NSG 229 Exam 4 With
Complete Solution
What is hematopoiesis? - ANSWER production of blood cells in the red bone
marrow
how are red blood cells produced? - ANSWER erythropoiesis - activated by
erythropoietin
what is hemolysis? - ANSWER destruction of red blood cells
what is the main function of red blood cells? - ANSWER transport oxygen and
acid base balance
what is a band? - ANSWER an immature neutrophil
what would cause an increase in neutrophils? - ANSWER infection or tissue
injury
what is the main function of granulocytes? - ANSWER phagocytosis - the
process where white blood cells engulf unwanted organisms, digest and kill
them
what is a seg? (segmented neutrophil) - ANSWER a mature neutrophil
what are the two types of lymphocytes? - ANSWER t cells and b cells
what are natural killer cells? - ANSWER lymphocytes that kill and attack virus
infected cells
what is the main function of thrombocytes? (platelets) - ANSWER start the
,clotting process by producing an initial platelet plug at the site of injury
what is the life span of a platelet? - ANSWER 8-11 days
how are platelets affected by aging? - ANSWER platelets decrease
what happens to wbc with aging? - ANSWER they decrease in response to
infection
what increases in blood with aging? - ANSWER erythropoietin
d-dimers
erythrocyte sedimentation rate
ferritin
fibrinogen
what is leukopenia? - ANSWER decreased number of WBC count - 5,000 or
less
occurs with bone marrow depression, severe or chronic illness and other
types of leukemia
what is thrombocytopenia? - ANSWER low platelet count
what is neutropenia? - ANSWER low neutrophil count
what is thrombocytosis? - ANSWER high platelet count
what is a reticulocyte? - ANSWER immature red blood cell
what is the process of clotting? - ANSWER vascular injury
local vasoconstriction occurs immediately
platelet response is activated
, subendothelial exposure fills gaps
agrigation or adhesion (same thing) - plates join together
activation of the clotting cascade - platelets change shape when the begin to
clot
formation of blood clot
clot retraction and dissolusion
what are the most common s/s of iron deficient anemia? - ANSWER pallor -
most common
glossitis (swelling of tongue)- 2nd most common
inflammation of lips (cheilitis)
headache, paresthesias, burning sensation of the tongue
what are diagnostics of iron deficient anemia? - ANSWER low h&h
serum iron will be low
serum ferritin will be low
serum transferrin will be low
total iron binding capacity will be high
bilirubin will be low
Complete Solution
What is hematopoiesis? - ANSWER production of blood cells in the red bone
marrow
how are red blood cells produced? - ANSWER erythropoiesis - activated by
erythropoietin
what is hemolysis? - ANSWER destruction of red blood cells
what is the main function of red blood cells? - ANSWER transport oxygen and
acid base balance
what is a band? - ANSWER an immature neutrophil
what would cause an increase in neutrophils? - ANSWER infection or tissue
injury
what is the main function of granulocytes? - ANSWER phagocytosis - the
process where white blood cells engulf unwanted organisms, digest and kill
them
what is a seg? (segmented neutrophil) - ANSWER a mature neutrophil
what are the two types of lymphocytes? - ANSWER t cells and b cells
what are natural killer cells? - ANSWER lymphocytes that kill and attack virus
infected cells
what is the main function of thrombocytes? (platelets) - ANSWER start the
,clotting process by producing an initial platelet plug at the site of injury
what is the life span of a platelet? - ANSWER 8-11 days
how are platelets affected by aging? - ANSWER platelets decrease
what happens to wbc with aging? - ANSWER they decrease in response to
infection
what increases in blood with aging? - ANSWER erythropoietin
d-dimers
erythrocyte sedimentation rate
ferritin
fibrinogen
what is leukopenia? - ANSWER decreased number of WBC count - 5,000 or
less
occurs with bone marrow depression, severe or chronic illness and other
types of leukemia
what is thrombocytopenia? - ANSWER low platelet count
what is neutropenia? - ANSWER low neutrophil count
what is thrombocytosis? - ANSWER high platelet count
what is a reticulocyte? - ANSWER immature red blood cell
what is the process of clotting? - ANSWER vascular injury
local vasoconstriction occurs immediately
platelet response is activated
, subendothelial exposure fills gaps
agrigation or adhesion (same thing) - plates join together
activation of the clotting cascade - platelets change shape when the begin to
clot
formation of blood clot
clot retraction and dissolusion
what are the most common s/s of iron deficient anemia? - ANSWER pallor -
most common
glossitis (swelling of tongue)- 2nd most common
inflammation of lips (cheilitis)
headache, paresthesias, burning sensation of the tongue
what are diagnostics of iron deficient anemia? - ANSWER low h&h
serum iron will be low
serum ferritin will be low
serum transferrin will be low
total iron binding capacity will be high
bilirubin will be low
