,TEST BANK FOR
Mason Policy & Politics in Nursing and Health Care, 8th
Edition
Chapteri01:iIntroduction
MULTIPLEiCHOICE
1. Whichiofitheifollowingiisianiexampleiofitertiaryiprevention?
a. Vaccinationiforirotavirusiforichildreniyoungerithanitheiageiofi1iyear
b. Surgicaliamputationiofianiextremityiwithiosteosarcomai(boneicancer)
c. Screeningiforigestationalidiabetesiafteri24iweeksiofipregnancy
d. Sexualieducationiprogramiinielementaryischools
e. Increasingitaxesiforibuyingicigarettesi
ANS:iB
Surgicaliamputationiofianiextremityiwithiosteosarcomai(boneicancer)iisianiexampleiiniwhichiw
heniaidiseaseiisipresentitheitreatmenti(amputation)iisidoneitoireduceitheiimpactiofidiseaseibyipre
ventingitheitumorifromidissemination.iVaccinationiforirotavirusiforichildreniyoungerithanitheia
geiofi1iyear,isexualieducationiprogramiinielementaryischools,iandiincreasingitaxesiforibuyingici
garettesirepresentiexamplesiofiprimaryiprevention.iScreeningiforigestationalidiabetesiafteri24iw
eeksiofipregnancyiisianiexampleiofisecondaryiprevention.
2. Thisihistoricicharacteriobservedithatichildbedifeverimortalityiwasimoreicommoniamongiw
omenitreatedibyiphysiciansiandimedicalistudentsicomparediwithiwomenitreatedibyimidwives
.iBasedionihisiobservations,iheiimplementediaihandiwashipolicyithatiresultediiniaidecreaseiini
mortality.iNameitheicharacterithatiweiareitalkingiabout.
a. JohniSnow
b. EdwardiJenner
c. D.A.iHenderson
d. LeoniGordis
e. IgnaziSemmelweisi
ANS:iE
IgnaziSemmelweisiidentifiedithatimedicalistudentsiandiphysiciansitransmitteditheidiseaseibyin
otiwashingitheirihandsiafteriexaminingibodiesiatiautopsiesiandiconductingimultipleiexaminati
onsiinitheiclinic.
3. ThanksitoitheicontributionsiofiEdwardiJenner,itheifollowingidiseaseiwasieradicatedilaterib
yieffortsiorganizedibyiD.A.iHenderson:
a. Cholera
b. Smallpox
c. Chickenpox
d. Polio
e. Zika
,TestiBank 1-2
ANS:iB
Smallpoxiwasieradicatediini1980.iEdwardiJennerivaccinatediJamesiPhippsiini1796iagainstis
mallpox.iAlmosti200iyearsilater,itheiWorldiHealthiOrganizationi(WHO)icommissioned
D.A.iHendersonitoileaditheieffortsitoieradicateitheidisease.
4. Overitheipasticentury,iaimarkedideclineiinitheimortalityiratesiofimanyiinfectiousidiseasesiha
sibeeniobserved.iWhichiofitheifollowingiisitheimostilikelyireasoniforitheiobservedideclineiinim
ortalityiratesifromicommoniinfectiousidiseases?
a. Developmentiofipenicillin
b. Developmentiofiinsulin
c. Developmentiofivaccines
d. Improvementiinisocialiconditions
e. Worseisanitationiandiunsafeiwateri
ANS:iD
Althoughimedicalitreatmentsipotentiallyihelpediinitheidecreaseiofiinfectiousidiseases,itheiad
vancementiinisocialiconditionsiplayediaimajorirole.iTheseiimprovementsiincludeibetterisani
tation,isafeidisposaliofiwaste,ibetterinutrition,iandiimprovementiinihousingiconditions.
Chapteri02:iTheiDynamicsiofiDiseaseiTransmission
TestiBankiMULTIPL
EiCHOICE
1. Whichitermimostiaccuratelyidescribesitheifollowingidefinition?i“Theioccurrenceiiniaicom
munityioriregionioficasesiofianiillness,ispecificihealth-relatedibehavior,ioriotherihealth-
irelatedieventsiclearlyiiniexcessiofinormaliexpectancy.”i[PortaiM,ied.iAiDictionaryiofiEpidemi
ology.iNewiYork:iOxfordiUniversityiPress;i2014.]
a. Endemic
b. Epidemic
c. Pandemic
d. Attackirate
e. Incubationiperiodi
ANS:iB
Aniepidemiciisitheioccurrenceiofihealth-
relatedieventsiiniaicommunityioriregion,iinicleariexcessiofinormaliexpectation.iEndemiciisinoti
trueibecauseiitiisidefinediasitheiconstantioccurrenceiofiaidisease,idisorder,iorinoxiousiinfectio
usiagentiiniaigeographiciareaioripopulationigroup.iPandemiciisinotitrueibecauseiitiisidefinedias
ianiepidemicioccurringioveriaiveryiwideiarea,icrossingiinternationaliboundaries,iandiusuallyia
ffectingiailargeinumberiof
Copyrighti©i2020ibyiElsevier,iInc.iAllirightsireserved.
, TestiBank 1-3
people.iAttackirateiisinotitrueibecauseiitiisidefinediasinumberiofipeopleiatiriskiiniwhomiaicert
ainiillnessidevelopsioveritotalinumberiofipeopleiatirisk.iIncubationiperiodiisinotitrueibecausei
itiisitheiintervalifromireceiptiofiinfectionitoitheitimeiofionsetioficlinicaliillnessi(theionsetiofirec
ognizableisymptoms).
2. Whatiisitheimostiaccurateidefinitioniofitheiincubationiperiodi(ofianiinfectiousidisease)?
a. Theitimeiofionsetioficlinicaliillnessioritheionsetiofirecognizableisymptoms
b. Theiintervalifromireceiptiofiinfectionitoitheitimeiofionsetioficlinicaliillnessi(theionsetiofire
cognizableisymptoms)
c. Theitimeiofiinvasionibyianiinfectiousiagent
d. Theitimeibetweeniinitiationiofiinfectioniandifirstisheddingioriexcretioniofitheiagent
e. Theiperiodibetweeniexposureianditheionsetiofiinfectiousnessi
ANS:iB
Theiincubationiperiodiisidefinediasitheiintervalifromireceiptiofiinfectionitoitheitimeiofionsetiofi
clinicaliillnessi(theionsetiofirecognizableisymptoms);iiniotheriwords,itheitimeibetweenitheimo
mentiofidevelopingisymptomsianditheimomentiofiinvasionibyianiinfectiousiagent.i“Theitimeiof
ionsetioficlinicaliillnessioritheionsetiofirecognizableisymptoms”iisinotitrueiasiiticorrespondsitoi
“timeiofionset.”i“Theitimeiofiinvasionibyianiinfectiousiagent”iisinotitrueiasiiticorrespondsitoi“ti
meiofiinfection.”i“Theitimeibetweeniinitiationiofiinfectioniandifirstisheddingioriexcretioniofith
eiagent”iandi“Theiperiodibetweeniexposureianditheionsetiofiinfectiousness”iareinotitrueiasithey
icorresponditoitheilatentiperiod.i(Theilatentiperiodiisifocusingionitheionsetiofiinfectiousness,ibu
titheiincubationiperiodiisifocusingionitheionsetiofitheisymptom.)
3. ThereiwasiaifoodipoisoningioutbreakioniAprili1,i2018,iatitheiCityiZiFoodiSafetyiConference.
iThereiwerei1,000ipeopleiregisterediforitheiconferenceiwithiluncheon,i100ivolunteersitoihostiat
tendees,iandi50ipeopleiwhoiserveditheiluncheoniduringitheiconference.iExceptifori50ipeopleiw
hoiserveditheifood,ialliofitheiparticipantsiandivolunteersiateitheifoodifromitheiluncheoniatitheic
onferenceioniAprili1,i2018.iBasedionlyionitheiinformationigiveniinithisiquestion,ihowimanyipeo
pleiareiatiriskiinithisifoodipoisoningioutbreak?
a.i1,000
b.i1,100
c.i1,150
d.i150
e.i50iA
NS:iB
Peopleiatiriskiinithisioutbreakiareipeopleiwhoiwereiexposeditoitheifoodiatitheiconference.iEven
ithoughi1,150ipeopleiwereiatitheiconference,i50ipeopleiwhoiserveditheifoodididinotieatitheifoo
d.iThereforeiweihaveitoiexcludeithosei50ipeople.
4. ThereiwasiaifoodipoisoningioutbreakioniAprili1,i2018,iatitheiCityiZiFoodiSafetyiConferenc
e.iThereiwerei1,000ipeopleiregisterediforitheiconferenceiwithiluncheon,i100ivolunteersitoihos
tiattendees,iandi50ipeopleiwhoiserveditheiluncheoniduringitheiconference.iExceptifori50ipeopl
eiwhoiserveditheifood,ialliofitheiparticipantsiandivolunteersiateitheifood
Copyrighti©i2020ibyiElsevier,iInc.iAllirightsireserved.
Mason Policy & Politics in Nursing and Health Care, 8th
Edition
Chapteri01:iIntroduction
MULTIPLEiCHOICE
1. Whichiofitheifollowingiisianiexampleiofitertiaryiprevention?
a. Vaccinationiforirotavirusiforichildreniyoungerithanitheiageiofi1iyear
b. Surgicaliamputationiofianiextremityiwithiosteosarcomai(boneicancer)
c. Screeningiforigestationalidiabetesiafteri24iweeksiofipregnancy
d. Sexualieducationiprogramiinielementaryischools
e. Increasingitaxesiforibuyingicigarettesi
ANS:iB
Surgicaliamputationiofianiextremityiwithiosteosarcomai(boneicancer)iisianiexampleiiniwhichiw
heniaidiseaseiisipresentitheitreatmenti(amputation)iisidoneitoireduceitheiimpactiofidiseaseibyipre
ventingitheitumorifromidissemination.iVaccinationiforirotavirusiforichildreniyoungerithanitheia
geiofi1iyear,isexualieducationiprogramiinielementaryischools,iandiincreasingitaxesiforibuyingici
garettesirepresentiexamplesiofiprimaryiprevention.iScreeningiforigestationalidiabetesiafteri24iw
eeksiofipregnancyiisianiexampleiofisecondaryiprevention.
2. Thisihistoricicharacteriobservedithatichildbedifeverimortalityiwasimoreicommoniamongiw
omenitreatedibyiphysiciansiandimedicalistudentsicomparediwithiwomenitreatedibyimidwives
.iBasedionihisiobservations,iheiimplementediaihandiwashipolicyithatiresultediiniaidecreaseiini
mortality.iNameitheicharacterithatiweiareitalkingiabout.
a. JohniSnow
b. EdwardiJenner
c. D.A.iHenderson
d. LeoniGordis
e. IgnaziSemmelweisi
ANS:iE
IgnaziSemmelweisiidentifiedithatimedicalistudentsiandiphysiciansitransmitteditheidiseaseibyin
otiwashingitheirihandsiafteriexaminingibodiesiatiautopsiesiandiconductingimultipleiexaminati
onsiinitheiclinic.
3. ThanksitoitheicontributionsiofiEdwardiJenner,itheifollowingidiseaseiwasieradicatedilaterib
yieffortsiorganizedibyiD.A.iHenderson:
a. Cholera
b. Smallpox
c. Chickenpox
d. Polio
e. Zika
,TestiBank 1-2
ANS:iB
Smallpoxiwasieradicatediini1980.iEdwardiJennerivaccinatediJamesiPhippsiini1796iagainstis
mallpox.iAlmosti200iyearsilater,itheiWorldiHealthiOrganizationi(WHO)icommissioned
D.A.iHendersonitoileaditheieffortsitoieradicateitheidisease.
4. Overitheipasticentury,iaimarkedideclineiinitheimortalityiratesiofimanyiinfectiousidiseasesiha
sibeeniobserved.iWhichiofitheifollowingiisitheimostilikelyireasoniforitheiobservedideclineiinim
ortalityiratesifromicommoniinfectiousidiseases?
a. Developmentiofipenicillin
b. Developmentiofiinsulin
c. Developmentiofivaccines
d. Improvementiinisocialiconditions
e. Worseisanitationiandiunsafeiwateri
ANS:iD
Althoughimedicalitreatmentsipotentiallyihelpediinitheidecreaseiofiinfectiousidiseases,itheiad
vancementiinisocialiconditionsiplayediaimajorirole.iTheseiimprovementsiincludeibetterisani
tation,isafeidisposaliofiwaste,ibetterinutrition,iandiimprovementiinihousingiconditions.
Chapteri02:iTheiDynamicsiofiDiseaseiTransmission
TestiBankiMULTIPL
EiCHOICE
1. Whichitermimostiaccuratelyidescribesitheifollowingidefinition?i“Theioccurrenceiiniaicom
munityioriregionioficasesiofianiillness,ispecificihealth-relatedibehavior,ioriotherihealth-
irelatedieventsiclearlyiiniexcessiofinormaliexpectancy.”i[PortaiM,ied.iAiDictionaryiofiEpidemi
ology.iNewiYork:iOxfordiUniversityiPress;i2014.]
a. Endemic
b. Epidemic
c. Pandemic
d. Attackirate
e. Incubationiperiodi
ANS:iB
Aniepidemiciisitheioccurrenceiofihealth-
relatedieventsiiniaicommunityioriregion,iinicleariexcessiofinormaliexpectation.iEndemiciisinoti
trueibecauseiitiisidefinediasitheiconstantioccurrenceiofiaidisease,idisorder,iorinoxiousiinfectio
usiagentiiniaigeographiciareaioripopulationigroup.iPandemiciisinotitrueibecauseiitiisidefinedias
ianiepidemicioccurringioveriaiveryiwideiarea,icrossingiinternationaliboundaries,iandiusuallyia
ffectingiailargeinumberiof
Copyrighti©i2020ibyiElsevier,iInc.iAllirightsireserved.
, TestiBank 1-3
people.iAttackirateiisinotitrueibecauseiitiisidefinediasinumberiofipeopleiatiriskiiniwhomiaicert
ainiillnessidevelopsioveritotalinumberiofipeopleiatirisk.iIncubationiperiodiisinotitrueibecausei
itiisitheiintervalifromireceiptiofiinfectionitoitheitimeiofionsetioficlinicaliillnessi(theionsetiofirec
ognizableisymptoms).
2. Whatiisitheimostiaccurateidefinitioniofitheiincubationiperiodi(ofianiinfectiousidisease)?
a. Theitimeiofionsetioficlinicaliillnessioritheionsetiofirecognizableisymptoms
b. Theiintervalifromireceiptiofiinfectionitoitheitimeiofionsetioficlinicaliillnessi(theionsetiofire
cognizableisymptoms)
c. Theitimeiofiinvasionibyianiinfectiousiagent
d. Theitimeibetweeniinitiationiofiinfectioniandifirstisheddingioriexcretioniofitheiagent
e. Theiperiodibetweeniexposureianditheionsetiofiinfectiousnessi
ANS:iB
Theiincubationiperiodiisidefinediasitheiintervalifromireceiptiofiinfectionitoitheitimeiofionsetiofi
clinicaliillnessi(theionsetiofirecognizableisymptoms);iiniotheriwords,itheitimeibetweenitheimo
mentiofidevelopingisymptomsianditheimomentiofiinvasionibyianiinfectiousiagent.i“Theitimeiof
ionsetioficlinicaliillnessioritheionsetiofirecognizableisymptoms”iisinotitrueiasiiticorrespondsitoi
“timeiofionset.”i“Theitimeiofiinvasionibyianiinfectiousiagent”iisinotitrueiasiiticorrespondsitoi“ti
meiofiinfection.”i“Theitimeibetweeniinitiationiofiinfectioniandifirstisheddingioriexcretioniofith
eiagent”iandi“Theiperiodibetweeniexposureianditheionsetiofiinfectiousness”iareinotitrueiasithey
icorresponditoitheilatentiperiod.i(Theilatentiperiodiisifocusingionitheionsetiofiinfectiousness,ibu
titheiincubationiperiodiisifocusingionitheionsetiofitheisymptom.)
3. ThereiwasiaifoodipoisoningioutbreakioniAprili1,i2018,iatitheiCityiZiFoodiSafetyiConference.
iThereiwerei1,000ipeopleiregisterediforitheiconferenceiwithiluncheon,i100ivolunteersitoihostiat
tendees,iandi50ipeopleiwhoiserveditheiluncheoniduringitheiconference.iExceptifori50ipeopleiw
hoiserveditheifood,ialliofitheiparticipantsiandivolunteersiateitheifoodifromitheiluncheoniatitheic
onferenceioniAprili1,i2018.iBasedionlyionitheiinformationigiveniinithisiquestion,ihowimanyipeo
pleiareiatiriskiinithisifoodipoisoningioutbreak?
a.i1,000
b.i1,100
c.i1,150
d.i150
e.i50iA
NS:iB
Peopleiatiriskiinithisioutbreakiareipeopleiwhoiwereiexposeditoitheifoodiatitheiconference.iEven
ithoughi1,150ipeopleiwereiatitheiconference,i50ipeopleiwhoiserveditheifoodididinotieatitheifoo
d.iThereforeiweihaveitoiexcludeithosei50ipeople.
4. ThereiwasiaifoodipoisoningioutbreakioniAprili1,i2018,iatitheiCityiZiFoodiSafetyiConferenc
e.iThereiwerei1,000ipeopleiregisterediforitheiconferenceiwithiluncheon,i100ivolunteersitoihos
tiattendees,iandi50ipeopleiwhoiserveditheiluncheoniduringitheiconference.iExceptifori50ipeopl
eiwhoiserveditheifood,ialliofitheiparticipantsiandivolunteersiateitheifood
Copyrighti©i2020ibyiElsevier,iInc.iAllirightsireserved.
