PSYC 2700 Final Test Questions With
Guaranteed Pass Solutions.
procedural knowledge - Answer Knowledge of how to do something, such as riding a bike; expressed in
behaviors rather than in words. Takes practice and hard to extinguish
Ex. Riding a bike, driving and walking
declarative knowledge - Answer the facts, events and impressions that we consciously know and can
describe. it is acquired with organization and can be easily forgotten. Like knowing what time your fav
restaurant closes
episodic knowledge - Answer long-term memory for information tied to a particular time and place,
especially memory of the events in a person's life
- autobiographical
- temporal tags
-Memory of having experienced something
Ex. First day of uni
semantic knowledge - Answer the aspect of language knowledge that involves word meanings and
vocabulary
- factual, words, concepts
- not referenced to own experiences
-Factual knowledge
Example: We know what a house is but may not remember where we learned
Cohen & Corkin (1982) - Answer - Compared normals vs. amnesics (like HM)
Task: "Tower of Hanoi puzzle"
Objective: move entire set of disks to another rod
- only one disk can be moved at a time
- disks must be move onto another rod
,- no disk may be placed on top of a smaller disk
Results: Normals:
- learns set of procedures
- transfer to other tasks
- have episodic memory
Amnesics:
- can learn task!
- also show transfer!
- but no episodic memory
Shows: - a dissociation between explicit (episodic) memory & implicit (procedural) knowledge
H.M. (Henry Molaison) - Answer • Retrieval of information from LTM intact
• STM (working memory) intact
• But, could not transfer new declarative info to LTM
- i.e., explicit storage of new info a problem
- this included episodic information (experiences)
mirror tracing task - Answer • HM had no recollection of doing this task from one day to the next
• However, HM improved in this motor learning task!
• Evidence for implicit learning and memory
Semantic Memory - Answer Permanent memory of general world knowledge
• Semantic memory uses different brain processes than episodic memory:
- episodic memory: hippocampus & anterior prefrontal cortex
- semantic knowledge: lateral temporal lobes, posterior prefrontal cortex
• Semantic memory is highly organized
, - Eye witness studies (lecture 08)
- Psychoanalysis relies on organization
- Aim is to examine and formalize this organization
Tulving 1962 - Answer - Subjective organization: personal organization.
- presented list of unrelated words, given several times & in different orders
- after each trial they had to generate the words
models of semantic memory - Answer Feature Model:
-Semantic Feature-Comparison Model
Two Network Models:
Hierarchical Network Model
Spreading Activation Model
Semantic Feature-Comparison
(Rips, Shoben & Smith, 1973) - Answer 1. Structure
- knowledge consists of sets of features
- features weighted on n-dimensional space
- can very bt small and large
defining: - important
characteristic: - less important
2. Decision Process
stage 1: global feature comparison,
stage 2: compare defining features
Problem for Semantic Feature Comparison Model - Answer Disconfirming sentences
Responses should be faster to
Collies are Birds STAGE 1
Guaranteed Pass Solutions.
procedural knowledge - Answer Knowledge of how to do something, such as riding a bike; expressed in
behaviors rather than in words. Takes practice and hard to extinguish
Ex. Riding a bike, driving and walking
declarative knowledge - Answer the facts, events and impressions that we consciously know and can
describe. it is acquired with organization and can be easily forgotten. Like knowing what time your fav
restaurant closes
episodic knowledge - Answer long-term memory for information tied to a particular time and place,
especially memory of the events in a person's life
- autobiographical
- temporal tags
-Memory of having experienced something
Ex. First day of uni
semantic knowledge - Answer the aspect of language knowledge that involves word meanings and
vocabulary
- factual, words, concepts
- not referenced to own experiences
-Factual knowledge
Example: We know what a house is but may not remember where we learned
Cohen & Corkin (1982) - Answer - Compared normals vs. amnesics (like HM)
Task: "Tower of Hanoi puzzle"
Objective: move entire set of disks to another rod
- only one disk can be moved at a time
- disks must be move onto another rod
,- no disk may be placed on top of a smaller disk
Results: Normals:
- learns set of procedures
- transfer to other tasks
- have episodic memory
Amnesics:
- can learn task!
- also show transfer!
- but no episodic memory
Shows: - a dissociation between explicit (episodic) memory & implicit (procedural) knowledge
H.M. (Henry Molaison) - Answer • Retrieval of information from LTM intact
• STM (working memory) intact
• But, could not transfer new declarative info to LTM
- i.e., explicit storage of new info a problem
- this included episodic information (experiences)
mirror tracing task - Answer • HM had no recollection of doing this task from one day to the next
• However, HM improved in this motor learning task!
• Evidence for implicit learning and memory
Semantic Memory - Answer Permanent memory of general world knowledge
• Semantic memory uses different brain processes than episodic memory:
- episodic memory: hippocampus & anterior prefrontal cortex
- semantic knowledge: lateral temporal lobes, posterior prefrontal cortex
• Semantic memory is highly organized
, - Eye witness studies (lecture 08)
- Psychoanalysis relies on organization
- Aim is to examine and formalize this organization
Tulving 1962 - Answer - Subjective organization: personal organization.
- presented list of unrelated words, given several times & in different orders
- after each trial they had to generate the words
models of semantic memory - Answer Feature Model:
-Semantic Feature-Comparison Model
Two Network Models:
Hierarchical Network Model
Spreading Activation Model
Semantic Feature-Comparison
(Rips, Shoben & Smith, 1973) - Answer 1. Structure
- knowledge consists of sets of features
- features weighted on n-dimensional space
- can very bt small and large
defining: - important
characteristic: - less important
2. Decision Process
stage 1: global feature comparison,
stage 2: compare defining features
Problem for Semantic Feature Comparison Model - Answer Disconfirming sentences
Responses should be faster to
Collies are Birds STAGE 1
