PSY 121 Exam 1
The school of psychology called structuralism used a technique called ________, which involved "looking
inward" and reporting the contents of consciousness to study a person's experiences. - Answer-
introspection
_______________ established the first psychological laboratory in 1879. - Answer-Wilhelm Wundt
Professor Thomas approaches questions about human behavior from a perspective that emphasizes
unconscious processes within the individual, such as inner forces or conflicts. It is most likely that she
accepts which of the following psychological approaches? - Answer-Psychodynamic approach
The _______________ perspective is a psychological approach that emphasizes the mental processes in
perception, memory, language, and problem solving. - Answer-cognitive
Which of the following professionals is NOT a mental health practitioner? - Answer-Industrial
organizational psychologist
______________ usually divide their time between supervising and teaching students, completing
administrative tasks, and carrying out psychological research. - Answer-Academic psychologists
The first step in any scientific investigation is ________. - Answer-identifying the question
,"Children who watch violent cartoons will become more aggressive." According to the scientific method,
this statement is most likely a ________. - Answer-hypothesis
After you have identified a problem you want to study, the next step in the scientific method is to
____________. - Answer-conduct background research
A way of processing information in which we examine assumptions, evaluate evidence, look for hidden
agendas, and assess conclusions is called __________________. - Answer-critical thinking
If you are reading a review of a product and discover that the person writing the review is a part owner
of the product's company, you might question the reviewer's claims based on which of the following? -
Answer-The underlying motive of the writer
Joaquin went to McDonald's to observe people eating in fast-food restaurants. He brought a camera
crew and bright lights, and they all wore yellow jump suits. Joaquin said he wanted to do a naturalistic
observation but may have had some problems because of ________. - Answer-reactivity
When you watch dogs play in the park, or watch how your professors conduct their classes, you are
engaging in a form of ________. - Answer-naturalistic observation
A case study would be the most appropriate method to investigate which of these topics? - Answer-The
development of a male baby raised as a female after a surgical error destroyed his penis
A detailed description of a particular individual being studied or treated is called a ________. - Answer-
case study
Which of the following questions could be answered best by using the survey method? - Answer-Do
students prefer a grading system with or without pluses and minuses?
, A group of randomly selected participants for a study that matches the population on important
characteristics such as age and sex is called ________. - Answer-a representative sample
Paul records data that indicate that the number of hot chocolates sold at the concession stand increases
as temperature outside decreases (for example, more hot chocolates are purchased during late fall than
late spring). Which of the following statements is the most accurate depiction of this finding? - Answer-
There is a negative correlation between the two variables.
All of the following variables, except for ________, would likely show a positive correlation. - Answer-
alcohol consumption and scores on a driving test
A study shows that the correlation between shoe size and intelligence is .05. This means that
_____________. - Answer-there is no relationship between shoe size and intelligence score.
Golf skill is negatively correlated with golf scores. Based on this information, which of the following
statements is true? - Answer-The more skilled you are at golf, the lower your golf score.
Which of the following correlation coefficients represents the weakest relationship between two
variables? - Answer-+.05
The variables of stress and depression are positively correlated. This means _______________. -
Answer-we cannot determine causality with a correlation
The administration of Midwest State University wants to know if the arrangement of chairs affects
student participation in classrooms. They arrange the chairs in two different ways (theater style and
circular) and then measure participation. In this study, ________ is the independent variable, and
_________ is the dependent variable. - Answer-arrangement of chairs; student participation
Experiments are more valuable than other research methods because they _______________________.
- Answer-allow a determination of cause-effect relationships
The school of psychology called structuralism used a technique called ________, which involved "looking
inward" and reporting the contents of consciousness to study a person's experiences. - Answer-
introspection
_______________ established the first psychological laboratory in 1879. - Answer-Wilhelm Wundt
Professor Thomas approaches questions about human behavior from a perspective that emphasizes
unconscious processes within the individual, such as inner forces or conflicts. It is most likely that she
accepts which of the following psychological approaches? - Answer-Psychodynamic approach
The _______________ perspective is a psychological approach that emphasizes the mental processes in
perception, memory, language, and problem solving. - Answer-cognitive
Which of the following professionals is NOT a mental health practitioner? - Answer-Industrial
organizational psychologist
______________ usually divide their time between supervising and teaching students, completing
administrative tasks, and carrying out psychological research. - Answer-Academic psychologists
The first step in any scientific investigation is ________. - Answer-identifying the question
,"Children who watch violent cartoons will become more aggressive." According to the scientific method,
this statement is most likely a ________. - Answer-hypothesis
After you have identified a problem you want to study, the next step in the scientific method is to
____________. - Answer-conduct background research
A way of processing information in which we examine assumptions, evaluate evidence, look for hidden
agendas, and assess conclusions is called __________________. - Answer-critical thinking
If you are reading a review of a product and discover that the person writing the review is a part owner
of the product's company, you might question the reviewer's claims based on which of the following? -
Answer-The underlying motive of the writer
Joaquin went to McDonald's to observe people eating in fast-food restaurants. He brought a camera
crew and bright lights, and they all wore yellow jump suits. Joaquin said he wanted to do a naturalistic
observation but may have had some problems because of ________. - Answer-reactivity
When you watch dogs play in the park, or watch how your professors conduct their classes, you are
engaging in a form of ________. - Answer-naturalistic observation
A case study would be the most appropriate method to investigate which of these topics? - Answer-The
development of a male baby raised as a female after a surgical error destroyed his penis
A detailed description of a particular individual being studied or treated is called a ________. - Answer-
case study
Which of the following questions could be answered best by using the survey method? - Answer-Do
students prefer a grading system with or without pluses and minuses?
, A group of randomly selected participants for a study that matches the population on important
characteristics such as age and sex is called ________. - Answer-a representative sample
Paul records data that indicate that the number of hot chocolates sold at the concession stand increases
as temperature outside decreases (for example, more hot chocolates are purchased during late fall than
late spring). Which of the following statements is the most accurate depiction of this finding? - Answer-
There is a negative correlation between the two variables.
All of the following variables, except for ________, would likely show a positive correlation. - Answer-
alcohol consumption and scores on a driving test
A study shows that the correlation between shoe size and intelligence is .05. This means that
_____________. - Answer-there is no relationship between shoe size and intelligence score.
Golf skill is negatively correlated with golf scores. Based on this information, which of the following
statements is true? - Answer-The more skilled you are at golf, the lower your golf score.
Which of the following correlation coefficients represents the weakest relationship between two
variables? - Answer-+.05
The variables of stress and depression are positively correlated. This means _______________. -
Answer-we cannot determine causality with a correlation
The administration of Midwest State University wants to know if the arrangement of chairs affects
student participation in classrooms. They arrange the chairs in two different ways (theater style and
circular) and then measure participation. In this study, ________ is the independent variable, and
_________ is the dependent variable. - Answer-arrangement of chairs; student participation
Experiments are more valuable than other research methods because they _______________________.
- Answer-allow a determination of cause-effect relationships
