Advanced Pathophysiology UTMB 5355
Exam 2024 | UTMB 5355 Advanced
Pathophysiology Actual Exam 2024
Questions and Correct Answers Rated A+
The effects of vasodilation during an inflammatory response cause
which of the following? -ANSWER-Slower blood viscosity
Which of the following is a role of histamine when released by mast
cells? -ANSWER-Increased Vascular Permeability
Which of the following results when histamine attaches to the H1
receptor? -ANSWER-Smooth muscle contraction, increased
chemotaxis, stimulation of prostaglandin synthesis
Which chemical mediator is responsible for prolonged asthma
symptoms such as bronchoconstriction and inflammation? -ANSWER-
Leukotrienes
Which of the following are an active modulator of allergic reactions in
the immune system? -ANSWER-Eosinophils
directs movement of cells along a chemical gradient attracting
eosinophils and neutrophils to the site of inflammation. -ANSWER-
Chemotaxis
What are the functions of interferons? -ANSWER-Protect against viral
infection, modulate inflammatory response
,Your patient has seasonal allergic rhinitis. Which type of
hypersensitivity reaction is this? -ANSWER-Type 1
Your patient has diagnosis of Grave's disease. Which type of
Hypersensitivity reaction is this? -ANSWER-Type 2
Which of the following is a type III hypersensitivity reaction? -
ANSWER-Glomerulonephritis
Which of the following statement is true regarding Type IV Reactions?
-ANSWER-The reaction is mediated by T lymphocytes
Which of the following statements are true regarding exotoxins? -
ANSWER-damage cell membranes, activate second messengers,
inhibit protein synthesis
immunity is produced by an individual after natural exposure to an
antigen or after immunization -ANSWER-Active
immunity produces immunoglobulins that bind to antigens and
neutralize their effects -ANSWER-Humoral
stimulates the proliferation of T cells and B cells during inflammation -
ANSWER-Interleukins
Catecholamines decrease which of the following immune system cells
during chronic stress? -ANSWER-Natural Killer cells
interfere with insulin signaling leading to insulin resistance in stress,
obesity, and Type 2 Diabetes. -ANSWER-Pro-inflammatory cytokines
,what type of immunity is produced when an immunoglobulin crosses
the placenta? -ANSWER-Passive acquired
the normal microbiome -ANSWER-The body's surfaces are colonized
with a variety of microorganisms, Surfaces, such as skin and mucous
membranes of eyes, upper and lower GI tracts, urethra and vagina are
colonized by a combination of bacteria and fungi that are unique to a
particular location and individual.
If immunocompromised the microbiome can lead to -ANSWER-
opportunistic infections or loss of integrity of the body surface areas.
Type 1 hypersensitivity example -ANSWER-seasonal rhinitis
Type 1 hypersensitivity -ANSWER-IgE mediated, binds to mast cell
which causes release of histamine and other inflammatory cytokines
Eosinphils are active in which hypersensitivity? -ANSWER-Type 1
Histamine binds to _ to cause allergic reaction -ANSWER-H1
receptors
Where are H1 receptors found? -ANSWER-smooth muscle,
endothelium, bronchial lining, oral mucosa
act to prevent over reactions in the smooth muscle contractions
brought on by histamine binding to H1 receptors -ANSWER-H2
receptors
histamine binding to H1 causes -ANSWER-smooth muscle contraction
, histamine binding to H2 causes -ANSWER-smooth muscle relaxation,
avoids anaphylaxis
H2 blocker examples -ANSWER-pepcid
H1 is -ANSWER-pro-inflammatory
H2 is -ANSWER-antiinflammatory
Type 2 hypersensitivity is -ANSWER-tissue specific; a specific cell or
tissue is the target of an immune response
Symptoms of many type II reactions are -ANSWER-determined by the
tissue or organ being targeted.
In type 2 hypersensitivity reactions antibodies bind to -ANSWER-
tissue specific antigens
IgG and IgM and complement cascade are active in -ANSWER-type 2
reactions to destroy cell membrane and initiate lysis of cell
Examples of type 2 hypersensitivity reactions -ANSWER-Autoimmune
hemolytic anemia or transfusion reactions (RBCs are destroyed by
complement mediated lysis)
Type 3 hypersensitivity is -ANSWER-immune-complex mediated;
antigen-antibody complex not formed immune complexes form in the
circulation and later are deposited to vessels walls
Type III reactions are not - specific -ANSWER-organ
Exam 2024 | UTMB 5355 Advanced
Pathophysiology Actual Exam 2024
Questions and Correct Answers Rated A+
The effects of vasodilation during an inflammatory response cause
which of the following? -ANSWER-Slower blood viscosity
Which of the following is a role of histamine when released by mast
cells? -ANSWER-Increased Vascular Permeability
Which of the following results when histamine attaches to the H1
receptor? -ANSWER-Smooth muscle contraction, increased
chemotaxis, stimulation of prostaglandin synthesis
Which chemical mediator is responsible for prolonged asthma
symptoms such as bronchoconstriction and inflammation? -ANSWER-
Leukotrienes
Which of the following are an active modulator of allergic reactions in
the immune system? -ANSWER-Eosinophils
directs movement of cells along a chemical gradient attracting
eosinophils and neutrophils to the site of inflammation. -ANSWER-
Chemotaxis
What are the functions of interferons? -ANSWER-Protect against viral
infection, modulate inflammatory response
,Your patient has seasonal allergic rhinitis. Which type of
hypersensitivity reaction is this? -ANSWER-Type 1
Your patient has diagnosis of Grave's disease. Which type of
Hypersensitivity reaction is this? -ANSWER-Type 2
Which of the following is a type III hypersensitivity reaction? -
ANSWER-Glomerulonephritis
Which of the following statement is true regarding Type IV Reactions?
-ANSWER-The reaction is mediated by T lymphocytes
Which of the following statements are true regarding exotoxins? -
ANSWER-damage cell membranes, activate second messengers,
inhibit protein synthesis
immunity is produced by an individual after natural exposure to an
antigen or after immunization -ANSWER-Active
immunity produces immunoglobulins that bind to antigens and
neutralize their effects -ANSWER-Humoral
stimulates the proliferation of T cells and B cells during inflammation -
ANSWER-Interleukins
Catecholamines decrease which of the following immune system cells
during chronic stress? -ANSWER-Natural Killer cells
interfere with insulin signaling leading to insulin resistance in stress,
obesity, and Type 2 Diabetes. -ANSWER-Pro-inflammatory cytokines
,what type of immunity is produced when an immunoglobulin crosses
the placenta? -ANSWER-Passive acquired
the normal microbiome -ANSWER-The body's surfaces are colonized
with a variety of microorganisms, Surfaces, such as skin and mucous
membranes of eyes, upper and lower GI tracts, urethra and vagina are
colonized by a combination of bacteria and fungi that are unique to a
particular location and individual.
If immunocompromised the microbiome can lead to -ANSWER-
opportunistic infections or loss of integrity of the body surface areas.
Type 1 hypersensitivity example -ANSWER-seasonal rhinitis
Type 1 hypersensitivity -ANSWER-IgE mediated, binds to mast cell
which causes release of histamine and other inflammatory cytokines
Eosinphils are active in which hypersensitivity? -ANSWER-Type 1
Histamine binds to _ to cause allergic reaction -ANSWER-H1
receptors
Where are H1 receptors found? -ANSWER-smooth muscle,
endothelium, bronchial lining, oral mucosa
act to prevent over reactions in the smooth muscle contractions
brought on by histamine binding to H1 receptors -ANSWER-H2
receptors
histamine binding to H1 causes -ANSWER-smooth muscle contraction
, histamine binding to H2 causes -ANSWER-smooth muscle relaxation,
avoids anaphylaxis
H2 blocker examples -ANSWER-pepcid
H1 is -ANSWER-pro-inflammatory
H2 is -ANSWER-antiinflammatory
Type 2 hypersensitivity is -ANSWER-tissue specific; a specific cell or
tissue is the target of an immune response
Symptoms of many type II reactions are -ANSWER-determined by the
tissue or organ being targeted.
In type 2 hypersensitivity reactions antibodies bind to -ANSWER-
tissue specific antigens
IgG and IgM and complement cascade are active in -ANSWER-type 2
reactions to destroy cell membrane and initiate lysis of cell
Examples of type 2 hypersensitivity reactions -ANSWER-Autoimmune
hemolytic anemia or transfusion reactions (RBCs are destroyed by
complement mediated lysis)
Type 3 hypersensitivity is -ANSWER-immune-complex mediated;
antigen-antibody complex not formed immune complexes form in the
circulation and later are deposited to vessels walls
Type III reactions are not - specific -ANSWER-organ
