Study Guide Biological Molecules
Questions and Answers
What is a biological molecule? - Answer-A biomolecule is any molecule that is present
in living organisms, including large macromolecules such as proteins, carbohydrates,
lipids, and nucleic acids, as well as small molecules such as primary metabolites,
secondary metabolites, and natural products.
What are four categories of large biological molecules? - Answer-1. Carbohydrates
(includes sugars and polymers of sugar)
2. Lipids
3. Proteins
4. Nucleic acid
These four large biological molecules are found in all living creatures.
Common sources of energy in food are? - Answer-Lipids and Carbohydrates
Humans and animals mainly store energy as - Answer-Lipids
Enzymes are - Answer-are a type of protein
Genetic information is stored in DNA, which is a - Answer-Nucleic acid
Which elements are carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids composed of? -
Answer-Carbohydrates: elements Carbon, hydrogen, and Oxygen
Lipids: carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.
Proteins: composed of Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen and Nitrogen.
Which element forms the "skeleton" of large biological molecules? - Answer-Carbon
Referring to the question above: Why is this element able to form long chains? -
Answer-Because each carbon is identical, they all have four valence electrons, so they
can easily bond with other carbon atoms to form long chains or rings. In fact, a carbon
atom can bond with another carbon atom two or three times to make double and triple
covalent bonds between two carbon atoms.
Which type of biological molecule is at least partly hydrophobic? - Answer-lipids
What is the difference between a polypeptide and a protein? - Answer-A polypeptide is
a single linear chain of many amino acids, held together by amide bonds. A protein is
one or more polypeptide (more than about 50 amino acids long). An oligopeptide
consists of only a few amino acids (between two and twenty).
Which category of biological molecules are not polymers? - Answer-Lipids
Questions and Answers
What is a biological molecule? - Answer-A biomolecule is any molecule that is present
in living organisms, including large macromolecules such as proteins, carbohydrates,
lipids, and nucleic acids, as well as small molecules such as primary metabolites,
secondary metabolites, and natural products.
What are four categories of large biological molecules? - Answer-1. Carbohydrates
(includes sugars and polymers of sugar)
2. Lipids
3. Proteins
4. Nucleic acid
These four large biological molecules are found in all living creatures.
Common sources of energy in food are? - Answer-Lipids and Carbohydrates
Humans and animals mainly store energy as - Answer-Lipids
Enzymes are - Answer-are a type of protein
Genetic information is stored in DNA, which is a - Answer-Nucleic acid
Which elements are carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids composed of? -
Answer-Carbohydrates: elements Carbon, hydrogen, and Oxygen
Lipids: carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.
Proteins: composed of Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen and Nitrogen.
Which element forms the "skeleton" of large biological molecules? - Answer-Carbon
Referring to the question above: Why is this element able to form long chains? -
Answer-Because each carbon is identical, they all have four valence electrons, so they
can easily bond with other carbon atoms to form long chains or rings. In fact, a carbon
atom can bond with another carbon atom two or three times to make double and triple
covalent bonds between two carbon atoms.
Which type of biological molecule is at least partly hydrophobic? - Answer-lipids
What is the difference between a polypeptide and a protein? - Answer-A polypeptide is
a single linear chain of many amino acids, held together by amide bonds. A protein is
one or more polypeptide (more than about 50 amino acids long). An oligopeptide
consists of only a few amino acids (between two and twenty).
Which category of biological molecules are not polymers? - Answer-Lipids
