PCB 3233 Exam One UCF – questions with answers
Immunology is the study of - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔physiological mechanisms that are used
to defend the body from invasion by foreign or infectious agents
In response to diseases caused by infectious agents, the body develops cells dedicated to defense,
these form... - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔the immune system
protective/adaptive immunity takes time to develop while ________________________ can
_________ _______- and cause disease - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔microorganisms can rapidly
multiply
Immunity involves two responses: - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔1. Flexible but specific defenses
of the adaptive immune response
2. Fixed defenses of the innate immune response
In adaptive = - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔B and T cells
(you MUST inheret something from your parents)
To make B and T cells you need - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔three segments of DNA that make a
gene.
During vaccination we are given the strongest - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔primary adaptive
immune response
- ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔
microbes survive on ..... and release - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔-animal and plant products
-release digestive enzymes
,microbes grow on - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔living tissues (extracellular) where they are
bathed in nutrients
other intracellular microbes infect animal/human cells, utilizing - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS
**✔✔host cell sources
Some microbes are ________ and even __________ (ex:_____________) - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS
**✔✔some are harmless and helpful
ex: E. Coli
What is protecive immunity? - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔People who survive a specific
infection become immune to it
To provide protective immunity, the immune system must first - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS
**✔✔engage the microorganism
What is the lag time between infection and protection? - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔around 7
days
True or false, the first infection is the most dangerous one - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔true
true or false, Disease is NOT prevented by prior exposure to an attenuated/killed infectious agent - **
VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔false
Who recognized that only those who had recovered from the plague could nurse the sick without
becoming sick again? - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔430 BC- Thucydides
During the fifteenth century- Chinese and Turks used what to induce immunity? What is this called?
- ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔dried crusts from smallpox pustules (inhaled or inserted into small
cuts in the skin "variolation")
, Origins of immunology attributed to who? What did he discover? - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔-
Edward Jenner
-Discovered in 1796 that cowpox "vaccinia" protected from human smallpox
a pathogen is - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔Any organism with potential to cause disease
ex: Influenza and typhoid bacillus
Opportunistic pathogens cause disease if - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔the body's defenses are
weakened or it gets into a part of the body it isn't normally found.
What are the four classes of pathogens? - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔bacteria, viruses, fungi,
parasites
Candida albicans- - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔normal inhabitant of the human body, thrush &
systemic infections
Staphylococcus aureus- - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔gram positive bacterium that colonizes
human skin, pimples & boils
Mycobacterium tuberculosis- - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔causes tuberculosis
Over _____ microbial species in the human gut (normal flora) This is called - ** VERIFIED
ANSWERS **✔✔-1000
-Commensal bacteria (eat at the same table. Not harmful)
What is first line of external defense against infection? - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔skin - it is a
tough impenetrable barrier
If a disease shares the same _________ (like smallpox and cowpox) you can use one or the other to
create a vaccination - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔epitope
Immunology is the study of - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔physiological mechanisms that are used
to defend the body from invasion by foreign or infectious agents
In response to diseases caused by infectious agents, the body develops cells dedicated to defense,
these form... - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔the immune system
protective/adaptive immunity takes time to develop while ________________________ can
_________ _______- and cause disease - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔microorganisms can rapidly
multiply
Immunity involves two responses: - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔1. Flexible but specific defenses
of the adaptive immune response
2. Fixed defenses of the innate immune response
In adaptive = - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔B and T cells
(you MUST inheret something from your parents)
To make B and T cells you need - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔three segments of DNA that make a
gene.
During vaccination we are given the strongest - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔primary adaptive
immune response
- ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔
microbes survive on ..... and release - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔-animal and plant products
-release digestive enzymes
,microbes grow on - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔living tissues (extracellular) where they are
bathed in nutrients
other intracellular microbes infect animal/human cells, utilizing - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS
**✔✔host cell sources
Some microbes are ________ and even __________ (ex:_____________) - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS
**✔✔some are harmless and helpful
ex: E. Coli
What is protecive immunity? - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔People who survive a specific
infection become immune to it
To provide protective immunity, the immune system must first - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS
**✔✔engage the microorganism
What is the lag time between infection and protection? - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔around 7
days
True or false, the first infection is the most dangerous one - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔true
true or false, Disease is NOT prevented by prior exposure to an attenuated/killed infectious agent - **
VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔false
Who recognized that only those who had recovered from the plague could nurse the sick without
becoming sick again? - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔430 BC- Thucydides
During the fifteenth century- Chinese and Turks used what to induce immunity? What is this called?
- ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔dried crusts from smallpox pustules (inhaled or inserted into small
cuts in the skin "variolation")
, Origins of immunology attributed to who? What did he discover? - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔-
Edward Jenner
-Discovered in 1796 that cowpox "vaccinia" protected from human smallpox
a pathogen is - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔Any organism with potential to cause disease
ex: Influenza and typhoid bacillus
Opportunistic pathogens cause disease if - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔the body's defenses are
weakened or it gets into a part of the body it isn't normally found.
What are the four classes of pathogens? - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔bacteria, viruses, fungi,
parasites
Candida albicans- - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔normal inhabitant of the human body, thrush &
systemic infections
Staphylococcus aureus- - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔gram positive bacterium that colonizes
human skin, pimples & boils
Mycobacterium tuberculosis- - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔causes tuberculosis
Over _____ microbial species in the human gut (normal flora) This is called - ** VERIFIED
ANSWERS **✔✔-1000
-Commensal bacteria (eat at the same table. Not harmful)
What is first line of external defense against infection? - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔skin - it is a
tough impenetrable barrier
If a disease shares the same _________ (like smallpox and cowpox) you can use one or the other to
create a vaccination - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔epitope
