HSM 421 Final Exam Questions and
Answers (Graded A)
Health determinants can be defined simply as factors that affect health or more formally
as a "range of personal, social, economic, and environmental factors that influence
health" both at the individual and population levels. - ANSWER-True
About what portion of the spending on health in the United States is sourced from
government (public) funds? - ANSWER-Nearly 50 percent
Compared to other Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)
countries, the United States - ANSWER-spends considerably more on health and
healthcare.
The fundamental challenge to the US healthcare services delivery system today is to
increase value to the consumer by restraining cost increases while becoming more
effective in delivering care. - ANSWER-True
Healthcare disparities are best defined as - ANSWER-differences in variables such as
access, insurance, coverage, and quality of services received.
Public policies can be defined as - ANSWER-authoritative decisions made within
government.
Policies can take the forms of laws, rules, implementation decisions, and judicial
decisions. - ANSWER-True
Primary responsibility for implementation of public laws rests with which government
branch? - ANSWER-Executive
Policies usually fall within one of two basic categories: - ANSWER-allocative or
regulatory.
Structurally and operationally, the healthcare market works very much like a perfectly
competitive economic market. - ANSWER-False
A policy described as "allocative" - ANSWER-seeks to distribute goods and resources
to one group at the expense of others.
The responsibility for promulgating rules and regulations falls primarily to which
government branch? - ANSWER-Executive
, Cases that are decided by the Supreme Court - ANSWER-cannot be appealed.
The Tenth Amendment to the US Constitution - ANSWER-gives the states powers not
specifically delegated to the United States in the Constitution.
permits the states to protect the health, safety, and welfare of its citizens.
Unlike decision makers in economic markets, decision makers in policy markets -
ANSWER-are more likely to base decisions on immediate costs and benefits.
Having influence in policy markets depends on possession of - ANSWER-legitimate and
reward power.
reward and coercive power.
expert and referent power.
Which statement most accurately describes the pluralist and/or elitist perspectives on
interest groups? - ANSWER-An elitist perspective holds that a small portion of the
population controls the nation's key institutions and most of its wealth.
Environmental health policies are - ANSWER-typically created in response to a buildup
of real-world evidence of environmental health hazards.
Social factors, such as poverty or discrimination, can and do affect health, but not as
much as biological factors such as viruses and carcinogens. - ANSWER-False
Major factors in high healthcare spending in the United States include which of the
following? - ANSWER-Technology and prescription drugs
The rise in chronic diseases and administrative costs
Only the legislative branch of government makes health policy. - ANSWER-False
Health policies affect health through an intervening set of variables called - ANSWER-
health determinants.
In the United States, many of the poor obtain their health services in a different manner
than is typical of other income groups. - ANSWER-True
The United States may spend more on healthcare than any other country in the world,
but that cost is justified by the health outcomes the United States achieves relative to
other Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development countries. - ANSWER-
False
The health system in any country can be defined fully as the government's total effort in
pursuit of health for the citizenry. - ANSWER-False
State legislatures are suppliers of health policies, but they cannot be demanders. -
ANSWER-False
Answers (Graded A)
Health determinants can be defined simply as factors that affect health or more formally
as a "range of personal, social, economic, and environmental factors that influence
health" both at the individual and population levels. - ANSWER-True
About what portion of the spending on health in the United States is sourced from
government (public) funds? - ANSWER-Nearly 50 percent
Compared to other Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)
countries, the United States - ANSWER-spends considerably more on health and
healthcare.
The fundamental challenge to the US healthcare services delivery system today is to
increase value to the consumer by restraining cost increases while becoming more
effective in delivering care. - ANSWER-True
Healthcare disparities are best defined as - ANSWER-differences in variables such as
access, insurance, coverage, and quality of services received.
Public policies can be defined as - ANSWER-authoritative decisions made within
government.
Policies can take the forms of laws, rules, implementation decisions, and judicial
decisions. - ANSWER-True
Primary responsibility for implementation of public laws rests with which government
branch? - ANSWER-Executive
Policies usually fall within one of two basic categories: - ANSWER-allocative or
regulatory.
Structurally and operationally, the healthcare market works very much like a perfectly
competitive economic market. - ANSWER-False
A policy described as "allocative" - ANSWER-seeks to distribute goods and resources
to one group at the expense of others.
The responsibility for promulgating rules and regulations falls primarily to which
government branch? - ANSWER-Executive
, Cases that are decided by the Supreme Court - ANSWER-cannot be appealed.
The Tenth Amendment to the US Constitution - ANSWER-gives the states powers not
specifically delegated to the United States in the Constitution.
permits the states to protect the health, safety, and welfare of its citizens.
Unlike decision makers in economic markets, decision makers in policy markets -
ANSWER-are more likely to base decisions on immediate costs and benefits.
Having influence in policy markets depends on possession of - ANSWER-legitimate and
reward power.
reward and coercive power.
expert and referent power.
Which statement most accurately describes the pluralist and/or elitist perspectives on
interest groups? - ANSWER-An elitist perspective holds that a small portion of the
population controls the nation's key institutions and most of its wealth.
Environmental health policies are - ANSWER-typically created in response to a buildup
of real-world evidence of environmental health hazards.
Social factors, such as poverty or discrimination, can and do affect health, but not as
much as biological factors such as viruses and carcinogens. - ANSWER-False
Major factors in high healthcare spending in the United States include which of the
following? - ANSWER-Technology and prescription drugs
The rise in chronic diseases and administrative costs
Only the legislative branch of government makes health policy. - ANSWER-False
Health policies affect health through an intervening set of variables called - ANSWER-
health determinants.
In the United States, many of the poor obtain their health services in a different manner
than is typical of other income groups. - ANSWER-True
The United States may spend more on healthcare than any other country in the world,
but that cost is justified by the health outcomes the United States achieves relative to
other Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development countries. - ANSWER-
False
The health system in any country can be defined fully as the government's total effort in
pursuit of health for the citizenry. - ANSWER-False
State legislatures are suppliers of health policies, but they cannot be demanders. -
ANSWER-False
