Summary Grade 12 IEB Physical Science - Organic Chemistry: Naming Compounds and Homologous Series

IAMIN

NNNNENYMNNs
↑ number longest continuos chain of carbon atoms from end nearest functional
group (longest chain determines prefix)

# of carbon prefix # of carbon
prefix
atoms atoms
I meth- 6 nex

2 eth -
7 Hept-
S ct


S
8
propo
-




but 9 non-

pent- 18 dec

· fuctional group determines the Suffix
> alkanes end in-ane (single bond,
> alkenes end in-ene (double bond)




2
. In alkenes ,
the position of double bond/s must be stated In name
, using a number

the double bond (functional group) must be given lowest number possible



RNILE 1 : It's separated from letters using dashes


5. branched hydrocarbon molecules
↳
alkyl group side-chain attached longest
:
to continuous carbon chain


alkyl group name Structural formula
H


CH3- methyl H -
-
it
HH
CH3 -




CH2- I

OR

CH5-
ethyl
H
T
I
H -

C -
H

HH H
example : I


H- -" H
-"
I
-
-




H H




-
C


-
position of name of
alkyl longest position of homologous
(methyl) carbon functional
alkyl group group series

(4) chain (6) group (2)