ILTS Practice Test

What developmental theory describes an adolescent's ability to think abstractly? a. cognitive development b. erickson's theory of development c. social cognitive theory d. dynamic systems theory - answer-a. cognitive development According to the social cognitive theory, to what does the term "perspective taking" refer? a. internalizing another person's situation b. thinking cognitively about another person's situation c. role playing d. thinking cognitively about your own situation - answer-b. thinking cognitively about another person's situation A 5-year-old boy continues to attempt to play with children who openly ridicule him and leave him out of games. His persistence with this group of children has recently resulted in a number of fights on the playground. After being referred to your office, you learn that he has an unsupportive home life. His parents were divorced last year. He lives with his mother who works at night, and he does not see his father. He is often left at home alone; however, a neighbor watches him from time to time. According to the cognitive behavior theory, what developmental skills is this child clacking? a. interpersonal skills b. abstract thinking skills c. concrete thinking skills d. self-identity - answer-a. interpersonal skills A 5-year-old boy continues to attempt to play with children who openly ridicule him and leave him out of games. His persistence with this group of children has recently resulted in a number of fights on the playground. After being referred to your office, you learn that he has an unsupportive home life. His parents were divorced last year. He lives with his mother who works at night, and he does not see his father. He is often left at home alone; however, a neighbor watches him from time to time. According to pavlov's theory of development, what would you expect to occur in terms of this child's learning and behavior? a. nothing, he would naturally continue to try to fit in b. the child would become conditioned to the negative response and avoid the situation c. the child would take cues from his social environment and act accordingly d. the child would grow out of this stage and soon make friends - answer-b. the child would become conditioned to the negative response and avoid the situation Which of the following would be a barrier to a child's mental development? a. malnutrition b. an abusive home c. a lack of family support d. all of the above - answer-d. all of the above When dealing with middle school students, it is important for a counselor to understand the developmental relationship between industry and inferiority. This is an example of a theory of development based on the work of what psychologist? a. Freud b. Piaget c. Erickson d. Bandura - answer-c. Erickson According to Piaget, what is a schema? a. information that has been taught b. a universal view of the world c. an individual's representation of something d. the visualization of a concept - answer-c. an individual's representation of something Beginning around the age of 11, children can think in logical, abstract terms. According to Piaget's theory of development, what stages does that represent? a. formal operational b. pre-operational c. concrete operational d. sensory-motor - answer-a. formal operational What is Bandura's main argument concerning behavior development? a. behavior and environment affect each other b. the ego is affected by the id and superego c. genetics is the sole cause of behavior d. behavior has no effect on the environment - answer-a. behavior and environment affect each other According to Kohlberg's theory of moral development, a student will follow school rules in order to avoid receiving detention. This is an example of what stage of moral development? a. personal reward b. law and order c. good boy-nice girl d. punishment-obedience - answer-d. punishment-obedience When a diagnostic assessment for learning needs is conducted, what factors are not considered? a. prior knowledge b. interests c. learning style preferences d. sociability - answer-d. sociability When would a formative assessment be conducted? a. prior to an intervention b. during an intervention c. after an intervention d. only if the student refuses an intervention - answer-b. during an intervention What is one explanation if a student continues to perform poorly on Summative Assessments? a. formative assessments were not properly conducted b. the intervention was successful c. the student is bored and is trying d. the assessment is too difficult - answer-a. formative assessment were not properly conducted According to Bloom's Taxonomy of Learning, what is the highest level of learning? a. evaluation b. comprehension c. application d. knowledge - answer-a. evaluation In survey type assessments, a Likert-type scale is often used. These scales use either an even or an odd number of responses. For scales using an even number of responses, there is no neutral answer, and the individual must choose either a negative or positive response. For scales using an odd number of responses, the individual has the opportunity to choose a neutral or undecided response. As a counselor, you decide to use a 5-point Likert-type scale student survey to determine your students' knowledge and use of drugs and alcohol. What is one flaw of this method that you must be aware of? a. students might not understand the scale b. students might choose the neutral selection to avoid committing to a positive or negative answer c. the method can produce unrealistic results due to social desirability factors d. none of the above - answer-c. the method can produce unrealistic results due to social desirability factors In survey type assessments, a Likert-type scale is often used. These scales use either an even or an odd number of responses. For scales using an even number of responses, there is no neutral answer, and the individual must choose either a negative or positive response. For scales using an odd number of responses, the individual has the opportunity to choose a neutral or undecided response. What is one downside to using a 4-point Likert-type scale? a. it does not provide enough choices b. it forces a student to choose either positive or negatively c. responses cannot be validated d. there are is no downside - answer-b. it forces a student to choose either positive or negatively In survey type assessments, a Likert-type scale is often used. These scales use either an even or an odd number of responses. For scales using an even number of responses, there is no neutral answer, and the individual must choose either a negative or positive response. For scales using an odd number of responses, the individual has the opportunity to choose a neutral or undecided response. A student is given a 5-point Likert-type scale and selects all neutral responses. What would a counselor determine from these results? a. the student is laid back and easy going b. the student did not want to share his own thoughts and wanted to get the assessment done as quickly as possible c. the student did not understand the task d. the student is in need of intervention for indecisiveness - answer-b. the student did not want to share his own thoughts and wanted to get the assessment done as quickly as possible What is the beneficial of continued assessments? a. student progress is montiored b. areas of weakness are identified c. learning styles and goals can be modified d. all of the above - answer-d. all of the above What is the purpose of demographic information on survey assessments? a. no real purpose b. this information should not be included c. identify differences d. identify similarities - answer-c. identify differences Pre-post tests are important tools for assessments. What is the main thing to consider when developing a pre-post test? a. who will take the test b. key ideas and concepts c. number of questions d. when to give the test - answer-b. key ideas and concepts Elementary school counselors must have a strong understand of what? a. child development b. continued education options c. relationship building d. adjustment and coping mechanisms - answer-a. child development What issues might a primary prevention group address for adolescent grief? a. grief and loss b. aggressive behaviors c. self esteem d. abuse - answer-c. self esteem Communication and conflict resolution can be taught most effectively in what type of setting? a. primary prevention group b. structured intervention group c. individual counseling d. group detentions - answer-a. primary prevention group Rather than requiring students who disobey the rules on fighting to serve a silent detention, you suggest conducting a problem-centered, structured intervention group. What issues should you focus on during this group? a. self-actualization b. aggressive behaviors c. safety d. physiological issues - answer-b. aggressive behaviors Teachers need basic safety training in school violence to learn how to keep themselves and students safe. In addition to this basic safety training, what other issues should be discussed to assist teachers in understanding problems in their schools? a. student dynamics b. basic psychology of the student involved in violence c. nonviolent reactions to student behavior d. all of the above - answer-d. all of the above In group interventions, there are typically three stages involved in the group dynamics: group formation, group awareness, and group action. What is the focus of the Group Formation stage? a. to facilitate cooperation b. to introduce all participants c. to find out why everyone is in the group d. to ask what group members hope to gain from the group - answer-a. to facilitate cooperation What is the main premise behind Solution-Focused Brief Counseling? a. serious underlying psychological problems must be addressed before counseling ca