BISC 101 Midterm UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT Answers

BISC 101 Midterm UPDATED ACTUAL
Questions and CORRECT Answers
4 classes of macromolecules - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- 1. Carbohydrates
2. Lipids
3. Proteins
4. Nucleic Acids


Define Macromolecule - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Large molecules connected by covalent
bonds


Condensation reaction - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Aka dehydration synthesis
H2O is produced
Builds molecules


Hydrolysis Reaction - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Breaks down molecules
Uses H2O


Carbs include... - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Sugars and polymers



Carbs: monomers, polymers, bonds - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Monosaccharides,
polysaccharides, glycosidic bonds


Storage polysaccharides - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Made from alpha glucose & alpha
glycosidic bonds
Glycogen (branched)
Starch: 1) amylose 2) amylopectin (branched)


Where do bonds connect on monosaccharides - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Alpha/beta 1,4
bonds
Branches go off of alpha/beta 1,6 bonds

, Structural polysaccharides - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Cellulose, chitin both branched.
Beta glucose, beta glycosidic bonds


3 most important lipids - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- 1) fats
2) phospholipids
3) steroids


How do lipids differ from other 3 major molecules? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- They do not
form polymers


Fats are made from... - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Glycerol and fatty acid chains



Bonds that join fatty acid chains to glycerol are... - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Ester bonds



Triglyceride - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- 3 fatty acid chains and a glycerol



Saturated fats (3 things) - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- 1) no double bonds
2) solid at room temp
3) tails are straight


Unsaturated fats (3 things) - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- 1) one or more double bonds
2) liquid at room temp
3) tails have kinks


Phospholipid structure - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- 2 fatty acid chains attached to a glycerol
and a phosphate group


Steroids are... - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- A carbon skeleton consisting of 4 fuses rings
Ex: estrogen, cholesterol, testosterone