HS-310 Midterm || with Error-free Solutions.
According to cognitive-developmental theory, what is a scheme? correct answers an organized
way of making sense of experience
Which learning experiences should Cheryl, a caregiver, use to promote experience-expectant
brain growth? correct answers Playing a game of peekaboo
Dr. Hahn believes that language is etched into the structure of the brain. Which perspective of
language development does Dr. Hahn endorse? correct answers Nativist
Rachel is concerned that she might accidentally suffocate her baby if she shares a bed with him.
What information can you share with Rachel about precautions taken in cultures where
cosleeping is widespread? correct answers Parents and infants usually sleep with light covering
on hard surfaces
Terry and Ahmad plan to adopt 3-year-old Oleg, who has been living in an orphanage since
birth. What should Terry and Ahmad know about early, prolonged institutionalization? correct
answers It leads to a decrease in size and activity in the cerebral cortex
Dr. Eden studies the fetus's sensitivity to external stimuli by measuring changes in fetal heart rate
when various repeated sounds are presented and then followed by a different sound. Dr. Eden is
probably using what? correct answers Habituation and Recovery
What is the process called when neurons that are seldom stimulated lose their synapses? correct
answers Synaptic Pruning
Maggi is concerned because her 8-month-old daughter has gained 10 pounds since birth and has
transformed into a round, plump baby. What can you tell Maggi about her daughter's rise in
"baby fat" ? correct answers It helps her maintain a constant body temperature
What did Piaget believe about infants and toddlers? correct answers They "think" with their eyes,
ears, and hands
Baby Olivia dropped her rattle. Later, she let go of her teething ring and watched with interest.
When Olivia dropped objects, she was __________ them to her sensorimotor dropping scheme.
correct answers Assimilating
Newborn Jackson makes poorly coordinated swipes toward his toy giraffe. What is Jackson is
using? correct answers Prereaching
An intelligence quotient (IQ) __________. correct answers indicates the extent to which the raw
score deviates from the typical performance of same-age individuals
, Herb and Nyla value make-believe as a developmentally beneficial activity. They would like to
promote their 18-month-old daughter's play. You can tell them that toddlers' make-believe is
more elaborate when __________. correct answers Adults participate
The more time caregivers and infants spend in joint play with objects, the __________. correct
answers Earlier babies use preverbal gestures
The doctor wishes to examine the functioning of 2-year-old Mia's cerebral cortex to measure
blood flow and oxygen metabolism. What is the best method for the doctor to choose? correct
answers Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS)
Six-month-old baby Greer says "bababababa." What is this an example of? correct answers
Babbling
Four-month-old Logan's parents are tracking his motor development. Which motor skill is Logan
likely to have already achieved? correct answers Grasping a cube
Every time baby Mia nurses, she is placed on a nursing pillow. Mia's mother later notices that
each time Mia is placed on the pillow, she makes sucking movements. In this example, what is
the conditioned stimulus? correct answers Placement on the pillow
Two-year-old Carmen is trying to fit pieces into a wooden puzzle form. Carmen's father helps
her turn the pieces so they fit snuggly in place. As Carmen's skill improves, her father steps back,
letting her try on her own. What concept does this example illustrate? correct answers
Scaffolding
When 12-month-old Trent's dad asks him to get his stuffed bunny, Trent looks at and points to
the pillow where the bunny usually rests. What is Trent displaying? correct answers Displaced
Reference
Paul is concerned because his 6-year-old son, Bobby, who prints using large letters and numbers.
Why is Bobby's writing large? correct answers Because he makes strokes with his entire arm
rather than just the wrist and fingers
When Maia had to learn the state capitals, she grouped the states by region to assist her memory.
Which memory strategy did Maia use? correct answers Organization
As school-age children move into adolescence, self-concept is increasingly vested in feedback
from whom? correct answers Close Friends
To help himself learn the words dog and hat, Caroline generated a mental image of a dog
wearing a hat. Which memory strategy did Caroline use? correct answers Elaboration
Natasha's parents are indulgent. As a result, she probably __________. correct answers Has
unrealistically high self-esteem
According to cognitive-developmental theory, what is a scheme? correct answers an organized
way of making sense of experience
Which learning experiences should Cheryl, a caregiver, use to promote experience-expectant
brain growth? correct answers Playing a game of peekaboo
Dr. Hahn believes that language is etched into the structure of the brain. Which perspective of
language development does Dr. Hahn endorse? correct answers Nativist
Rachel is concerned that she might accidentally suffocate her baby if she shares a bed with him.
What information can you share with Rachel about precautions taken in cultures where
cosleeping is widespread? correct answers Parents and infants usually sleep with light covering
on hard surfaces
Terry and Ahmad plan to adopt 3-year-old Oleg, who has been living in an orphanage since
birth. What should Terry and Ahmad know about early, prolonged institutionalization? correct
answers It leads to a decrease in size and activity in the cerebral cortex
Dr. Eden studies the fetus's sensitivity to external stimuli by measuring changes in fetal heart rate
when various repeated sounds are presented and then followed by a different sound. Dr. Eden is
probably using what? correct answers Habituation and Recovery
What is the process called when neurons that are seldom stimulated lose their synapses? correct
answers Synaptic Pruning
Maggi is concerned because her 8-month-old daughter has gained 10 pounds since birth and has
transformed into a round, plump baby. What can you tell Maggi about her daughter's rise in
"baby fat" ? correct answers It helps her maintain a constant body temperature
What did Piaget believe about infants and toddlers? correct answers They "think" with their eyes,
ears, and hands
Baby Olivia dropped her rattle. Later, she let go of her teething ring and watched with interest.
When Olivia dropped objects, she was __________ them to her sensorimotor dropping scheme.
correct answers Assimilating
Newborn Jackson makes poorly coordinated swipes toward his toy giraffe. What is Jackson is
using? correct answers Prereaching
An intelligence quotient (IQ) __________. correct answers indicates the extent to which the raw
score deviates from the typical performance of same-age individuals
, Herb and Nyla value make-believe as a developmentally beneficial activity. They would like to
promote their 18-month-old daughter's play. You can tell them that toddlers' make-believe is
more elaborate when __________. correct answers Adults participate
The more time caregivers and infants spend in joint play with objects, the __________. correct
answers Earlier babies use preverbal gestures
The doctor wishes to examine the functioning of 2-year-old Mia's cerebral cortex to measure
blood flow and oxygen metabolism. What is the best method for the doctor to choose? correct
answers Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS)
Six-month-old baby Greer says "bababababa." What is this an example of? correct answers
Babbling
Four-month-old Logan's parents are tracking his motor development. Which motor skill is Logan
likely to have already achieved? correct answers Grasping a cube
Every time baby Mia nurses, she is placed on a nursing pillow. Mia's mother later notices that
each time Mia is placed on the pillow, she makes sucking movements. In this example, what is
the conditioned stimulus? correct answers Placement on the pillow
Two-year-old Carmen is trying to fit pieces into a wooden puzzle form. Carmen's father helps
her turn the pieces so they fit snuggly in place. As Carmen's skill improves, her father steps back,
letting her try on her own. What concept does this example illustrate? correct answers
Scaffolding
When 12-month-old Trent's dad asks him to get his stuffed bunny, Trent looks at and points to
the pillow where the bunny usually rests. What is Trent displaying? correct answers Displaced
Reference
Paul is concerned because his 6-year-old son, Bobby, who prints using large letters and numbers.
Why is Bobby's writing large? correct answers Because he makes strokes with his entire arm
rather than just the wrist and fingers
When Maia had to learn the state capitals, she grouped the states by region to assist her memory.
Which memory strategy did Maia use? correct answers Organization
As school-age children move into adolescence, self-concept is increasingly vested in feedback
from whom? correct answers Close Friends
To help himself learn the words dog and hat, Caroline generated a mental image of a dog
wearing a hat. Which memory strategy did Caroline use? correct answers Elaboration
Natasha's parents are indulgent. As a result, she probably __________. correct answers Has
unrealistically high self-esteem
