EXPH 386 Exam 5 (pulmonary)
T OR F
The lung is the only organ (other than the heart) to receive the entire cardiac output - Answer-true
Functions of the lung: - Answer--gas exchange
-filtering (blood and air)
-captures inhaled particles
-breakdown vasoactive substances (metabolic functions)
-converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II (related to blood pressure and kidneys) (ACE in the lungs)
-bradykinin
-serotonin
-norepinephrine
-PGE2 and PGF2 alpha
-leukotrienes
-vocalizations
At rest in the lungs the O2 consumption in the lungs consumed (VO2) is approximately - Answer-250
mL/min
At rest in the lungs CO2 produced (VCO2) approximately - Answer-200 mL/min
,At rest in the lungs ventilation is approximately - Answer-5000 mL/min
At rest in the lungs cardiac output is approximately - Answer-5000 mL/min
The resting RER in the lungs is around - Answer-0.8
During exercise in the lungs VO2 is approximately - Answer-3,000 mL/min (up to 6,250 mL/min in
athletes)
During exercise in the lungs VCO2 is approximately - Answer-3,000 mL/min (up to 7,000 mL/min in
athletes)
During exercise, ventilation is - Answer-> 60,000 mL/min
During exercise cardio output is - Answer-30,000 mL/min
The right side of the lung is - Answer-3 lobes
The left side of the lung is - Answer-2 lobes
total length of the airways running in 2 lungs is - Answer-1,500 miles
23 generations bifurcate to get _________ alveoli - Answer-600 million
__________ alveolar structure gives the lung strength
,-all the fragile walls are connected - Answer-"honeycomb"
What is ficks law of diffusion? - Answer-Vgas= A/T x D x (P1-P2)
A= area of membrane
T= thickness
D= diffusion constant of gas
P= pressure (Delta p)- determines driving pressure
resistance to expansion of the lungs increases during ______ due to ___________ - Answer-inspiration
surface tension on alveoli
lipoprotein mix of phospholipids, proteins, and Ca+2 produced by alveolar epithelial cells-mixes with
fluid around alveoli - Answer-surfactant
(as surface area gets smaller, you dont need superfactant as much)
-disrupts and lowers surface tension
-reduces energy needed for alveolar inflation/deflation
-w none of this, small aveoli collapse - Answer-Surfactant
Law of Laplace: - Answer-pressure (p)= 4 x surface tension (t)/
radius (r)
Lungs are highly vascularized to allow for gas exchange: - Answer-1) receives the entire cardiac output
2) red blood cell (RBC) transit time in lung capillaries is approximately 0.75 seconds (0.25 seconds with
exercise)
, air moves INTO the lungs - Answer-inspiration
primary muscle of ventilation is - Answer-diaphragm
At rest in ventilation, the diaphragm _______ an moves ______ approximately 10 cm which
___________ volume allowing negative pressure to come in - Answer-contracts
moves down
increases
Air moves into the lung due to the __________ - Answer-Universal Gas Law (PV= nRT)
-simplified: PV=t
If temperature is constant... - Answer-pressure and volume are inversely related (BOYLES LAW) = higher
pressure and a lower volume equals K
air is forced into the lungs until - Answer-PI=PA
Air moves to the atmosphere - Answer-expiration
At rest and during light exercise, respiratory muscles are normally - Answer-passive
(inspiration muscles relax - diaphragm)
(lung is elastic- stretched lung tissue recoils)
During heavy exercise respiratory muscles are - Answer-active
(internal intercostals)
(abdominal muscles assist- tighten up muscles (expiration))
T OR F
The lung is the only organ (other than the heart) to receive the entire cardiac output - Answer-true
Functions of the lung: - Answer--gas exchange
-filtering (blood and air)
-captures inhaled particles
-breakdown vasoactive substances (metabolic functions)
-converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II (related to blood pressure and kidneys) (ACE in the lungs)
-bradykinin
-serotonin
-norepinephrine
-PGE2 and PGF2 alpha
-leukotrienes
-vocalizations
At rest in the lungs the O2 consumption in the lungs consumed (VO2) is approximately - Answer-250
mL/min
At rest in the lungs CO2 produced (VCO2) approximately - Answer-200 mL/min
,At rest in the lungs ventilation is approximately - Answer-5000 mL/min
At rest in the lungs cardiac output is approximately - Answer-5000 mL/min
The resting RER in the lungs is around - Answer-0.8
During exercise in the lungs VO2 is approximately - Answer-3,000 mL/min (up to 6,250 mL/min in
athletes)
During exercise in the lungs VCO2 is approximately - Answer-3,000 mL/min (up to 7,000 mL/min in
athletes)
During exercise, ventilation is - Answer-> 60,000 mL/min
During exercise cardio output is - Answer-30,000 mL/min
The right side of the lung is - Answer-3 lobes
The left side of the lung is - Answer-2 lobes
total length of the airways running in 2 lungs is - Answer-1,500 miles
23 generations bifurcate to get _________ alveoli - Answer-600 million
__________ alveolar structure gives the lung strength
,-all the fragile walls are connected - Answer-"honeycomb"
What is ficks law of diffusion? - Answer-Vgas= A/T x D x (P1-P2)
A= area of membrane
T= thickness
D= diffusion constant of gas
P= pressure (Delta p)- determines driving pressure
resistance to expansion of the lungs increases during ______ due to ___________ - Answer-inspiration
surface tension on alveoli
lipoprotein mix of phospholipids, proteins, and Ca+2 produced by alveolar epithelial cells-mixes with
fluid around alveoli - Answer-surfactant
(as surface area gets smaller, you dont need superfactant as much)
-disrupts and lowers surface tension
-reduces energy needed for alveolar inflation/deflation
-w none of this, small aveoli collapse - Answer-Surfactant
Law of Laplace: - Answer-pressure (p)= 4 x surface tension (t)/
radius (r)
Lungs are highly vascularized to allow for gas exchange: - Answer-1) receives the entire cardiac output
2) red blood cell (RBC) transit time in lung capillaries is approximately 0.75 seconds (0.25 seconds with
exercise)
, air moves INTO the lungs - Answer-inspiration
primary muscle of ventilation is - Answer-diaphragm
At rest in ventilation, the diaphragm _______ an moves ______ approximately 10 cm which
___________ volume allowing negative pressure to come in - Answer-contracts
moves down
increases
Air moves into the lung due to the __________ - Answer-Universal Gas Law (PV= nRT)
-simplified: PV=t
If temperature is constant... - Answer-pressure and volume are inversely related (BOYLES LAW) = higher
pressure and a lower volume equals K
air is forced into the lungs until - Answer-PI=PA
Air moves to the atmosphere - Answer-expiration
At rest and during light exercise, respiratory muscles are normally - Answer-passive
(inspiration muscles relax - diaphragm)
(lung is elastic- stretched lung tissue recoils)
During heavy exercise respiratory muscles are - Answer-active
(internal intercostals)
(abdominal muscles assist- tighten up muscles (expiration))
