NUR 328 Exam 3 (UAB) Questions with Correct
Answers.
active immunity - A form of acquired immunity in which the body produces its own
antibodies against disease-causing antigens.
antitoxin - antibodies against a specific toxin
Antivenins - immune sera that contain antibodies to specific venins produced by
poisonous snakes or spiders; may prevent the venom from causing cell death
passive immunity - the short-term immunity that results from the introduction of antibodies
from another person or animal.
Acquired active immunity - -life long
-own antibodies
-natural or artificial
natural active acquired immunity - Exposure to infectious agent
Artificial active acquired immunity - Immunizations
acquired passive immunity - -ready-made antibodies
-natural or artificial
natural passive acquired immunity - maternal antibodies
Artificial passive acquired immunity - Antibodies from other sources
innate immunity - Immunity that is present before exposure and effective from birth.
Responds to a broad range of pathogens.
herd immunity - The indirect protection from a contagious infectious disease that happens
when a population is immune either through vaccination or immunity developed through
previous infections; *70-90% of the population must be vaccinated to work*
,Influenza injection - -non-active
-indicated for *breastfeeding mothers and their infants*
-2 years and older
-CI in persons with anaphylactic reaction to eggs
Influenza intranasal - -consists of a live but attenuated and heat unstable form of virus
-virus instilled in the nasal mucosa replicate, thus producing immunity in the host
-unknown whether transmitted via breast milk, but *not recommended in
pregnant/lactating women* due to unknowns
-CI in persons with anaphylactic reaction to eggs
Tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis vaccine - -includes a combo of two or three
components
-recommended to receive as a child then boosters as an adult
-booster doses further stimulate antibody production
-can receive while pregnant
Measles, Mumps, Rubella (MMR) vaccine dosing - -first dose: 12-15 months
-second dose: 4-6 years
Measles, Mumps, Rubella (MMR) vaccine CI - -pregnancy
-severe immunodeficiency or immune suppression
-anaphylactic reaction to neomycin
-concurrent corticosteroid use
Measles, Mumps, Rubella (MMR) vaccine caution - -acute illness
-history of seizures
-pt received blood products in the past 3-11 months
Varicella Zoster vaccine - -live vaccine
-first dose: 12-15 months
,-second dose: 4-6 years
Varicella zoster vaccine CI - -pregnancy
-persons with anaphylactic reaction to *gelatin or neomycin8
-immunosuppression
-pt has received blood product within the last 3-11 months
Varicella zoster vaccine caution - -acute illness
-thrombocytopenia
Rotavirus vaccine - -live attenuated virus
-1st dose before 15 weeks of age
-all doses received before 8 months of age; at least 4, but no more than 10 months
between doses
Rotavirus vaccine CI - -severe immunodeficiency
-history of intussusception
Rotavirus - A viral illness that causes diarrhea; most serious in kids under 2 years of age;
most common in winter and spring; spreads easily through contact with infected stool
Rotavirus symptoms - -severe, watery diarrhea
-vomiting
-fever
-upset stomach
-black or bloody stools
-slow to move or does not respond
Human Papillomavirus (HPV) - -most common STI
-Gardasil effect against some strains
-vaccine recommended for females 9-26; 3 injection series; pelvic exams/pap smears as
recommended
, Geriatric considerations: vaccines - -zoster for shingles (same virus as varicella)
-pneumonia
-influenza
-pertussis
Vaccinations therapeutic action - -stimulate active immunity for high risk development of a
disease
-generally life-long
Vaccines CI - -history of febrile convulsions
-presence of acute infection
-if not administered on the same day, live vaccines should be separated by ≥4 weeks
Vaccines adverse reaction - Inflammatory reaction and/or injection site
Vaccines DI - Should not be given with any immunosuppressant drugs, including
corticosteroid, which could alter the body's response to the vaccine
Vaccine admin location for children <2 - vastus lateralis
Vaccines NI - -emergency equipment nearby
-rule out an acute/active infection prior to admin
-education to caregiver r/t supportive care and comfort measures (no ASA for peds)
-call provider if: seizure, anything other than mild discomfort, adverse effects last more
than a few days
-education: comfort measures, booster shots, importance of keeping a written record of
immunizations
Immune sera, antitoxin, and antivenin - Solution containing antibodies to a specific
bacteria/virus
Immune globulin - -RhoGAM for mothers that are Rh-
-rabies
-tetanus
Answers.
active immunity - A form of acquired immunity in which the body produces its own
antibodies against disease-causing antigens.
antitoxin - antibodies against a specific toxin
Antivenins - immune sera that contain antibodies to specific venins produced by
poisonous snakes or spiders; may prevent the venom from causing cell death
passive immunity - the short-term immunity that results from the introduction of antibodies
from another person or animal.
Acquired active immunity - -life long
-own antibodies
-natural or artificial
natural active acquired immunity - Exposure to infectious agent
Artificial active acquired immunity - Immunizations
acquired passive immunity - -ready-made antibodies
-natural or artificial
natural passive acquired immunity - maternal antibodies
Artificial passive acquired immunity - Antibodies from other sources
innate immunity - Immunity that is present before exposure and effective from birth.
Responds to a broad range of pathogens.
herd immunity - The indirect protection from a contagious infectious disease that happens
when a population is immune either through vaccination or immunity developed through
previous infections; *70-90% of the population must be vaccinated to work*
,Influenza injection - -non-active
-indicated for *breastfeeding mothers and their infants*
-2 years and older
-CI in persons with anaphylactic reaction to eggs
Influenza intranasal - -consists of a live but attenuated and heat unstable form of virus
-virus instilled in the nasal mucosa replicate, thus producing immunity in the host
-unknown whether transmitted via breast milk, but *not recommended in
pregnant/lactating women* due to unknowns
-CI in persons with anaphylactic reaction to eggs
Tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis vaccine - -includes a combo of two or three
components
-recommended to receive as a child then boosters as an adult
-booster doses further stimulate antibody production
-can receive while pregnant
Measles, Mumps, Rubella (MMR) vaccine dosing - -first dose: 12-15 months
-second dose: 4-6 years
Measles, Mumps, Rubella (MMR) vaccine CI - -pregnancy
-severe immunodeficiency or immune suppression
-anaphylactic reaction to neomycin
-concurrent corticosteroid use
Measles, Mumps, Rubella (MMR) vaccine caution - -acute illness
-history of seizures
-pt received blood products in the past 3-11 months
Varicella Zoster vaccine - -live vaccine
-first dose: 12-15 months
,-second dose: 4-6 years
Varicella zoster vaccine CI - -pregnancy
-persons with anaphylactic reaction to *gelatin or neomycin8
-immunosuppression
-pt has received blood product within the last 3-11 months
Varicella zoster vaccine caution - -acute illness
-thrombocytopenia
Rotavirus vaccine - -live attenuated virus
-1st dose before 15 weeks of age
-all doses received before 8 months of age; at least 4, but no more than 10 months
between doses
Rotavirus vaccine CI - -severe immunodeficiency
-history of intussusception
Rotavirus - A viral illness that causes diarrhea; most serious in kids under 2 years of age;
most common in winter and spring; spreads easily through contact with infected stool
Rotavirus symptoms - -severe, watery diarrhea
-vomiting
-fever
-upset stomach
-black or bloody stools
-slow to move or does not respond
Human Papillomavirus (HPV) - -most common STI
-Gardasil effect against some strains
-vaccine recommended for females 9-26; 3 injection series; pelvic exams/pap smears as
recommended
, Geriatric considerations: vaccines - -zoster for shingles (same virus as varicella)
-pneumonia
-influenza
-pertussis
Vaccinations therapeutic action - -stimulate active immunity for high risk development of a
disease
-generally life-long
Vaccines CI - -history of febrile convulsions
-presence of acute infection
-if not administered on the same day, live vaccines should be separated by ≥4 weeks
Vaccines adverse reaction - Inflammatory reaction and/or injection site
Vaccines DI - Should not be given with any immunosuppressant drugs, including
corticosteroid, which could alter the body's response to the vaccine
Vaccine admin location for children <2 - vastus lateralis
Vaccines NI - -emergency equipment nearby
-rule out an acute/active infection prior to admin
-education to caregiver r/t supportive care and comfort measures (no ASA for peds)
-call provider if: seizure, anything other than mild discomfort, adverse effects last more
than a few days
-education: comfort measures, booster shots, importance of keeping a written record of
immunizations
Immune sera, antitoxin, and antivenin - Solution containing antibodies to a specific
bacteria/virus
Immune globulin - -RhoGAM for mothers that are Rh-
-rabies
-tetanus
