ECPI BIO 111: EXAM CHAPTER 8,9,10,11
QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS
•Held together with dense connective tissue containing many collagen fibers
•Found in bones in close contact - Answer-fibrous joints
3 types of fibrous joints: - Answer-•Syndesmosis
•Suture
•Gomphosis
•Bones bound by a sheet of dense connective tissue (interosseous membrane) or a
bundle of dense connective tissue (interosseous ligament) - Answer-syndesmosis
•Thin layer of connective tissue (sutural ligament) connects bones - Answer-suture
Cone-shaped bony process in a socket - Answer-gomphosis
2 types of cartilaginous joints - Answer-•Synchondrosis
•Symphysis
Bands of hyaline cartilage unite bones - Answer-synchondrosis
•Joint between bodies of adjacent vertebrae (intervertebral discs) - Answer-Symphysis;
Amphiarthrotic
•All are diarthrotic joints - Answer-Synovial Joints
•Hip, shoulder - Answer-ball and socket
•Oval condyle fits into elliptical cavity
•Joints between metacarpals and phalanges - Answer-condylar
•Almost flat, or slightly curved
Wrist and ankle joints - Answer-plane joints
•Convex surface fits into concave surface of other bone
•Elbow, joints between phalanges - Answer-hinge joint
•Atlas- first vertebrae (C1) and dens of axis- second (C2)
•Cylindrical surface rotates within ring of other bone - Answer-pivot joints
•Both bones have concave and convex surfaces
, •Carpal and metacarpal of thumb - Answer-saddle joints
Relatively fixed end of a skeletal muscle - Answer-origin
More movable end of a skeletal muscle - Answer-insertion
•Bending of parts at a joint - Answer-flexion
Straightening of parts at a joint - Answer-extension
Extension beyond normal anatomical position - Answer-hyperextension
•Bending to the side - Answer-lateral flexion
Moving a part of body toward midline - Answer-adduction
Moving a part of body away from midline - Answer-abduction
Ankle movement which points toes upward - Answer-dorsiflexion
Ankle movement which points toes downward - Answer-plantar flexion
Movement of a part of body in circular path - Answer-circumduction
Movement of limb so anterior surface moves toward midline - Answer-medial rotation
Movement of limb so anterior surface moves away from midline - Answer-lateral rotation
•Forearm rotation so palm faces upward or forward, or lying down face up (supine) -
Answer-supination
Forearm rotation so palm faces downward or backward, or lying down face down
(prone) - Answer-pronation
Turning of foot so plantar surface faces midline - Answer-inversion
• Turning of foot so plantar surface faces away from midline - Answer-eversion
Movement of a body part forward - Answer-protraction
Movement of a body part backward - Answer-retraction
Raising a body part - Answer-elevation
Lowering a body part - Answer-depression
QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS
•Held together with dense connective tissue containing many collagen fibers
•Found in bones in close contact - Answer-fibrous joints
3 types of fibrous joints: - Answer-•Syndesmosis
•Suture
•Gomphosis
•Bones bound by a sheet of dense connective tissue (interosseous membrane) or a
bundle of dense connective tissue (interosseous ligament) - Answer-syndesmosis
•Thin layer of connective tissue (sutural ligament) connects bones - Answer-suture
Cone-shaped bony process in a socket - Answer-gomphosis
2 types of cartilaginous joints - Answer-•Synchondrosis
•Symphysis
Bands of hyaline cartilage unite bones - Answer-synchondrosis
•Joint between bodies of adjacent vertebrae (intervertebral discs) - Answer-Symphysis;
Amphiarthrotic
•All are diarthrotic joints - Answer-Synovial Joints
•Hip, shoulder - Answer-ball and socket
•Oval condyle fits into elliptical cavity
•Joints between metacarpals and phalanges - Answer-condylar
•Almost flat, or slightly curved
Wrist and ankle joints - Answer-plane joints
•Convex surface fits into concave surface of other bone
•Elbow, joints between phalanges - Answer-hinge joint
•Atlas- first vertebrae (C1) and dens of axis- second (C2)
•Cylindrical surface rotates within ring of other bone - Answer-pivot joints
•Both bones have concave and convex surfaces
, •Carpal and metacarpal of thumb - Answer-saddle joints
Relatively fixed end of a skeletal muscle - Answer-origin
More movable end of a skeletal muscle - Answer-insertion
•Bending of parts at a joint - Answer-flexion
Straightening of parts at a joint - Answer-extension
Extension beyond normal anatomical position - Answer-hyperextension
•Bending to the side - Answer-lateral flexion
Moving a part of body toward midline - Answer-adduction
Moving a part of body away from midline - Answer-abduction
Ankle movement which points toes upward - Answer-dorsiflexion
Ankle movement which points toes downward - Answer-plantar flexion
Movement of a part of body in circular path - Answer-circumduction
Movement of limb so anterior surface moves toward midline - Answer-medial rotation
Movement of limb so anterior surface moves away from midline - Answer-lateral rotation
•Forearm rotation so palm faces upward or forward, or lying down face up (supine) -
Answer-supination
Forearm rotation so palm faces downward or backward, or lying down face down
(prone) - Answer-pronation
Turning of foot so plantar surface faces midline - Answer-inversion
• Turning of foot so plantar surface faces away from midline - Answer-eversion
Movement of a body part forward - Answer-protraction
Movement of a body part backward - Answer-retraction
Raising a body part - Answer-elevation
Lowering a body part - Answer-depression
