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Samenvatting Psychiatrie een inleiding 8ste editie Nevid,Rathus en Greend

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Samenvatting van het complete boek. ik heb mijn toetsen met deze samenvatting de eerste keer gehaald. Doe er je voordeel mee.

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,
,Hoofdstuk 1 Introductie........................................................................................ 13

1.1 Inleiding...................................................................................................... 13

1.2 Definiëren van afwijkend gedrag.................................................................13

1.2.1 Criteria voor abnormaliteit....................................................................13

1.2.2 Culturele aspecten voor afwijkend gedrag............................................14

1.3 Historische visies op afwijkend gedrag........................................................14

1.3.1 Hippocrates........................................................................................... 14

1.3.2 Exorcisme en heksenvervolging............................................................14

1.3.3 Gekkenhuizen....................................................................................... 15

1.3.4 Vanaf 1800 hervormingen.....................................................................15

1.3.5 Anti psychiatrische beweging...............................................................15

1.3.6 Evidence based medicine.....................................................................15

Hoofdstuk 2 Visies op oorzaak en gevolg van psychische stoornissen.................17

2.1 Inleiding...................................................................................................... 17

2.2 Het biologische perspectief.........................................................................17

2.2.1 Het zenuwstelsel................................................................................... 17

2.3 Het psychologisch perspectief....................................................................20

2.3.1 Psychodynamische modellen (Freud)....................................................20

2.3.2 Leermodellen........................................................................................ 21

2.3.3 Cognitieve modellen (Ellis en Beck)......................................................21

2.3.4 Humanistische modellen.......................................................................22

2.4 Het sociaal-culturele perspectief.................................................................22

2.5 Het biopsychosociaal perspectief................................................................22

2.5.1 Het diathese model............................................................................... 22

Hoofdstuk 3 Classificatie en beoordeling van afwijkende emoties, gedachten en
gedrag.................................................................................................................. 25

3.1 Inleiding...................................................................................................... 25

3.2 Classificatie van afwijkende gedragspatronen............................................25

, 3.2.1 DSM IV en modellen afhankelijksheidsgedrag.......................................25

3.3 Kenmerken van de DSM-IV..........................................................................25

3.3.1 Evaluatie van het DSM systeem............................................................26

3.3.2 Voor en nadelen van het DSM systeem.................................................27

3.4 Beoordelingsmethoden............................................................................... 27

3.4.1 Het klinische interview..........................................................................27

Interviewvormen............................................................................................ 27

3.4.2 Psychologische test............................................................................... 28

Intelligentietests............................................................................................ 28

Zelfbeoordelingsvragenlijst............................................................................28

Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI-2)..................................28

Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory (MCMI).....................................................28

Evaluatie van zelfbeoordelingsvragenlijsten..................................................29

3.4.3 Neuropsychologische beoordeling........................................................29

De Bender Visual Motor Gestalt test..............................................................29

De Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychologische batterij.........................................29

De Luria-Nebraska Neuropsychologische batterij...........................................29

3.4.4 Gedragsbeoordeling.............................................................................. 29

Zelfwaarneming............................................................................................. 29

Cognitieve beoordeling.................................................................................. 29

3.4.5 Fysiologische beoordeling en beeldvormende technieken....................29

Technieken om de hersenen in beeld te brengen...........................................30

Hoofdstuk 4 Behandelmethoden voor psychische stoornissen.............................31

4.1 Inleiding...................................................................................................... 31

4.2 Soorten hulpverleners................................................................................. 31

4.3 Psychotherapie (meest voorkomende behandelvormen)............................31

4.3.1 Psychoanalyse & psychodynamische therapie......................................31

4.3.2 Humanistische therapie........................................................................32

, 4.3.3 Gedragstherapie................................................................................... 32

4.3.4 Cognitieve therapie............................................................................... 32

4.3.5 Cognitieve gedragstherapie..................................................................32

4.3.6 Groeps-, gezins- en relatietherapie.......................................................33

4.3.7 Evaluatie van psychotherapeutische methoden...................................33

4.3.8 Etnische aspecten van psychotherapie.................................................33

4.4 Biologisch georiënteerde therapieën...........................................................34

4.4.1 Medicatie.............................................................................................. 34

4.4.2 Andere biologische interventies............................................................34

Hoofdstuk 5 Stress, psychologische factoren en de invloed op gezondheid.........37

5.1 Inleiding...................................................................................................... 37

5.1.1 Stress.................................................................................................... 37

5.2 Aanpassingstoornissen................................................................................ 37

5.3 Stress en ziekte........................................................................................... 37

5.3.1 Stress en de hypothalamus-hypofyse-bijnier-as....................................37

5.3.2 Stress en het immuunsysteem..............................................................37

5.3.3 Het algemeen aanpassingsyndroom (Selye).........................................37

5.3.4 Acculturatieve stress...........................................................................37

5.3.5 Psychologische factoren die stress verlichten.......................................38

5.4 Psychologische factoren en lichamelijke factoren.......................................38

5.4.1 Maagzweren; wel of niet psychosomatisch?.........................................38

5.4.2 Hoofdpijn............................................................................................... 38

5.4.3 Hart- en vaatziekten (doodsoorzaak nummer 1)...................................38

5.4.4 Kanker................................................................................................... 39

Hoofdstuk 6 Stoornissen die ontstaan in de kindertijd en adolescentie...............41

6.1 Inleiding...................................................................................................... 41

6.2 Prevalentie van geestelijke gezondheidsproblemen bij kinderen en
adolescenten..................................................................................................... 41

6.2.1 Risicofactoren voor jeugdstoornissen zijn:............................................41

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