Test One Review : Construction Methods and Materials
What are the four main types of construction projects?
Explain the main characteristics of each type.
1. Heavy construction and infrastructure:
Primarily made up of highways, hemming weighs, dart stations , ect ; essentially transportation
systems
2. Residential:
can include single or multi level family homes; private and low capital
also hotels
3. Commercial:
Public spaces like schools, hospitals, and malls or private company offices/ buildings
4. Industrial:
mostly constructed by high construction firms , may include factories/warehouses and power plants.
What are the main design phases of construction projects?
hint SD-DD-CD
List in order + explain each.
1. Schematic Design Stage ( SD)
- overall design concept
- design documentation primarily for the owner
- emphasis on design
2.Design Development (DD) Stage
- Schematic design developed to bigger detail considering constructability , cost , ect
- Design documentation primarily for design team members
- Emphasis on finalizing design decisions
>> Approval of DD docs by owner to move to CD stage
3. Construction Document (CD) Stage:
- Design finalized to nut and bolt level and construction documents are prepared
- Design documentation primarily for construction team
, - Emphasis on collaboration between design team members
>> approval of CD docs by owner to move to preconstruction phase
Who has the main responsibility for selecting materials and finishes for a project ?
The architect/ designer primarily with input from the owner and contractor.
( The owner will input the appearance and or performance , and the contractor will provide cost,
availability & constructability details )
What are the main constraints under which the designers must choose building systems ?
- Physical Limitations:
include available land , soil bearing capacity, structural span
limitations, building material performance
- Code and legal restrictions
- Budget.
Explain what zoning ordinance is and what subjects they cover, which organization produces it ?
Zoning ordinances control land use , and is imposed by local authorities majorly. It refers to regulations
that pertain mainly to the use of land within the city and includes the zoning text and map of the city
- Subjects covered are:
property use, types of activities, setbacks, land covered, distance to property lines, building height and
size, access & parking, and construction activities.
planning dept
Who does have the primary responsibility for selecting construction means and methods and has
overall responsibility for safety on a construction site?
The Contractor
a. What is the primary purpose of building codes ?
b. what types of subjects are covered by building codes?
a. provides minimal construction standards for the protection of life, health, and welfare of the public
b. subjects include the issues of ..
- fire safety, emergency egress, construction quality, structural integrity , and others including....
energy conservation, accessibility for the handicapped and sustainability.
What are the four main types of construction projects?
Explain the main characteristics of each type.
1. Heavy construction and infrastructure:
Primarily made up of highways, hemming weighs, dart stations , ect ; essentially transportation
systems
2. Residential:
can include single or multi level family homes; private and low capital
also hotels
3. Commercial:
Public spaces like schools, hospitals, and malls or private company offices/ buildings
4. Industrial:
mostly constructed by high construction firms , may include factories/warehouses and power plants.
What are the main design phases of construction projects?
hint SD-DD-CD
List in order + explain each.
1. Schematic Design Stage ( SD)
- overall design concept
- design documentation primarily for the owner
- emphasis on design
2.Design Development (DD) Stage
- Schematic design developed to bigger detail considering constructability , cost , ect
- Design documentation primarily for design team members
- Emphasis on finalizing design decisions
>> Approval of DD docs by owner to move to CD stage
3. Construction Document (CD) Stage:
- Design finalized to nut and bolt level and construction documents are prepared
- Design documentation primarily for construction team
, - Emphasis on collaboration between design team members
>> approval of CD docs by owner to move to preconstruction phase
Who has the main responsibility for selecting materials and finishes for a project ?
The architect/ designer primarily with input from the owner and contractor.
( The owner will input the appearance and or performance , and the contractor will provide cost,
availability & constructability details )
What are the main constraints under which the designers must choose building systems ?
- Physical Limitations:
include available land , soil bearing capacity, structural span
limitations, building material performance
- Code and legal restrictions
- Budget.
Explain what zoning ordinance is and what subjects they cover, which organization produces it ?
Zoning ordinances control land use , and is imposed by local authorities majorly. It refers to regulations
that pertain mainly to the use of land within the city and includes the zoning text and map of the city
- Subjects covered are:
property use, types of activities, setbacks, land covered, distance to property lines, building height and
size, access & parking, and construction activities.
planning dept
Who does have the primary responsibility for selecting construction means and methods and has
overall responsibility for safety on a construction site?
The Contractor
a. What is the primary purpose of building codes ?
b. what types of subjects are covered by building codes?
a. provides minimal construction standards for the protection of life, health, and welfare of the public
b. subjects include the issues of ..
- fire safety, emergency egress, construction quality, structural integrity , and others including....
energy conservation, accessibility for the handicapped and sustainability.
