AANP- Walden (Endocrinology)
Hyperthyroidism/ grave's disease: Clinical presentation - Answer-goiter, palpitation, cardiovascular
symptoms (AFIB), insomnia, menstrual irregularities, diaphoresis, heat intolerance, anxiety, night
sweats, blurred vision, lid lag, photophobia, double vision, diarrhea,
tremors, weight loss, exophthalmos (bulging eyes), soft hair and nails
Hyperthyroidism/ grave's disease: Diagnostic testing - Answer-elevated t4, t3,
Dx TSH, thyroid panel, antibody test
TSH is low <.5 t4, t3 is high
Hyperthyroidism/ grave's disease: Treatment - Answer-TX PTU propylthiouracil, methimazole Tapazole,
Radioactive iodine, RAI, BB for initial tachycardia, palpitations or tremors
Hyperthyroidism/ grave's disease: Complications - Answer-(complications:thyroid storm (life
threatening), HF, visual disturbance)
long term effects- heart disease,
osteoporosis, mental illness, infertility.
, Hypothyroidism: define - Answer-Hashimoto's thyroiditis produces antibodies to destroy thyroid gland
Hypothyroidism: clinical presentation - Answer-lethargy, weight, gain, cold intolerance, constipation,
heavy menses, myalgia, muscle
cramps, headaches, weakness, dry skin, coarse hair, loss of lateral eyebrows, , alopecia,
hoarseness, slight impairment of menta ability, depression, decreased libido, hypersomnia, thickened
tongue, delayed deep tendon reflexes, middle aged woman, constipation, intolerance to cold, menstrual
irregularities, memory loss, muscle cramps, coarse dry skin, hair loss, brittle nails, bradycardia, anemia,
side effect swollen fingers,
hyperlipidemia
Hypothyroidism: treatment - Answer-TX: Synthroid 25-50mcg, half for elderly recheck 6-8 weeks
Hypothyroidism: diagnostic testing - Answer-low T3 and T4 with and increase in the TSH. elevated TSH
>.5 t4, t3, low
Dx tsh, tsh with t4, order TPO's antibody test to confirm diagnosis,
Hypothyroidism: complications - Answer-hyperlipidemia, complications osteoporosis/penia, mental
retardation, myxedema coma, can lead to ovulation dysfunction and infertility.
Hypothyroidism and PCOS normally include increased serum free testosterone, luteinizing hormone
(LH), and high cholesterol.
Subclinical hypothyroidism - Answer-elevated TSH, normal T4
thyroid function is inadequate but increased TSH maintains T4 levels within normal range; elevated LDL
levels
Hyperthyroidism/ grave's disease: Clinical presentation - Answer-goiter, palpitation, cardiovascular
symptoms (AFIB), insomnia, menstrual irregularities, diaphoresis, heat intolerance, anxiety, night
sweats, blurred vision, lid lag, photophobia, double vision, diarrhea,
tremors, weight loss, exophthalmos (bulging eyes), soft hair and nails
Hyperthyroidism/ grave's disease: Diagnostic testing - Answer-elevated t4, t3,
Dx TSH, thyroid panel, antibody test
TSH is low <.5 t4, t3 is high
Hyperthyroidism/ grave's disease: Treatment - Answer-TX PTU propylthiouracil, methimazole Tapazole,
Radioactive iodine, RAI, BB for initial tachycardia, palpitations or tremors
Hyperthyroidism/ grave's disease: Complications - Answer-(complications:thyroid storm (life
threatening), HF, visual disturbance)
long term effects- heart disease,
osteoporosis, mental illness, infertility.
, Hypothyroidism: define - Answer-Hashimoto's thyroiditis produces antibodies to destroy thyroid gland
Hypothyroidism: clinical presentation - Answer-lethargy, weight, gain, cold intolerance, constipation,
heavy menses, myalgia, muscle
cramps, headaches, weakness, dry skin, coarse hair, loss of lateral eyebrows, , alopecia,
hoarseness, slight impairment of menta ability, depression, decreased libido, hypersomnia, thickened
tongue, delayed deep tendon reflexes, middle aged woman, constipation, intolerance to cold, menstrual
irregularities, memory loss, muscle cramps, coarse dry skin, hair loss, brittle nails, bradycardia, anemia,
side effect swollen fingers,
hyperlipidemia
Hypothyroidism: treatment - Answer-TX: Synthroid 25-50mcg, half for elderly recheck 6-8 weeks
Hypothyroidism: diagnostic testing - Answer-low T3 and T4 with and increase in the TSH. elevated TSH
>.5 t4, t3, low
Dx tsh, tsh with t4, order TPO's antibody test to confirm diagnosis,
Hypothyroidism: complications - Answer-hyperlipidemia, complications osteoporosis/penia, mental
retardation, myxedema coma, can lead to ovulation dysfunction and infertility.
Hypothyroidism and PCOS normally include increased serum free testosterone, luteinizing hormone
(LH), and high cholesterol.
Subclinical hypothyroidism - Answer-elevated TSH, normal T4
thyroid function is inadequate but increased TSH maintains T4 levels within normal range; elevated LDL
levels
