Mastering Biology Chapter 42 Questions
To control breathing, the medulla of the human brain monitors the ? of the blood and
then sends out signals so that appropriate physiological adjustments can be made. –
answer pH
Which of the following statements correctly describes some of the differences between
arteries and veins? - answer the walls of arteries are much thicker and stronger than the
walls of veins
What happens when the CO2 level from cellular respiration increases in the blood? -
answer a decrease in the pH of the cerebrospinal fluid triggers the brain's breathing
control centers, which stimulate the diaphragm and rib muscle contractions
What is the physiological cause of a heart attack? - answer a blood clot lodging in a
blood vessel supplying the heart
Why do larger animals, such as a bullfrog, require a circulatory system, but animals
such as a planarian do not? - answer diffusion is inadequate to move gases through the
body surface and into all parts of a larger animal body; however, diffusion alone s
sufficient to move gases in and out of the thin body of a planarian
Which of the following maximizes gas exchange in the gills of a bony fish? - answer
countercurrent exchange
All of the following increases blood pressure except? - answer vasodilation; lower total
cross-sectional area of blood vessels, ventricular contraction, endothelia, and
vasoconstriction increase blood pressure
Patients with leukemia, a type of cancer that affects the blood, often exhibit suppresses
immunity and problems with blood clotting. Based on these two symptoms, which
components of the blood are affected by this type of cancer? - answer platelets and
leukocytes
Which of the following is an example of a portal vein? - answer a blood vessel carrying
blood from the stomach to the liver
Which of the following is a function of the circulatory system? - answer transporting
nutrients
All of the following statements are correct regarding respiratory surfaces except which
one? - answer respiratory surfaces must be dry
To control breathing, the medulla of the human brain monitors the ? of the blood and
then sends out signals so that appropriate physiological adjustments can be made. –
answer pH
Which of the following statements correctly describes some of the differences between
arteries and veins? - answer the walls of arteries are much thicker and stronger than the
walls of veins
What happens when the CO2 level from cellular respiration increases in the blood? -
answer a decrease in the pH of the cerebrospinal fluid triggers the brain's breathing
control centers, which stimulate the diaphragm and rib muscle contractions
What is the physiological cause of a heart attack? - answer a blood clot lodging in a
blood vessel supplying the heart
Why do larger animals, such as a bullfrog, require a circulatory system, but animals
such as a planarian do not? - answer diffusion is inadequate to move gases through the
body surface and into all parts of a larger animal body; however, diffusion alone s
sufficient to move gases in and out of the thin body of a planarian
Which of the following maximizes gas exchange in the gills of a bony fish? - answer
countercurrent exchange
All of the following increases blood pressure except? - answer vasodilation; lower total
cross-sectional area of blood vessels, ventricular contraction, endothelia, and
vasoconstriction increase blood pressure
Patients with leukemia, a type of cancer that affects the blood, often exhibit suppresses
immunity and problems with blood clotting. Based on these two symptoms, which
components of the blood are affected by this type of cancer? - answer platelets and
leukocytes
Which of the following is an example of a portal vein? - answer a blood vessel carrying
blood from the stomach to the liver
Which of the following is a function of the circulatory system? - answer transporting
nutrients
All of the following statements are correct regarding respiratory surfaces except which
one? - answer respiratory surfaces must be dry
