F&E Grade A fully answered
A client who is NPO prior to surgery reports feeling thirsty. What is the physiologic
process that drives the thirst factor?
(a) decreased blood volume and intracellular dehydration
(b) increased blood volume and intracellular dehydration
(c) increased blood volume and extracellular overhydration
(d) decreased blood volume and extracellular overhydration - (correct answer)a
A client's most recent blood work indicates a K+ level of 7.2 mEq/L (7.2 mmol/L), a
finding that constitutes hyperkalemia. For what signs and symptoms should the nurse
vigilantly monitor?
(a) cardiac irregularities
(b) muscle weakness
(c) increased intracranial pressure (ICP)
(d) metabolic acidosis - (correct answer)a
The primary extracellular electrolytes are:
(a) potassium, phosphate, and sulfate.
(b) magnesium, sulfate, and carbon.
(c) sodium, chloride, and bicarbonate.
(d) phosphorous, calcium, and phosphate. - (correct answer)c
The nursing instructor hears students discussing fluid and electrolyte balance. Which
statement would warrant further instruction?
(a) "The lungs remove water though exhalation."
(b) "The heart circulates water and nutrients through the body."
(c) "The lungs regulate metabolic acid-base disturbances by controlling carbon dioxide."
,(d) "The kidneys store and release antidiuretic hormone to increase water retention." -
(correct answer)d
A home care nurse is teaching a client and family about the importance of a balanced
diet. The nurse determines that the education was successful when the client identifies
which of the following as a rich source of potassium?
(a) Dairy products
(b) Apricots
(c) Processed meat
(d) Bread products - (correct answer)b
Which nursing diagnosis would the nurse make based on the effects of fluid and
electrolyte imbalance on human functioning?
(a) Constipation related to immobility
(b) Pain related to surgical incision
(c) Acute Confusion related to cerebral edema
(d) Risk for Infection related to inadequate personal hygiene - (correct answer)c
The nurse is teaching a nursing student how to record strict I&O for a client who wears
adult absorbent undergarments. Which nursing teaching is appropriate?
(a) "Weigh the wet undergarment, subtract the weight of a similar dry item, and fluid loss
is based on the equivalent of 1 lb (0.47 kg) = 1 pint (475 mL)."
(b) "We do not record fluids absorbed into undergarments."
(c) "Estimate the amount of fluid that you think was excreted into the undergarment."
(d) "You only record urine output in an adult undergarment; you do not record diarrhea
output." - (correct answer)a
A client has been diagnosed with stage II breast cancer and will require 8 weeks of
chemotherapy. Which intravenous access would the nurse anticipate?
(a) Groshong catheter tunneled under the subclavian vein
, (b) PICC catheter inserted in the axillary vein
(c) 18 gauge peripheral IV port in the left forearm
(d) percutaneous catheter in the jugular vein - (correct answer)a
A woman aged 58 years is suffering from food poisoning after eating at a local
restaurant. She has had nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea for the past 12 hours. Her
blood pressure is 88/50 and she is diaphoretic. She requires:
(a) an access route to administer medications intravenously.
(b) replacement of fluids for those lost from vomiting and diarrhea.
(c) an access route to replace fluids in combination with blood products.
(d) intravenous fluids to be administered on an outpatient basis. - (correct answer)b
An intravenous hypertonic solution containing dextrose, proteins, vitamins, and minerals
is known as:
(a) cellular hydration.
(b) volume expander.
(c) total parenteral nutrition.
(d) blood transfusion therapy. - (correct answer)c
A client age 80 years, who takes diuretics for management of hypertension, informs the
nurse that she takes laxatives daily to promote bowel movements. The nurse assesses
the client for possible symptoms of:
(a) hypocalcemia.
(b) hypothyroidism.
(c) hypoglycemia.
(d) hypokalemia. - (correct answer)d
A nurse inspecting the IV site of a client notices signs of phlebitis (inflammation). What
would be the appropriate nursing intervention for this situation?
A client who is NPO prior to surgery reports feeling thirsty. What is the physiologic
process that drives the thirst factor?
(a) decreased blood volume and intracellular dehydration
(b) increased blood volume and intracellular dehydration
(c) increased blood volume and extracellular overhydration
(d) decreased blood volume and extracellular overhydration - (correct answer)a
A client's most recent blood work indicates a K+ level of 7.2 mEq/L (7.2 mmol/L), a
finding that constitutes hyperkalemia. For what signs and symptoms should the nurse
vigilantly monitor?
(a) cardiac irregularities
(b) muscle weakness
(c) increased intracranial pressure (ICP)
(d) metabolic acidosis - (correct answer)a
The primary extracellular electrolytes are:
(a) potassium, phosphate, and sulfate.
(b) magnesium, sulfate, and carbon.
(c) sodium, chloride, and bicarbonate.
(d) phosphorous, calcium, and phosphate. - (correct answer)c
The nursing instructor hears students discussing fluid and electrolyte balance. Which
statement would warrant further instruction?
(a) "The lungs remove water though exhalation."
(b) "The heart circulates water and nutrients through the body."
(c) "The lungs regulate metabolic acid-base disturbances by controlling carbon dioxide."
,(d) "The kidneys store and release antidiuretic hormone to increase water retention." -
(correct answer)d
A home care nurse is teaching a client and family about the importance of a balanced
diet. The nurse determines that the education was successful when the client identifies
which of the following as a rich source of potassium?
(a) Dairy products
(b) Apricots
(c) Processed meat
(d) Bread products - (correct answer)b
Which nursing diagnosis would the nurse make based on the effects of fluid and
electrolyte imbalance on human functioning?
(a) Constipation related to immobility
(b) Pain related to surgical incision
(c) Acute Confusion related to cerebral edema
(d) Risk for Infection related to inadequate personal hygiene - (correct answer)c
The nurse is teaching a nursing student how to record strict I&O for a client who wears
adult absorbent undergarments. Which nursing teaching is appropriate?
(a) "Weigh the wet undergarment, subtract the weight of a similar dry item, and fluid loss
is based on the equivalent of 1 lb (0.47 kg) = 1 pint (475 mL)."
(b) "We do not record fluids absorbed into undergarments."
(c) "Estimate the amount of fluid that you think was excreted into the undergarment."
(d) "You only record urine output in an adult undergarment; you do not record diarrhea
output." - (correct answer)a
A client has been diagnosed with stage II breast cancer and will require 8 weeks of
chemotherapy. Which intravenous access would the nurse anticipate?
(a) Groshong catheter tunneled under the subclavian vein
, (b) PICC catheter inserted in the axillary vein
(c) 18 gauge peripheral IV port in the left forearm
(d) percutaneous catheter in the jugular vein - (correct answer)a
A woman aged 58 years is suffering from food poisoning after eating at a local
restaurant. She has had nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea for the past 12 hours. Her
blood pressure is 88/50 and she is diaphoretic. She requires:
(a) an access route to administer medications intravenously.
(b) replacement of fluids for those lost from vomiting and diarrhea.
(c) an access route to replace fluids in combination with blood products.
(d) intravenous fluids to be administered on an outpatient basis. - (correct answer)b
An intravenous hypertonic solution containing dextrose, proteins, vitamins, and minerals
is known as:
(a) cellular hydration.
(b) volume expander.
(c) total parenteral nutrition.
(d) blood transfusion therapy. - (correct answer)c
A client age 80 years, who takes diuretics for management of hypertension, informs the
nurse that she takes laxatives daily to promote bowel movements. The nurse assesses
the client for possible symptoms of:
(a) hypocalcemia.
(b) hypothyroidism.
(c) hypoglycemia.
(d) hypokalemia. - (correct answer)d
A nurse inspecting the IV site of a client notices signs of phlebitis (inflammation). What
would be the appropriate nursing intervention for this situation?
