NPTE Exam Prep Questions And 100% Correct Answers
What are some mechanisms for a Lisfranc injury? - ANSWER -metatarsals are separated
from the tarsus
- ie. Heavy crush injury, objects falls on midfoot, or when athlete has foot in PF and
opposing player steps on midfoot
What are some extra-articular symptoms of RA? - ANSWER - vasculitis
- scleritis
- atherosclerosis
- Raynaud's
- palmar erythema
What are guidelines for risk factors of developing metabolic syndrome? - ANSWER -
HDL <40 men & <50 female
- Triglycerides >150 mg/dL
- Waist >40 in men & >35in female
- Fasting plasma BG >110 mg/dL
- BP of >130/85
*** 3/5 criteria met for Dx
What are most important muscle groups needed with axillary crutches? - ANSWER -
shoulder depressors/extensors
- elbow extensors
What is the flexor synergy of the LE's? - ANSWER - Hip: flex, abd, ER
,- Knee: flex
- Ankle: DF & Inv
What is the extensor synergy of the LE's? - ANSWER - Hip : Ext, Add, IR
- Knee: Ext
- Ankle: PF & Inv
What is the UE flexor synergy? - ANSWER Scapula: Retraction
Shoulder: abd and ER
Elbow: flexion
Forearm: supination
Wrist/hand: flexion
what is the UE extensor synergy? - ANSWER *scapular protraction
*SHOULDER ADDUCTION
*internal rotation
*elbow extension
*forearm pronation
*wrist and finger flexion
(wrist and finger FLEX for BOTH synergies)
What is the neural pathway for light touch and 2pt discrimination sensory tests? -
ANSWER Dorsal column medial lemniscus
(Also stereognosis and barognosis)
Pain are temperature are carried in what neural pathway? - ANSWER Lateral
spinothalamic tract
,(Decussation at immediate SC level)
What are the actions of the lumbricals? - ANSWER flexes MP joints of digits 2-5 and
extends IP joints of digits 2-5
What systemic condition is most associated with adhesive capsulitis? - ANSWER
Diabetes
T/F: A patient is allowed to view their notes upon request in almost all circumstances. -
ANSWER True
What is the difference between pneumothorax and atelectasis? - ANSWER
Pneumothorax is a complete lung collapse; atelectasis is only partial collapse of lobe or
alveoli
What are some acute care guidelines for atelectasis treatment? - ANSWER -
Pain/anxiety reduction
- Segmental breathing ie. in through nose, hold, out through mouth)
- Incentive spirometry again. DEEP breaths
What does acetate treat with iontophoresis? What is the charge of the molecule?
-ANSWER Calcific tendonitis; negative
List the 3 major iontophoresis meds that are negatively charged. -ANSWER - Remember:
"ADL's"
A: Acetate
D: Dexamethasone
L: Lidocaine
***must be paired with the CATHODE***
(every other medication you will encounter on NPTE will have a Positive + charge!)
, T/F: A pt. with TMJ dysfunction, when opening the mouth will deviate toward unaffected
side. - ANSWER False: Toward AFFECTED side due to muscle spasm or mechanical
dysfunction
Name the muscles of opening the mouth? - ANSWER - Lateral pterygoid, digastric, and
hyoid muscles
(masseter and temporalis close jaw)
What are metabolic abnormalities associated w/ adrenal insufficiency? - ANSWER -AKA
Addison's disease
- So. Low cortisol & aldosterone
- Hyponatremia, hyperkalemic, hypoglycemic
- Poor Na+/K+ regulation
What is cortisols effect on blood sugar? - ANSWER INCREASE; ups gluconeogenesis in
liver for "fight or flight" stresses
What are metabolic abnormalities associated with hyper adrenal function? - ANSWER -
AKA Cushing's Syndrome
(for some reason I always remember this as "give me MORE of that HYPE cush. lol)
- Obesity / Hyperglycemia
- Edema / Hypernatremia
- "Moon face"
- Osteoperosis / Increased cortisol
What joints are typically affected with Lyme disease induced arthritis? - ANSWER
LARGER joints, ie. knee
What are some mechanisms for a Lisfranc injury? - ANSWER -metatarsals are separated
from the tarsus
- ie. Heavy crush injury, objects falls on midfoot, or when athlete has foot in PF and
opposing player steps on midfoot
What are some extra-articular symptoms of RA? - ANSWER - vasculitis
- scleritis
- atherosclerosis
- Raynaud's
- palmar erythema
What are guidelines for risk factors of developing metabolic syndrome? - ANSWER -
HDL <40 men & <50 female
- Triglycerides >150 mg/dL
- Waist >40 in men & >35in female
- Fasting plasma BG >110 mg/dL
- BP of >130/85
*** 3/5 criteria met for Dx
What are most important muscle groups needed with axillary crutches? - ANSWER -
shoulder depressors/extensors
- elbow extensors
What is the flexor synergy of the LE's? - ANSWER - Hip: flex, abd, ER
,- Knee: flex
- Ankle: DF & Inv
What is the extensor synergy of the LE's? - ANSWER - Hip : Ext, Add, IR
- Knee: Ext
- Ankle: PF & Inv
What is the UE flexor synergy? - ANSWER Scapula: Retraction
Shoulder: abd and ER
Elbow: flexion
Forearm: supination
Wrist/hand: flexion
what is the UE extensor synergy? - ANSWER *scapular protraction
*SHOULDER ADDUCTION
*internal rotation
*elbow extension
*forearm pronation
*wrist and finger flexion
(wrist and finger FLEX for BOTH synergies)
What is the neural pathway for light touch and 2pt discrimination sensory tests? -
ANSWER Dorsal column medial lemniscus
(Also stereognosis and barognosis)
Pain are temperature are carried in what neural pathway? - ANSWER Lateral
spinothalamic tract
,(Decussation at immediate SC level)
What are the actions of the lumbricals? - ANSWER flexes MP joints of digits 2-5 and
extends IP joints of digits 2-5
What systemic condition is most associated with adhesive capsulitis? - ANSWER
Diabetes
T/F: A patient is allowed to view their notes upon request in almost all circumstances. -
ANSWER True
What is the difference between pneumothorax and atelectasis? - ANSWER
Pneumothorax is a complete lung collapse; atelectasis is only partial collapse of lobe or
alveoli
What are some acute care guidelines for atelectasis treatment? - ANSWER -
Pain/anxiety reduction
- Segmental breathing ie. in through nose, hold, out through mouth)
- Incentive spirometry again. DEEP breaths
What does acetate treat with iontophoresis? What is the charge of the molecule?
-ANSWER Calcific tendonitis; negative
List the 3 major iontophoresis meds that are negatively charged. -ANSWER - Remember:
"ADL's"
A: Acetate
D: Dexamethasone
L: Lidocaine
***must be paired with the CATHODE***
(every other medication you will encounter on NPTE will have a Positive + charge!)
, T/F: A pt. with TMJ dysfunction, when opening the mouth will deviate toward unaffected
side. - ANSWER False: Toward AFFECTED side due to muscle spasm or mechanical
dysfunction
Name the muscles of opening the mouth? - ANSWER - Lateral pterygoid, digastric, and
hyoid muscles
(masseter and temporalis close jaw)
What are metabolic abnormalities associated w/ adrenal insufficiency? - ANSWER -AKA
Addison's disease
- So. Low cortisol & aldosterone
- Hyponatremia, hyperkalemic, hypoglycemic
- Poor Na+/K+ regulation
What is cortisols effect on blood sugar? - ANSWER INCREASE; ups gluconeogenesis in
liver for "fight or flight" stresses
What are metabolic abnormalities associated with hyper adrenal function? - ANSWER -
AKA Cushing's Syndrome
(for some reason I always remember this as "give me MORE of that HYPE cush. lol)
- Obesity / Hyperglycemia
- Edema / Hypernatremia
- "Moon face"
- Osteoperosis / Increased cortisol
What joints are typically affected with Lyme disease induced arthritis? - ANSWER
LARGER joints, ie. knee
