Nursing 351 Exam #1 questions well
answered to pass
what’s the problem, what caused the problem, how do you know this is a problem - correct answer
✔✔how do you write a nursing diagnosis?
specific, measurable, attainable, realistic, timely - correct answer ✔✔what does it mean to have SMART
patient outcomes?
ABC, Maslow's hierarchy of needs - correct answer ✔✔how do you prioritize interventions?
fluid intake or fluid retention is less than what is needed to meet body's fluid needs - correct answer
✔✔define dehydration
decrease in total body water (too little intake or too great fluid loss) - correct answer ✔✔define actual
dehydration
water shifts from plasma to interstitial (ascites) - correct answer ✔✔define relative dehydration
decreased BP, increase and weak HR, increased RR, elevated temperature, weight loss. Increased
BUN/Hct/serum osmolarity/urine specific gravity (>1.030) - correct answer ✔✔explain dehydration vital
signs and lab values
over hydration or an excess of body fluid and retention, excess volume in extracellular space causing
edema - correct answer ✔✔define fluid volume excess
increased BP, increase and bounding HR, increased RR, sudden weight gain. Decreased BUN/Hct/serum
osmolarity/urine specific gravity. JVD, ascites - correct answer ✔✔explain fluid volume excess vital signs
and lab vales
, related to left sided heart failure, fluid builds up in lungs - correct answer ✔✔explain pulmonary edema
increase in pulmonary pressure and water fluids up in outside of lungs (diminished lung sounds) - correct
answer ✔✔explain pleural effusion
accumulation of fluids in the areas where fluid doesn't normally exist (pleural cavity, peritoneal cavity,
pericardical sac). ex. Ascites - correct answer ✔✔explain third spacing (ECF excess)
administer colloids b/c they increase osmotic pressure and pulls fluids back into vascular space - correct
answer ✔✔intervention for third spacing?
<135, makes depolarization slower so cells are less excitable. Causes cell lysis. Weakness, decreased
muscle strength (ex. diaphragm), confusion, decreased LOC, N/V - correct answer ✔✔explain
hyponatremia
>145, makes depolarization faster so cells are more excitable. Causes cell dehydration. Tachycardia,
hypertension, confusion, restlessness, agitation, thirst, muscle spasms - correct answer ✔✔explain
hypernatremia
table salt, bouillon cubes, soy sauce, salami, bacon, cured meats, cheese, canned foods, pretzels, pickled
food - correct answer ✔✔what foods are high in sodium and too be avoided?
<3.5, nerve and muscle function is decreased. Muscle weakness and ECG changes. - correct answer
✔✔explain hypokalemia
NEVER give IV push. Never IM or SQ. Never exceed more than 20mg - correct answer ✔✔what is
important to remember about potassium replacements?
cells may discharge spontaneously, atrial fibrillation. Monitor cardiac function, prevent falls, and restore
balance. Muscle numbness, twitching, tingling - correct answer ✔✔explain hyperkalemia
apricots, avocados, bananas, melons, kiwi, dates/figs, oranges, beans, potatoes, squash tomatoes -
correct answer ✔✔what foods are high in potassium?
answered to pass
what’s the problem, what caused the problem, how do you know this is a problem - correct answer
✔✔how do you write a nursing diagnosis?
specific, measurable, attainable, realistic, timely - correct answer ✔✔what does it mean to have SMART
patient outcomes?
ABC, Maslow's hierarchy of needs - correct answer ✔✔how do you prioritize interventions?
fluid intake or fluid retention is less than what is needed to meet body's fluid needs - correct answer
✔✔define dehydration
decrease in total body water (too little intake or too great fluid loss) - correct answer ✔✔define actual
dehydration
water shifts from plasma to interstitial (ascites) - correct answer ✔✔define relative dehydration
decreased BP, increase and weak HR, increased RR, elevated temperature, weight loss. Increased
BUN/Hct/serum osmolarity/urine specific gravity (>1.030) - correct answer ✔✔explain dehydration vital
signs and lab values
over hydration or an excess of body fluid and retention, excess volume in extracellular space causing
edema - correct answer ✔✔define fluid volume excess
increased BP, increase and bounding HR, increased RR, sudden weight gain. Decreased BUN/Hct/serum
osmolarity/urine specific gravity. JVD, ascites - correct answer ✔✔explain fluid volume excess vital signs
and lab vales
, related to left sided heart failure, fluid builds up in lungs - correct answer ✔✔explain pulmonary edema
increase in pulmonary pressure and water fluids up in outside of lungs (diminished lung sounds) - correct
answer ✔✔explain pleural effusion
accumulation of fluids in the areas where fluid doesn't normally exist (pleural cavity, peritoneal cavity,
pericardical sac). ex. Ascites - correct answer ✔✔explain third spacing (ECF excess)
administer colloids b/c they increase osmotic pressure and pulls fluids back into vascular space - correct
answer ✔✔intervention for third spacing?
<135, makes depolarization slower so cells are less excitable. Causes cell lysis. Weakness, decreased
muscle strength (ex. diaphragm), confusion, decreased LOC, N/V - correct answer ✔✔explain
hyponatremia
>145, makes depolarization faster so cells are more excitable. Causes cell dehydration. Tachycardia,
hypertension, confusion, restlessness, agitation, thirst, muscle spasms - correct answer ✔✔explain
hypernatremia
table salt, bouillon cubes, soy sauce, salami, bacon, cured meats, cheese, canned foods, pretzels, pickled
food - correct answer ✔✔what foods are high in sodium and too be avoided?
<3.5, nerve and muscle function is decreased. Muscle weakness and ECG changes. - correct answer
✔✔explain hypokalemia
NEVER give IV push. Never IM or SQ. Never exceed more than 20mg - correct answer ✔✔what is
important to remember about potassium replacements?
cells may discharge spontaneously, atrial fibrillation. Monitor cardiac function, prevent falls, and restore
balance. Muscle numbness, twitching, tingling - correct answer ✔✔explain hyperkalemia
apricots, avocados, bananas, melons, kiwi, dates/figs, oranges, beans, potatoes, squash tomatoes -
correct answer ✔✔what foods are high in potassium?
