NURS 611 Exam 3 Questions And Answers
Immunoglobulin associated with asthma - ANSWER IgE
causes of pre-renal AKI - ANSWER hypo-perfusion
BUN is higher than plasma creatinine since urea is still reabsorbed
no damage to the kidneys, reversible
ex: dehydration, severe blood loss, heart failure, cirrhosis, sepsis
a patient has HTN and CKD, spilling out albumin out but have a normal GFR, what kidney
failure stage are they in? - ANSWER CKD stage 1
PCOS-characteristics - ANSWER no single factor to cause
most common cause of anovulation, ovulatory dysfunction, and infertility
excess androgens
ovarian follicles do not develop normally
insulin resistance --> glucose intolerance and hyperinsulinemia result
-aggravate the hyperandrogenic state
endometriosis - ANSWER ectopic functional endometrial tissue
-responds to hormonal fluctuations
common sites: pelvic peritoneum, ovaries
symptoms may vary but commonly include pain and infertility
responds to the hormones of a normal menstrual cycle except that the ectopic tissue
does not respond to progesterone --> bleeding occurs ectopically --> inflammatory
cascade activation --> can end up with fibrotic changes and scarring causing
adhesions, infertility, and pain
, HPV - ANSWER known to cause cervical cancer
contact spread of the surfaces of infected tissues or fluids once epithelial trauma has
occurred: infection of the basal cells of the epithelium, the HPV virus utilizes the host
cell's nuclear DNA to induce either an increase in growth that is nonneoplastic or a
neoplastic growth (cancer).
Some individuals can clear the infection; others cannot
Smoking increases risk of failing to clear the infection and developing cervical cancer
years later
infection with high-risk HPV is an essential precursor to development of precancerous
dysplasia of the cervix leading to invasive cancer
what is the condition of the urethral meatus when located on the ventral portion of the
penis? - ANSWER hypospadias
what type of renal injury can occur in BPH - ANSWER post-renal
obstructive uropathy
pulmonary embolism findings - ANSWER partial or full obstruction of the pulmonary
artery
infarction of pulmonary tissue can occur
vasoconstriction-->decreased blood flow to the tissues --> with an increase in
pulmonary artery pressures --> overload the right ventricle --> RV failure
V/Q mismatch occurs at the affected lung tissue along with a decrease in surfactant
production
pulmonary embolism sx - ANSWER hypoxemia
dysrhythmias
chest pain
dyspnea
tachypnea
tachycardia
Immunoglobulin associated with asthma - ANSWER IgE
causes of pre-renal AKI - ANSWER hypo-perfusion
BUN is higher than plasma creatinine since urea is still reabsorbed
no damage to the kidneys, reversible
ex: dehydration, severe blood loss, heart failure, cirrhosis, sepsis
a patient has HTN and CKD, spilling out albumin out but have a normal GFR, what kidney
failure stage are they in? - ANSWER CKD stage 1
PCOS-characteristics - ANSWER no single factor to cause
most common cause of anovulation, ovulatory dysfunction, and infertility
excess androgens
ovarian follicles do not develop normally
insulin resistance --> glucose intolerance and hyperinsulinemia result
-aggravate the hyperandrogenic state
endometriosis - ANSWER ectopic functional endometrial tissue
-responds to hormonal fluctuations
common sites: pelvic peritoneum, ovaries
symptoms may vary but commonly include pain and infertility
responds to the hormones of a normal menstrual cycle except that the ectopic tissue
does not respond to progesterone --> bleeding occurs ectopically --> inflammatory
cascade activation --> can end up with fibrotic changes and scarring causing
adhesions, infertility, and pain
, HPV - ANSWER known to cause cervical cancer
contact spread of the surfaces of infected tissues or fluids once epithelial trauma has
occurred: infection of the basal cells of the epithelium, the HPV virus utilizes the host
cell's nuclear DNA to induce either an increase in growth that is nonneoplastic or a
neoplastic growth (cancer).
Some individuals can clear the infection; others cannot
Smoking increases risk of failing to clear the infection and developing cervical cancer
years later
infection with high-risk HPV is an essential precursor to development of precancerous
dysplasia of the cervix leading to invasive cancer
what is the condition of the urethral meatus when located on the ventral portion of the
penis? - ANSWER hypospadias
what type of renal injury can occur in BPH - ANSWER post-renal
obstructive uropathy
pulmonary embolism findings - ANSWER partial or full obstruction of the pulmonary
artery
infarction of pulmonary tissue can occur
vasoconstriction-->decreased blood flow to the tissues --> with an increase in
pulmonary artery pressures --> overload the right ventricle --> RV failure
V/Q mismatch occurs at the affected lung tissue along with a decrease in surfactant
production
pulmonary embolism sx - ANSWER hypoxemia
dysrhythmias
chest pain
dyspnea
tachypnea
tachycardia
