Maryville NURS 611 Exam 2 Questions And
Correct Answers
Neurogenic Diabetes Insipidus - ANSWER Swelling commonly seen post TBI can lead to
dangerous increases in ICP. This increase can push on the pituitary leading to
decreased ADH secretion = polyuria.
Parasympathetic Nervous System - ANSWER Mediated by acetylcholine; controls rest
and digest; conserves energy and the body's resources; controls everyday metabolism
Sympathetic Nervous System - ANSWEr Mediated by catecholamines (epi and norepi);
prepares body for fight or flight; mobilization of energy stores --> releases insulin;
redistributes blood flow - increased to muscles, decreased to GI/integumentary
Focal brain injury - ANSWEr Specific lesions observable on imaging; epidural or
subdural hemorrhage
Diffuse brain injury-ANSWER Injuries involving widespread areas of the brain; may be
hard to detect and define because damage is often microscopic; hypoxia is the #1
cause; other causes include meningitis or encephalitis
Autonomic Dysreflexia (below the lesion)-ANSWER Faulty control of sweating because
the hypothalmus is unable to regulate body heat due to SNS damage; pale, cool skin
Autonomic Dysreflexia (general) - ANSWER A complication occurring in a person who
has a spinal cord injury above T6
Autonomic Dysreflexia (above the lesion) - ANSWER Paroxysmal hypertension (up to 300
mmHg systolic), piloerection, and sweating with flushing of the skin; headache,
bradycardia
, Delirium - ANSWER Acute onset, short duration; often associated with UTI, resolves with
treatment; attention and orientation are impaired; patient can be agitated, disorganized,
and have hallucinations
Dementia - ANSWER Usually insidious with chronic slow decline; attention and
orientation are often intact early in the course; no overt behavioral signs early
Alzheimer Disease - ANSWER Leading cause of dementia; greatest risk factors are age
and family history; specific diagnosis is made by postmortem examination
Stroke (incidence) - ANSWER Two times higher in blacks than whites; tends to run in
families; most common are ischemic
Stroke (Risk Factors) - ANSWER Hypertension, Insulin resistance and diabetes mellitus,
High total cholesterol or low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol level, elevated
lipoprotein-A level, Heart disease and peripheral vascular disease, Polycythemia and
thrombocythemia, Atrial fibrillation, Postmenopausal hormone therapy, High sodium
intake, >2300 mg; low potassium intake, <4700 mg, Smoking, Physical inactivity, Obesity
BMI >30, Chronic sleep deprivation
Right-sided homonymous hemianopsia- ANSWER Loss of visual field to the side of the
vertical midline. In this case left-sided peripheral vision will be intact but right side is
lost
Middle cerebral artery stroke s/s- ANSWER Contralateral hemiparesis or hemiplegia
(upper extremities greater than lower); expressive disorder with anomia (inability to
name objects); nonfluent aphasia, comprehension defects; Cheyne-Stokes respirations
Guillain-Barre - ANSWER An autoimmune disease that is preceded by an infection; with
the outbreak of Zika, there has been an increase in cases; weakness plateaus around
week 4 in most cases and strength can be regained
Correct Answers
Neurogenic Diabetes Insipidus - ANSWER Swelling commonly seen post TBI can lead to
dangerous increases in ICP. This increase can push on the pituitary leading to
decreased ADH secretion = polyuria.
Parasympathetic Nervous System - ANSWER Mediated by acetylcholine; controls rest
and digest; conserves energy and the body's resources; controls everyday metabolism
Sympathetic Nervous System - ANSWEr Mediated by catecholamines (epi and norepi);
prepares body for fight or flight; mobilization of energy stores --> releases insulin;
redistributes blood flow - increased to muscles, decreased to GI/integumentary
Focal brain injury - ANSWEr Specific lesions observable on imaging; epidural or
subdural hemorrhage
Diffuse brain injury-ANSWER Injuries involving widespread areas of the brain; may be
hard to detect and define because damage is often microscopic; hypoxia is the #1
cause; other causes include meningitis or encephalitis
Autonomic Dysreflexia (below the lesion)-ANSWER Faulty control of sweating because
the hypothalmus is unable to regulate body heat due to SNS damage; pale, cool skin
Autonomic Dysreflexia (general) - ANSWER A complication occurring in a person who
has a spinal cord injury above T6
Autonomic Dysreflexia (above the lesion) - ANSWER Paroxysmal hypertension (up to 300
mmHg systolic), piloerection, and sweating with flushing of the skin; headache,
bradycardia
, Delirium - ANSWER Acute onset, short duration; often associated with UTI, resolves with
treatment; attention and orientation are impaired; patient can be agitated, disorganized,
and have hallucinations
Dementia - ANSWER Usually insidious with chronic slow decline; attention and
orientation are often intact early in the course; no overt behavioral signs early
Alzheimer Disease - ANSWER Leading cause of dementia; greatest risk factors are age
and family history; specific diagnosis is made by postmortem examination
Stroke (incidence) - ANSWER Two times higher in blacks than whites; tends to run in
families; most common are ischemic
Stroke (Risk Factors) - ANSWER Hypertension, Insulin resistance and diabetes mellitus,
High total cholesterol or low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol level, elevated
lipoprotein-A level, Heart disease and peripheral vascular disease, Polycythemia and
thrombocythemia, Atrial fibrillation, Postmenopausal hormone therapy, High sodium
intake, >2300 mg; low potassium intake, <4700 mg, Smoking, Physical inactivity, Obesity
BMI >30, Chronic sleep deprivation
Right-sided homonymous hemianopsia- ANSWER Loss of visual field to the side of the
vertical midline. In this case left-sided peripheral vision will be intact but right side is
lost
Middle cerebral artery stroke s/s- ANSWER Contralateral hemiparesis or hemiplegia
(upper extremities greater than lower); expressive disorder with anomia (inability to
name objects); nonfluent aphasia, comprehension defects; Cheyne-Stokes respirations
Guillain-Barre - ANSWER An autoimmune disease that is preceded by an infection; with
the outbreak of Zika, there has been an increase in cases; weakness plateaus around
week 4 in most cases and strength can be regained
