CMN 396 Exam 2 Guide With
Complete Solution
Access discrimination - ANSWER when people are denied employment
opportunities, or "access" to jobs based on their race, sex, age, or other
factors unrelated to productivity
Discouraged workers - ANSWER people who have become so discouraged
about the lack of employment opportunities that they have stopped looking
for jobs and have dropped out of the workforce
Glass ceiling - ANSWER an invisible barrier preventing women, people of
color, and people with disabilities from progressing beyond a certain level in
organizations
Glass walls - ANSWER invisible barriers that confine minorities and women to
certain positions within organizations
New racism - ANSWER beliefs that racism no longer exists and that Blacks
have attained excessive, unfair gains through programs such as affirmative
action, resulting in discrimination when opportunity or rationale to do so
arises
Racial socialization - ANSWER behaviors, communications, and interactions
concerning their cultural heritage and the appropriate responses to racial
hostility and discrimination that Black parents model and explain to Black
children
Statistical discrimination - ANSWER using observable characteristics as
,proxies for information about the productivity of workers
Treatment discrimination - ANSWER when people are employed but treated
differently once employed, receiving fewer job-related rewards, resources, or
opportunities than they should receive based on job-related criteria
Underemployed - ANSWER the employment of workers at less than their full
potential, including those working part-time, temporary, or intermittent jobs
but desiring regular full-time work, those working for lower wages than their
skills would indicate or in positions requiring considerably lower skills than
they possess, and those involuntarily working outside their fields
Blacks who are high school graduates are about _______ as likely to be
unemployed as White high school graduates - ANSWER twice
True or false: Average earnings of Black men with college degrees are about
32% less than those of white men with college degrees but nearly 60% more
than those of Black men with only high school diplomas - ANSWER true
Average earnings of Black women with college degrees are about ___ more
than earnings of Black women with only high school diplomas - ANSWER
80%
True or false: Black women have lower workforce participation rates than
White women, but White men have higher participation rates than Black men
- ANSWER False: Black women have higher workforce participation rates than
White women
The Black population is ______ than the overall population - ANSWER younger
The Naturalization Law of 1790 - ANSWER only allowed White men to
become citizens, and these racial restrictions on citizenship of immigrants
, were not repealed until 1952
True or false: The end of slavery brought Blacks all the same rights that
Whites had - ANSWER False: even the end of the Civil war in 1865 did not
bring Blacks the rights and opportunities provided to all Whites at the end of
the American Revolution
Although 17% of the US military is comprised of Blacks, only ___ of officers
are Black - ANSWER 9%
This slogan, used in many effective boycotts, sums up the potential for lost
business when an organization becomes known for not valuing diversity -
ANSWER Don't buy where you can't work
Title VII of the Civil Rights Act - ANSWER prohibits discrimination on the
basis of race in employment matters and racial harassment, and provides
those targeted with some recourse
True of false: Affirmative action is still needed to combat persistent,
pervasive discrimination in hiring, placement, promotions, and advancement
- ANSWER True
True or false: Blacks with the same level of education as Whites are more
likely to be unemployed than Whites and earn less when employed than
Whites - ANSWER True
Brown vs. the Board of Education of Topeka - ANSWER outlawed the
"separate but equal;" educational system
Black men earn less than Black women at all education levels and education
increases earnings for Blacks - ANSWER False: Black men earn more than
Black women at all education levels and education increases earnings for
Complete Solution
Access discrimination - ANSWER when people are denied employment
opportunities, or "access" to jobs based on their race, sex, age, or other
factors unrelated to productivity
Discouraged workers - ANSWER people who have become so discouraged
about the lack of employment opportunities that they have stopped looking
for jobs and have dropped out of the workforce
Glass ceiling - ANSWER an invisible barrier preventing women, people of
color, and people with disabilities from progressing beyond a certain level in
organizations
Glass walls - ANSWER invisible barriers that confine minorities and women to
certain positions within organizations
New racism - ANSWER beliefs that racism no longer exists and that Blacks
have attained excessive, unfair gains through programs such as affirmative
action, resulting in discrimination when opportunity or rationale to do so
arises
Racial socialization - ANSWER behaviors, communications, and interactions
concerning their cultural heritage and the appropriate responses to racial
hostility and discrimination that Black parents model and explain to Black
children
Statistical discrimination - ANSWER using observable characteristics as
,proxies for information about the productivity of workers
Treatment discrimination - ANSWER when people are employed but treated
differently once employed, receiving fewer job-related rewards, resources, or
opportunities than they should receive based on job-related criteria
Underemployed - ANSWER the employment of workers at less than their full
potential, including those working part-time, temporary, or intermittent jobs
but desiring regular full-time work, those working for lower wages than their
skills would indicate or in positions requiring considerably lower skills than
they possess, and those involuntarily working outside their fields
Blacks who are high school graduates are about _______ as likely to be
unemployed as White high school graduates - ANSWER twice
True or false: Average earnings of Black men with college degrees are about
32% less than those of white men with college degrees but nearly 60% more
than those of Black men with only high school diplomas - ANSWER true
Average earnings of Black women with college degrees are about ___ more
than earnings of Black women with only high school diplomas - ANSWER
80%
True or false: Black women have lower workforce participation rates than
White women, but White men have higher participation rates than Black men
- ANSWER False: Black women have higher workforce participation rates than
White women
The Black population is ______ than the overall population - ANSWER younger
The Naturalization Law of 1790 - ANSWER only allowed White men to
become citizens, and these racial restrictions on citizenship of immigrants
, were not repealed until 1952
True or false: The end of slavery brought Blacks all the same rights that
Whites had - ANSWER False: even the end of the Civil war in 1865 did not
bring Blacks the rights and opportunities provided to all Whites at the end of
the American Revolution
Although 17% of the US military is comprised of Blacks, only ___ of officers
are Black - ANSWER 9%
This slogan, used in many effective boycotts, sums up the potential for lost
business when an organization becomes known for not valuing diversity -
ANSWER Don't buy where you can't work
Title VII of the Civil Rights Act - ANSWER prohibits discrimination on the
basis of race in employment matters and racial harassment, and provides
those targeted with some recourse
True of false: Affirmative action is still needed to combat persistent,
pervasive discrimination in hiring, placement, promotions, and advancement
- ANSWER True
True or false: Blacks with the same level of education as Whites are more
likely to be unemployed than Whites and earn less when employed than
Whites - ANSWER True
Brown vs. the Board of Education of Topeka - ANSWER outlawed the
"separate but equal;" educational system
Black men earn less than Black women at all education levels and education
increases earnings for Blacks - ANSWER False: Black men earn more than
Black women at all education levels and education increases earnings for
