NUR 152 Exam 5 Questions And Correct Answers
What are the effects of diuretics, cholinergic, and analgesics/ tranquillizers on urine
production and elimination? - ANSWER Diuretics-impede the reabsorption of water and
some electrolytes. They can also lead to increased frequency do to rise in urine
production
Cholinergic- stimulate the contraction of the detrusor muscle, producing urination
Analgesics & tranquillizers- depress the CNS, lessen the effectiveness of neural reflex
and can relax the urethra leading to more frequent urination or stress incontinence.
What is the purpose of the kidneys? ANSWER filter blood and eliminate waste products
into the urine, while also balancing the correct amount of electrolytes and volume of
fluid necessary to maintain homeostasis
Ureters - ANSWER long thin tubes of smooth muscle that propel urine via peristalsis
from kidneys to bladder
Where does the actual filtration in the kidney happen? ANSWER it occurs in the
nephrons each kidney has about 1 million nephrons.
structure of a nephron In the nephron a glomerulus, that is a tiny blood vessel or
capillary, intertwines with urine collecting tube called tubule
The tubules receive a combo of waste materials and chemicals that the body can still
use.
Kidneys measure out chemicals like sodium, phosphorus, and potassium back into the
blood
, detrusor muscle - ANSWER Muscle of the bladder, both expands to accommodate urine
and contracts to expel urine, made of smooth muscle
what does the urinary bladder is innervated by? -ANSWER autonomic nervous system.
the sympathetic system carries inhibitory impulses to the bladder and motor impulses to
the internal sphincter
the parasympathetic systems carries motor impulses to the bladder and inhibitory
impulses to internal sphincter. these cause the detrusor muscle to contract and the
sphincter to relax.
How much urine is in the bladder before a person has the desire to urinate? - ANS
150-250mL
What factors affect the frequency of voiding? - ANS Food & fluid intake, age, bladder
capacity, medication, medical conditions, gender
What medical conditions can cause frequency of urine? - ANS Diabetes
UTI's
Stroke: decreases muscular control
Anxiety
Overactive bladder
What male medical problem can cause urinary frequency? - ANSWER Hypertrophy of
the prostate can lead to night time urgency
Developmental considerations on urination? - ANSWER Effects of aging
-Nocturia due to kidney lose ability to concentrate urine
-Increased frequency due to decreased bladder muscle tone which can reduce the
capacity
-Urine retention- decrease bladder contractility may lead to retention and stasis
What are the effects of diuretics, cholinergic, and analgesics/ tranquillizers on urine
production and elimination? - ANSWER Diuretics-impede the reabsorption of water and
some electrolytes. They can also lead to increased frequency do to rise in urine
production
Cholinergic- stimulate the contraction of the detrusor muscle, producing urination
Analgesics & tranquillizers- depress the CNS, lessen the effectiveness of neural reflex
and can relax the urethra leading to more frequent urination or stress incontinence.
What is the purpose of the kidneys? ANSWER filter blood and eliminate waste products
into the urine, while also balancing the correct amount of electrolytes and volume of
fluid necessary to maintain homeostasis
Ureters - ANSWER long thin tubes of smooth muscle that propel urine via peristalsis
from kidneys to bladder
Where does the actual filtration in the kidney happen? ANSWER it occurs in the
nephrons each kidney has about 1 million nephrons.
structure of a nephron In the nephron a glomerulus, that is a tiny blood vessel or
capillary, intertwines with urine collecting tube called tubule
The tubules receive a combo of waste materials and chemicals that the body can still
use.
Kidneys measure out chemicals like sodium, phosphorus, and potassium back into the
blood
, detrusor muscle - ANSWER Muscle of the bladder, both expands to accommodate urine
and contracts to expel urine, made of smooth muscle
what does the urinary bladder is innervated by? -ANSWER autonomic nervous system.
the sympathetic system carries inhibitory impulses to the bladder and motor impulses to
the internal sphincter
the parasympathetic systems carries motor impulses to the bladder and inhibitory
impulses to internal sphincter. these cause the detrusor muscle to contract and the
sphincter to relax.
How much urine is in the bladder before a person has the desire to urinate? - ANS
150-250mL
What factors affect the frequency of voiding? - ANS Food & fluid intake, age, bladder
capacity, medication, medical conditions, gender
What medical conditions can cause frequency of urine? - ANS Diabetes
UTI's
Stroke: decreases muscular control
Anxiety
Overactive bladder
What male medical problem can cause urinary frequency? - ANSWER Hypertrophy of
the prostate can lead to night time urgency
Developmental considerations on urination? - ANSWER Effects of aging
-Nocturia due to kidney lose ability to concentrate urine
-Increased frequency due to decreased bladder muscle tone which can reduce the
capacity
-Urine retention- decrease bladder contractility may lead to retention and stasis
