BIO 100 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS WITH
COMPLETE ANSWERS
Observation, ppProblems ppand ppQuestions, ppHypothesis, ppObservations ppand
ppExperimentation, ppData ppcollection ppand ppanalysis, ppConclusions, ppTheories pp-
ppAnswer ppparts ppof ppthe ppscientific ppmethod
Observation pp- ppAnswer pp"My ppRoommate ppsaid ppBiology pp200 ppstudents ppsmile
ppduring pplab"
Problems ppand ppQuestions pp- ppAnswer pp"What ppis ppthe ppmost ppexciting ppclass ppat
ppMinnesota ppState ppMankato?"
Hypothesis pp- ppAnswer pp"Bio pp100 ppis ppthe ppmost ppexciting ppclass ppat ppMinnesota
ppState ppMankato"
Observations ppand ppExperiments pp- ppAnswer pp"All ppexiting ppMinnesota ppState
ppMankato ppseniors ppwere ppgiven ppa ppsurvey ppasking ppthem ppwhat ppclass ppat
ppMankato ppthe ppmost ppexciting"
Data ppCollection ppand ppAnalysis pp- ppAnswer pp"For ppthe pplast pp20 ppyears ppsurveys
ppwere ppcollected ppfrom ppexiting ppseniors ppand ppit ppwas ppfound ppthat pp99.9% ppof
ppthe ppseniors ppthat ppthat ppBIO ppwas ppthe ppmost ppexciting ppclass pptaken ppat
ppMankato"
Conclusions pp- ppAnswer pp"You ppwill ppalso ppfind ppBIO ppvery ppexciting"
Theories pp- ppAnswer ppan ppexplanation ppfor ppa ppnatural ppphenomenon; ppit ppis ppas
ppclose ppto ppthe pptruth ppas ppscientists ppcan ppget ppand ppis ppaccepted ppby ppa
ppmajority ppof ppscientists.
Questioning pp- ppAnswer ppOccurs ppwhen ppyou ppidentify ppand ppstate ppa ppproblem ppor
ppask ppa ppquestion. ppNeeds ppto ppbe ppunderstandable, ppdoable, ppand pptestable,
ppfalisifiable.
Good ppCharacteristics ppof ppHypotheses pp- ppAnswer ppAn ppeducated ppguess ppor ppa
pppossible ppexplanation ppfor ppan ppobserved ppset ppof ppfacts ppthat pplends ppitself ppto
ppbeing pptested. ppMust ppbe pptestable ppthrough ppexperiments, ppmust ppbe ppvery
ppspecific, ppand ppcan ppbe ppwritten ppin ppseveral ppformats.
, Scientific ppTheory pp- ppAnswer ppA ppwell-substantiated ppexplanation ppof ppsome
ppaspect ppof ppthe ppnatural ppworld, ppbased ppon ppa ppbody ppof ppfacts ppthat pphave
ppbeen pprepeatedly ppconfirmed ppthrough ppobservation ppand ppexperiment.
Observation pp- ppAnswer ppThe ppprocess ppof ppgathering ppinformation ppthroughout ppthe
ppsenses.
Subject ppExpectation pp- ppAnswer ppForm ppof ppreactivity ppthat ppoccurs ppin ppscientific
ppexperiments ppwhen ppa ppresearch ppsubject ppexpects ppa ppgiven ppresult ppand
pptherefore ppunconsciously ppaffects ppthe ppoutcome
Observer ppBias pp- ppAnswer ppOccurs ppwhen ppthe ppobservers ppknow ppthe ppgoals ppof
ppthe ppstudy ppor ppthe pphypotheses ppand ppallow ppthis ppknowledge ppto ppinfluence
pptheir ppobservations ppduring ppthe ppstudy.
Double ppBlind ppExperiment pp- ppAnswer ppNeither ppthe ppparticipants ppnor ppthe
ppresearchers ppknow ppwhich ppparticipants ppbelong ppto ppthe ppcontrol ppgroup, ppnor
ppthe pptest ppgroup.
Random ppAssignment pp- ppAnswer ppPlacement ppis ppan ppexperimental pptechnique ppfor
ppassigning ppsubjects ppto ppdifferent pptreatments
Controlled ppVariable pp- ppAnswer ppThe ppquantities ppthat ppa ppscientist ppwants ppto
ppremain ppconstant.
Independent ppVariables pp- ppAnswer ppThe ppvalues ppyou ppare ppmanipulating ppand
pphave ppcontrol ppover
Dependent ppVariable pp- ppAnswer ppWhat ppyou ppmeasure ppin ppthe ppexperiment ppand
ppwhat ppis ppaffected ppduring ppthe ppexperiment.
Sample ppSize pp- ppAnswer ppThe ppnumber ppof ppobservations ppin ppan ppassignment.
Generalization pp- ppAnswer ppA ppgeneral ppstatement ppobtained ppby ppinference.
Control ppGroup pp- ppAnswer ppAll ppgroups ppare pptreated ppidentically ppexcept ppone
ppwho ppdoes ppnot pphave ppthe ppindependent ppvariable ppmanipulated.
Experimental ppGroup pp- ppAnswer ppThe ppgroup ppin ppan ppexperiment ppthat ppreceives
ppthe ppvariable ppbeing pptested.
Measurement ppError pp- ppAnswer ppDifference ppbetween ppthe ppactual ppvalue ppof ppa
ppquantity ppand ppthe ppvalue ppobtained ppby ppa ppmeasurement.
Death pp- ppAnswer ppThe ppabsence ppof pplife.
COMPLETE ANSWERS
Observation, ppProblems ppand ppQuestions, ppHypothesis, ppObservations ppand
ppExperimentation, ppData ppcollection ppand ppanalysis, ppConclusions, ppTheories pp-
ppAnswer ppparts ppof ppthe ppscientific ppmethod
Observation pp- ppAnswer pp"My ppRoommate ppsaid ppBiology pp200 ppstudents ppsmile
ppduring pplab"
Problems ppand ppQuestions pp- ppAnswer pp"What ppis ppthe ppmost ppexciting ppclass ppat
ppMinnesota ppState ppMankato?"
Hypothesis pp- ppAnswer pp"Bio pp100 ppis ppthe ppmost ppexciting ppclass ppat ppMinnesota
ppState ppMankato"
Observations ppand ppExperiments pp- ppAnswer pp"All ppexiting ppMinnesota ppState
ppMankato ppseniors ppwere ppgiven ppa ppsurvey ppasking ppthem ppwhat ppclass ppat
ppMankato ppthe ppmost ppexciting"
Data ppCollection ppand ppAnalysis pp- ppAnswer pp"For ppthe pplast pp20 ppyears ppsurveys
ppwere ppcollected ppfrom ppexiting ppseniors ppand ppit ppwas ppfound ppthat pp99.9% ppof
ppthe ppseniors ppthat ppthat ppBIO ppwas ppthe ppmost ppexciting ppclass pptaken ppat
ppMankato"
Conclusions pp- ppAnswer pp"You ppwill ppalso ppfind ppBIO ppvery ppexciting"
Theories pp- ppAnswer ppan ppexplanation ppfor ppa ppnatural ppphenomenon; ppit ppis ppas
ppclose ppto ppthe pptruth ppas ppscientists ppcan ppget ppand ppis ppaccepted ppby ppa
ppmajority ppof ppscientists.
Questioning pp- ppAnswer ppOccurs ppwhen ppyou ppidentify ppand ppstate ppa ppproblem ppor
ppask ppa ppquestion. ppNeeds ppto ppbe ppunderstandable, ppdoable, ppand pptestable,
ppfalisifiable.
Good ppCharacteristics ppof ppHypotheses pp- ppAnswer ppAn ppeducated ppguess ppor ppa
pppossible ppexplanation ppfor ppan ppobserved ppset ppof ppfacts ppthat pplends ppitself ppto
ppbeing pptested. ppMust ppbe pptestable ppthrough ppexperiments, ppmust ppbe ppvery
ppspecific, ppand ppcan ppbe ppwritten ppin ppseveral ppformats.
, Scientific ppTheory pp- ppAnswer ppA ppwell-substantiated ppexplanation ppof ppsome
ppaspect ppof ppthe ppnatural ppworld, ppbased ppon ppa ppbody ppof ppfacts ppthat pphave
ppbeen pprepeatedly ppconfirmed ppthrough ppobservation ppand ppexperiment.
Observation pp- ppAnswer ppThe ppprocess ppof ppgathering ppinformation ppthroughout ppthe
ppsenses.
Subject ppExpectation pp- ppAnswer ppForm ppof ppreactivity ppthat ppoccurs ppin ppscientific
ppexperiments ppwhen ppa ppresearch ppsubject ppexpects ppa ppgiven ppresult ppand
pptherefore ppunconsciously ppaffects ppthe ppoutcome
Observer ppBias pp- ppAnswer ppOccurs ppwhen ppthe ppobservers ppknow ppthe ppgoals ppof
ppthe ppstudy ppor ppthe pphypotheses ppand ppallow ppthis ppknowledge ppto ppinfluence
pptheir ppobservations ppduring ppthe ppstudy.
Double ppBlind ppExperiment pp- ppAnswer ppNeither ppthe ppparticipants ppnor ppthe
ppresearchers ppknow ppwhich ppparticipants ppbelong ppto ppthe ppcontrol ppgroup, ppnor
ppthe pptest ppgroup.
Random ppAssignment pp- ppAnswer ppPlacement ppis ppan ppexperimental pptechnique ppfor
ppassigning ppsubjects ppto ppdifferent pptreatments
Controlled ppVariable pp- ppAnswer ppThe ppquantities ppthat ppa ppscientist ppwants ppto
ppremain ppconstant.
Independent ppVariables pp- ppAnswer ppThe ppvalues ppyou ppare ppmanipulating ppand
pphave ppcontrol ppover
Dependent ppVariable pp- ppAnswer ppWhat ppyou ppmeasure ppin ppthe ppexperiment ppand
ppwhat ppis ppaffected ppduring ppthe ppexperiment.
Sample ppSize pp- ppAnswer ppThe ppnumber ppof ppobservations ppin ppan ppassignment.
Generalization pp- ppAnswer ppA ppgeneral ppstatement ppobtained ppby ppinference.
Control ppGroup pp- ppAnswer ppAll ppgroups ppare pptreated ppidentically ppexcept ppone
ppwho ppdoes ppnot pphave ppthe ppindependent ppvariable ppmanipulated.
Experimental ppGroup pp- ppAnswer ppThe ppgroup ppin ppan ppexperiment ppthat ppreceives
ppthe ppvariable ppbeing pptested.
Measurement ppError pp- ppAnswer ppDifference ppbetween ppthe ppactual ppvalue ppof ppa
ppquantity ppand ppthe ppvalue ppobtained ppby ppa ppmeasurement.
Death pp- ppAnswer ppThe ppabsence ppof pplife.
