HESI A2 A&P Grade A Q and A
Which is an anterior muscle?
A. Gluteus maximus
B. Quadriceps femoris
C. Biceps femoris
D. Adductor magnus - (correct answer)B. An anterior muscle is located near the front of
the body. Of those listed, the quadriceps( frontal thigh muscle) is the most anterior.
How might the headrest on a car prevent traumatic injury?
A. By limiting hyperflexion of the neck
B. By limiting hyperextension of the neck
C. By reducing vertebral compression
D. By preventing disc degeneration - (correct answer)B. The headrest prevents the
head from moving too far backward, or hyperextending the neck beyond its normal
range.
Which might you expect to see in a whiplash injury?
A. Cardiopulmonary problems
B. Side-to-side spinal curvature
C. Eventual herniation of discs
D. Traumatic injury to ligaments - (correct answer)D. Because of the hyperflexion and
hyperextension caused by such a collision, it is not uncommon to find tears or stretching
of the ligaments of the spine. The injury is front-to-back, making choice B unlikely, and a
herniated disc (choice C) is more of a compression injury.
Muscle contractions that normally move food along the human digestive system are
known as ________.
A. defecation
B. osmosis
,C. peristalsis
D. circulation - (correct answer)C. Defecation(choice A) is the elimination of waste.
Osmosis (choice B) is the movement of molecules across a membrane. Circulation
(choice D) is the movement of blood through the body. Peristalsis (choice C) is the
involuntary, wavelike movement of muscles in the intestine and elsewhere that pushes
food along.
Which type of nutrient does not provide the body with energy?
A. Vitamin
B. Carbohydrate
C. Fat
D. Protein - (correct answer)A. Some nutrients supply energy, and others support
metabolism. Nutrients in the first set include carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. Those in
the secound set include vitamins, minerals, and water.
Where would you be likely to find a Schwann cell?
A. In the digestive system
B. In the nervous system
C. In the skeletal system
D. In the muscular system - (correct answer)B. Schwann cells wrap around the nerve
fibers and form the myelin sheath in the peripheral nervous system.
How does the nervous system work with the muscular system?
A. The muscles of the body produce chemicals that feed the nerves.
B. The nervous system tells the muscles how to respond to the environment.
C. The nervous system releases chemicals that remove excess waste from the
muscles.
D. The muscular system provides input that allows the nerves to make decisions. -
(correct answer)B. The nervous system is made up of the brain, spinal cord, and
nerves. It receives and transmits signals from the environment that regulate voluntary
and involuntary movement.
, Which part of the nervous system includes the femoral , radial, and ulnar nerves?
A. Somatic
B. Autonomic
C. Sympathetic
D. Parasympathetic - (correct answer)A. The symphathetic and parasympathetic
systems (choice C and D) are part of the autonomic nervous system (choice B), which
controls involuntary actions of the smooth muscles, glands, and heart. The somatic
nervous system (choice A) has to do with reception of external stimuli and voluntary
control of the muscles.
Where might a herniated lumbar disc be most likely to create pain?
A. Along the radial nerve
B. Within the spinal cord
C. Along the sciatic nerve
D. Along the tibial nerve - (correct answer)C. Damage to a disc in the lower back will
most likely cause pain radiating downward along the sciatic nerve.
What is the name of the bone in the human thigh?
A. Ulna
B. Femur
C. Radius
D. Humerus - (correct answer)B. The ulna (choice A), radius (choice C), and humerus
(choice D) are arm bones.
The ovaries are part of the ___________.
A. skeletal system
B. nervous system
C. lymphatic system
Which is an anterior muscle?
A. Gluteus maximus
B. Quadriceps femoris
C. Biceps femoris
D. Adductor magnus - (correct answer)B. An anterior muscle is located near the front of
the body. Of those listed, the quadriceps( frontal thigh muscle) is the most anterior.
How might the headrest on a car prevent traumatic injury?
A. By limiting hyperflexion of the neck
B. By limiting hyperextension of the neck
C. By reducing vertebral compression
D. By preventing disc degeneration - (correct answer)B. The headrest prevents the
head from moving too far backward, or hyperextending the neck beyond its normal
range.
Which might you expect to see in a whiplash injury?
A. Cardiopulmonary problems
B. Side-to-side spinal curvature
C. Eventual herniation of discs
D. Traumatic injury to ligaments - (correct answer)D. Because of the hyperflexion and
hyperextension caused by such a collision, it is not uncommon to find tears or stretching
of the ligaments of the spine. The injury is front-to-back, making choice B unlikely, and a
herniated disc (choice C) is more of a compression injury.
Muscle contractions that normally move food along the human digestive system are
known as ________.
A. defecation
B. osmosis
,C. peristalsis
D. circulation - (correct answer)C. Defecation(choice A) is the elimination of waste.
Osmosis (choice B) is the movement of molecules across a membrane. Circulation
(choice D) is the movement of blood through the body. Peristalsis (choice C) is the
involuntary, wavelike movement of muscles in the intestine and elsewhere that pushes
food along.
Which type of nutrient does not provide the body with energy?
A. Vitamin
B. Carbohydrate
C. Fat
D. Protein - (correct answer)A. Some nutrients supply energy, and others support
metabolism. Nutrients in the first set include carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. Those in
the secound set include vitamins, minerals, and water.
Where would you be likely to find a Schwann cell?
A. In the digestive system
B. In the nervous system
C. In the skeletal system
D. In the muscular system - (correct answer)B. Schwann cells wrap around the nerve
fibers and form the myelin sheath in the peripheral nervous system.
How does the nervous system work with the muscular system?
A. The muscles of the body produce chemicals that feed the nerves.
B. The nervous system tells the muscles how to respond to the environment.
C. The nervous system releases chemicals that remove excess waste from the
muscles.
D. The muscular system provides input that allows the nerves to make decisions. -
(correct answer)B. The nervous system is made up of the brain, spinal cord, and
nerves. It receives and transmits signals from the environment that regulate voluntary
and involuntary movement.
, Which part of the nervous system includes the femoral , radial, and ulnar nerves?
A. Somatic
B. Autonomic
C. Sympathetic
D. Parasympathetic - (correct answer)A. The symphathetic and parasympathetic
systems (choice C and D) are part of the autonomic nervous system (choice B), which
controls involuntary actions of the smooth muscles, glands, and heart. The somatic
nervous system (choice A) has to do with reception of external stimuli and voluntary
control of the muscles.
Where might a herniated lumbar disc be most likely to create pain?
A. Along the radial nerve
B. Within the spinal cord
C. Along the sciatic nerve
D. Along the tibial nerve - (correct answer)C. Damage to a disc in the lower back will
most likely cause pain radiating downward along the sciatic nerve.
What is the name of the bone in the human thigh?
A. Ulna
B. Femur
C. Radius
D. Humerus - (correct answer)B. The ulna (choice A), radius (choice C), and humerus
(choice D) are arm bones.
The ovaries are part of the ___________.
A. skeletal system
B. nervous system
C. lymphatic system
