SPCE 609 QUIZ 1 REVISION
SUMMARY
Inclusive
It must account for a substantial quantity of behavior. An explanation
has limited usefulness if it fails to account for the bulk of human
behavior and thus makes prediction and systematic change of behavior
impossible
Verifiable
We should be able to test in some way that it does account behavior
Predictive utility
It should provide reliable answers about what people are likely to do
under certain circumstances, thereby giving the practitioner the
opportunity to change behavior by changing conditions
Parsimonious
The simplest one that will account for observed phenomena. Parsimony
does not guarantee correctness because the simplest explanation may
not always be the correct one
4 bodily fluids
1. blood
2. phlegm
3. yellow bile (choler)
4. black bile (melancholy)
Genetic and Hereditary Effects
, It is generally accepted that persons with autism have abnormalities in
brain development and neurochemistry and that there may be genetic
factors related to this disorder
Biochemical Explanations
Biochemical abnormalities have found that in some children with
serious disturbances of behavior. Investigation of such factors, however,
has established only that biochemical abnormalities exist, not that they
cause the disorder.
Biophysical Factors
1. Hypoglycemia
2. Malnutrition
3. Allergic reactions
biochemical or other physiological factors may, along with other
influences, result in damage to the brain or central nervous system
Brain damage
Hyperactivity is not necessarily caused by brain dysfunction. Biophysical
explanations may also cause teachers to have low expectations for
some students. When this happens, teachers might not even try to
teach things students are capable of learning
Psychoanalytic Theory
Sigmund Freud, who asserted that normal and aberrant human
behavior may be understood and explained on the basis of progression
though certain crucial stages
1. Oral (dependent and aggressive
2. Anal (explosive and retentive
3. Phallic (gender awareness)
these stages to occur before the age of 6 and if mastered, result into
SUMMARY
Inclusive
It must account for a substantial quantity of behavior. An explanation
has limited usefulness if it fails to account for the bulk of human
behavior and thus makes prediction and systematic change of behavior
impossible
Verifiable
We should be able to test in some way that it does account behavior
Predictive utility
It should provide reliable answers about what people are likely to do
under certain circumstances, thereby giving the practitioner the
opportunity to change behavior by changing conditions
Parsimonious
The simplest one that will account for observed phenomena. Parsimony
does not guarantee correctness because the simplest explanation may
not always be the correct one
4 bodily fluids
1. blood
2. phlegm
3. yellow bile (choler)
4. black bile (melancholy)
Genetic and Hereditary Effects
, It is generally accepted that persons with autism have abnormalities in
brain development and neurochemistry and that there may be genetic
factors related to this disorder
Biochemical Explanations
Biochemical abnormalities have found that in some children with
serious disturbances of behavior. Investigation of such factors, however,
has established only that biochemical abnormalities exist, not that they
cause the disorder.
Biophysical Factors
1. Hypoglycemia
2. Malnutrition
3. Allergic reactions
biochemical or other physiological factors may, along with other
influences, result in damage to the brain or central nervous system
Brain damage
Hyperactivity is not necessarily caused by brain dysfunction. Biophysical
explanations may also cause teachers to have low expectations for
some students. When this happens, teachers might not even try to
teach things students are capable of learning
Psychoanalytic Theory
Sigmund Freud, who asserted that normal and aberrant human
behavior may be understood and explained on the basis of progression
though certain crucial stages
1. Oral (dependent and aggressive
2. Anal (explosive and retentive
3. Phallic (gender awareness)
these stages to occur before the age of 6 and if mastered, result into
