MICROBIOLOGY, A SYSTEMS APPROACH,
7TH EDITION, LATEST UPDATE 2024/2025
QUESTIONS WITH ELABORATED ANSWERS
ALREADY GRADED A+
Incubation
Providing bacteria with the proper conditions for the grow with respect of temperature and
gas requirements ( such as O2, CO2) is called ______
A) Inoculation
B) Precipitation
C) Incubation
D) Identification
E) Inspection
How large an object appears under the microscope
Magnifying power of the microscope refers to
A) How large an object appears under the microscope
B) Ability to distinguish two dots that are close to each other
C) Ability to focus the light better
D) Ability to see viruses
Flagella
Chemotaxis is ability of bacteria to move toward a chemical repellant or away from a
chemical attractant; flagella - is an organelle of movement ; organelle: a part of the
bacterial or other cell, that has a specific function
A bacterial cell exhibiting chemotaxis probably has _______.
A)fimbriae
B)a capsule
C)chlorophyll
,D)flagella
E)starch granules
Cell Wall
The cell wall is rigid, and thus allows bacteria to maintain their shape, it is made of
peptidoglycan and prevents bacteria from bursting out in diluted environment
If bacteria living in salty seawater were displaced to a freshwater environment, the cell
structure that would prevent the cells from rupturing is the ________.
A)endospore
B)cell wall
C)cell membrane
D)capsule
E)slime layer
Protection of genetic material during harsh conditions
The function of bacterial endospores is ________.
A)to convert gaseous nitrogen to a usable form for plants
B)reproduction and growth
C)protection of genetic material during harsh conditions
D)storage of excess cell materials
E)to act as sites for photosynthesis
rRNA Sequencing
All tests and characters listed are part of phenotypic (including biochemical) tests. You will
need to go over what identification is (the LAST of the 5 I`s), and the definitions of
methods that are used for identification of bacteria: phenotypic, molecular, immunologic,
and genetic. rRNA sequencing is an example of genetic testing, not phenotypic
Which of the following is not a phenotypic trait of bacteria?
A)rRNA sequencing
B)Cell Shape
,C)Growth pattern in a culture medium
D)Biochemical reaction
E) Colony size and shape
Mycoplasm pneuoniae
Definitions: 1) Mycoplasma - a group of bacteria that lack cell wall; Peptidoglycan - the
substance that makes up the rigid bacterial cell wall ; cell wall is a rigid structure that
prevents bacteria from bursting out, and 99.9% of all bacteria have it. So knowing that the
questions answer includes the term "Peptidoglycan" should prompt your brain to make a
connection: No peptidoglycan means no cell wall, and that means that the bacterium is
called Mycoplasma is the infectious agent (the culprit) in this case.
A client has a serious case of the flu. A random sample of sputum was taken from the
patient coughing up blood. The lab tech said they had isolated a bacterium that did not have
any peptidoglycan. You hypothesize that the identity of this microbe could possibly be
_______.
A)Mycobacterium tuberculosis
B)Borrelia burghdorferi
C)Streptococcus pneumoniae
D)Mycoplasma pneumoniae
E)Staphylococcus aureus
Cytoplasmic Inclusions
They do NOT contribute to how pathogenic (dangerous) bacterium is. One of the ways to
arrive to this conclusion is to know the following:
-1) fimbrae are organelles of attachment. Think back to our lecture, where we said
"attachment could be a good thing for the survival of bacteria, but also could be a bad
thing, if for example, bacteria attaches to the artificial surface, like a prosthetic joint. Then
it can lead to formation of a biofilm (check out what biofilm is in one of our slides) inside
of the human body, and that could lead to infection
, 2) capsule and slime layer- (capsule especially), is a slippery cover made from
glycoproteins ("slimey"), which makes bacterium easier to avoid being grabbed by the
special cells of our immune system called "phagocytes" (phagocytes are special immune
cells, whos job is to "gobble up" the suspected dangerous bacteria). Again, we did
mention thos
All of the following structures contribute to the ability of pathogenic bacteria to cause
disease except the _______.
A)cytoplasmic inclusions
B)fimbriae
C)capsule
D)slime layer
E)LPS (lipopolysaccharide)
In a habitat abundant in nutrients
The glycogen cell inclusions are blobs of glycogen surrounded by the thin protein shell.
The glycogen is a storage polysaccharide , a type of carbohydrate polymer, made of
glucose (see the chapter 1, portion on macromolecules (carbohydrates), and when cell
comes across abundant nutrient, it will "stockpile" on those.
In which situation would a bacterium most likely synthesize cytoplasmic inclusions (such as
glycogen inclusions)?
A) When cell is dividing (reproduction)
B) In a habitat abundant in nutrients
C) When the cell is starved for nutrients
D) When there are too many other organisms present
Protein synthesis would stop
Ribosomes are major organelles present in all three domains of life , Archaea, Bacteria
and Eukaryotes. They are responsible for protein synthesis
7TH EDITION, LATEST UPDATE 2024/2025
QUESTIONS WITH ELABORATED ANSWERS
ALREADY GRADED A+
Incubation
Providing bacteria with the proper conditions for the grow with respect of temperature and
gas requirements ( such as O2, CO2) is called ______
A) Inoculation
B) Precipitation
C) Incubation
D) Identification
E) Inspection
How large an object appears under the microscope
Magnifying power of the microscope refers to
A) How large an object appears under the microscope
B) Ability to distinguish two dots that are close to each other
C) Ability to focus the light better
D) Ability to see viruses
Flagella
Chemotaxis is ability of bacteria to move toward a chemical repellant or away from a
chemical attractant; flagella - is an organelle of movement ; organelle: a part of the
bacterial or other cell, that has a specific function
A bacterial cell exhibiting chemotaxis probably has _______.
A)fimbriae
B)a capsule
C)chlorophyll
,D)flagella
E)starch granules
Cell Wall
The cell wall is rigid, and thus allows bacteria to maintain their shape, it is made of
peptidoglycan and prevents bacteria from bursting out in diluted environment
If bacteria living in salty seawater were displaced to a freshwater environment, the cell
structure that would prevent the cells from rupturing is the ________.
A)endospore
B)cell wall
C)cell membrane
D)capsule
E)slime layer
Protection of genetic material during harsh conditions
The function of bacterial endospores is ________.
A)to convert gaseous nitrogen to a usable form for plants
B)reproduction and growth
C)protection of genetic material during harsh conditions
D)storage of excess cell materials
E)to act as sites for photosynthesis
rRNA Sequencing
All tests and characters listed are part of phenotypic (including biochemical) tests. You will
need to go over what identification is (the LAST of the 5 I`s), and the definitions of
methods that are used for identification of bacteria: phenotypic, molecular, immunologic,
and genetic. rRNA sequencing is an example of genetic testing, not phenotypic
Which of the following is not a phenotypic trait of bacteria?
A)rRNA sequencing
B)Cell Shape
,C)Growth pattern in a culture medium
D)Biochemical reaction
E) Colony size and shape
Mycoplasm pneuoniae
Definitions: 1) Mycoplasma - a group of bacteria that lack cell wall; Peptidoglycan - the
substance that makes up the rigid bacterial cell wall ; cell wall is a rigid structure that
prevents bacteria from bursting out, and 99.9% of all bacteria have it. So knowing that the
questions answer includes the term "Peptidoglycan" should prompt your brain to make a
connection: No peptidoglycan means no cell wall, and that means that the bacterium is
called Mycoplasma is the infectious agent (the culprit) in this case.
A client has a serious case of the flu. A random sample of sputum was taken from the
patient coughing up blood. The lab tech said they had isolated a bacterium that did not have
any peptidoglycan. You hypothesize that the identity of this microbe could possibly be
_______.
A)Mycobacterium tuberculosis
B)Borrelia burghdorferi
C)Streptococcus pneumoniae
D)Mycoplasma pneumoniae
E)Staphylococcus aureus
Cytoplasmic Inclusions
They do NOT contribute to how pathogenic (dangerous) bacterium is. One of the ways to
arrive to this conclusion is to know the following:
-1) fimbrae are organelles of attachment. Think back to our lecture, where we said
"attachment could be a good thing for the survival of bacteria, but also could be a bad
thing, if for example, bacteria attaches to the artificial surface, like a prosthetic joint. Then
it can lead to formation of a biofilm (check out what biofilm is in one of our slides) inside
of the human body, and that could lead to infection
, 2) capsule and slime layer- (capsule especially), is a slippery cover made from
glycoproteins ("slimey"), which makes bacterium easier to avoid being grabbed by the
special cells of our immune system called "phagocytes" (phagocytes are special immune
cells, whos job is to "gobble up" the suspected dangerous bacteria). Again, we did
mention thos
All of the following structures contribute to the ability of pathogenic bacteria to cause
disease except the _______.
A)cytoplasmic inclusions
B)fimbriae
C)capsule
D)slime layer
E)LPS (lipopolysaccharide)
In a habitat abundant in nutrients
The glycogen cell inclusions are blobs of glycogen surrounded by the thin protein shell.
The glycogen is a storage polysaccharide , a type of carbohydrate polymer, made of
glucose (see the chapter 1, portion on macromolecules (carbohydrates), and when cell
comes across abundant nutrient, it will "stockpile" on those.
In which situation would a bacterium most likely synthesize cytoplasmic inclusions (such as
glycogen inclusions)?
A) When cell is dividing (reproduction)
B) In a habitat abundant in nutrients
C) When the cell is starved for nutrients
D) When there are too many other organisms present
Protein synthesis would stop
Ribosomes are major organelles present in all three domains of life , Archaea, Bacteria
and Eukaryotes. They are responsible for protein synthesis
