Clinical Management I Drug Flashcards
Albuterol (Proventil) - ANS Class: Bronchodilator
MOA: Binds to beta adrenergic receptors leading to bronchodilation.
Tell clients to report worsening conditions despite drug use.
Ipratropium (Atrovent) - ANS Class: Anticholinergic/Antihistamine
MOA: Inhibits cholinergic receptors in airway smooth muscle, leading to bronchodilation.
Likely to cause a dry mouth.
Methylprednisolone (Depo-Medrol) - ANS Class: Corticosteroid
MOA: Suppresses inflammation and normal immune response. Inhibits neutrophils, eosinophils,
histamine, leukotrienes, prostaglandins.
With Corticosteroids, think of watching for yeast infection.
Beclomethasone (Beclovent) - ANS Corticosteroid
Potent, locally acting anti-inflammatory and immune modulator.
Watch for yeast infection
Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) - ANS Antihistamine
Antagonizes effects of histamine. Significant CNS depressant and anticholinergic properties
Often added for therapy for asthma; sedation is a big concern.
Montelukast (Singulair) - ANS Leukotriene Antagonist
Antagonizes the effects of leukotrienes responsible for airway edema, bronchoconstriction, and
mucus production; Decreases inflammatory response.
May cause suicidal behavior/thoughts.
Cromolyn (Intal) - ANS Mast cell stabilizer
Decreases inflammatory response by stabilizing mast cells, reducing the amount of histamine
released.
,Bitter to the taste, so plan for oral care after or have patients take with juice.
Omalizumab (Xolair) - ANS Monoclonal antibody
Blocks release of inflammatory cytokines that trigger airway inflammation by down regulating
IgE receptors on mast cells.
Must be refrigerated up until just prior to administration. Can cause dysmenorrhea.
Dextromethorphan (Robitussin) - ANS Antitussive
Suppresses cough reflex by acting on medulla.
When being used as lozenge or syrup, have clients avoid eating or drinking for 30 minutes, as
to not dull the effect; Contraindicated in productive cough.
Guaifenesin (Mucinex) - ANS Expectorant
Reduces viscosity of secretions. Mobilization and excitation of mucus.
Not for under age 4
Acetylcysteine (Mucomyst) - ANS Mucolytic
Disrupts the molecular structure of mucus, decreasing viscosity, allowing for easier mobilization
and expectoration.
Inhaled form can prevent asthma attacks. Oral form used as antidote to prevent liver damage
due to acetaminophen overdose.
Epoetin (Epogen) - ANS Anti-anemic
Stimulates erythropoiesis
Black Box Warning: Increased risk of death in patients with cancer and renal failure.
Watch for signs of blood clots and teach patient ways to avoid self-injury.
Filgrastim (Neupogen) - ANS Colony-stimulating factor
Binds to and stimulates immature neutrophils to divide and differentiate; also activates mature
neutrophils.
Use cautiously in patients with existing cardiac disease or during pregnancy/lactation.
, Ferrous Sulfate (Feosol) - ANS Anti-anemic
Iron supplement
Can cause seizures and anaphylaxis. Don't take with milk or antacids. Advise that stools may
become dark green or black, but this is a harmless change. Have patients follow a diet high in
iron-rich foods.
Cyanocobalamin (Nascobal) - ANS Anti-anemic; Vitamin supplement
Vitamin B12 supplement. Required for cell production and hematopoiesis.
Encourage a well balanced diet, especially with foods rich in B12. Do not self medicate with B12
during treatment.
Procainamide (Procan) - ANS Anti-dysrhythmic (Class Ia)
Sodium channel blockers.
Sodium channel blocker, blocks sodium in myocardial cells, reducing automaticity and slowing
conduction.
Do not double dose, notify provider for chest pain, report jaundice. Limit ETOH. Causes
anticholinergic effects.
Lidocaine (Xylocaine) - ANS Anti-dysrhythmic (Class Ib); anesthetic
Not used in pediatrics, heart block, or hepatic disease. Can cause seizures, cardiac arrest, and
anaphylaxis. Monitor EKG and vitals during administration. May cause drowsiness.
Propranolol - ANS Antidysrhythmic (Class II)
Beta blockers
Blocks stimulation of beta 1 and 2 receptors, decreasing HR and BP.
Slow firing of SA nodes. Can cause dysrhythmia; heart failure; bradycardia; fatigue; weakness,
anxiety; etc. Abrupt withdrawal may lead to life-threatening dysrhythmia. Continuous ECG
monitoring for IV administration.
Amiodarone (Pacerone) - ANS Anti-dysrhythmic (Class III)
Potassium channel blockers.
Prolongs AP and refractory period. Inhibits adrenergic stimulation. Slows sinus rate. Increases
PR and QT intervals.
Albuterol (Proventil) - ANS Class: Bronchodilator
MOA: Binds to beta adrenergic receptors leading to bronchodilation.
Tell clients to report worsening conditions despite drug use.
Ipratropium (Atrovent) - ANS Class: Anticholinergic/Antihistamine
MOA: Inhibits cholinergic receptors in airway smooth muscle, leading to bronchodilation.
Likely to cause a dry mouth.
Methylprednisolone (Depo-Medrol) - ANS Class: Corticosteroid
MOA: Suppresses inflammation and normal immune response. Inhibits neutrophils, eosinophils,
histamine, leukotrienes, prostaglandins.
With Corticosteroids, think of watching for yeast infection.
Beclomethasone (Beclovent) - ANS Corticosteroid
Potent, locally acting anti-inflammatory and immune modulator.
Watch for yeast infection
Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) - ANS Antihistamine
Antagonizes effects of histamine. Significant CNS depressant and anticholinergic properties
Often added for therapy for asthma; sedation is a big concern.
Montelukast (Singulair) - ANS Leukotriene Antagonist
Antagonizes the effects of leukotrienes responsible for airway edema, bronchoconstriction, and
mucus production; Decreases inflammatory response.
May cause suicidal behavior/thoughts.
Cromolyn (Intal) - ANS Mast cell stabilizer
Decreases inflammatory response by stabilizing mast cells, reducing the amount of histamine
released.
,Bitter to the taste, so plan for oral care after or have patients take with juice.
Omalizumab (Xolair) - ANS Monoclonal antibody
Blocks release of inflammatory cytokines that trigger airway inflammation by down regulating
IgE receptors on mast cells.
Must be refrigerated up until just prior to administration. Can cause dysmenorrhea.
Dextromethorphan (Robitussin) - ANS Antitussive
Suppresses cough reflex by acting on medulla.
When being used as lozenge or syrup, have clients avoid eating or drinking for 30 minutes, as
to not dull the effect; Contraindicated in productive cough.
Guaifenesin (Mucinex) - ANS Expectorant
Reduces viscosity of secretions. Mobilization and excitation of mucus.
Not for under age 4
Acetylcysteine (Mucomyst) - ANS Mucolytic
Disrupts the molecular structure of mucus, decreasing viscosity, allowing for easier mobilization
and expectoration.
Inhaled form can prevent asthma attacks. Oral form used as antidote to prevent liver damage
due to acetaminophen overdose.
Epoetin (Epogen) - ANS Anti-anemic
Stimulates erythropoiesis
Black Box Warning: Increased risk of death in patients with cancer and renal failure.
Watch for signs of blood clots and teach patient ways to avoid self-injury.
Filgrastim (Neupogen) - ANS Colony-stimulating factor
Binds to and stimulates immature neutrophils to divide and differentiate; also activates mature
neutrophils.
Use cautiously in patients with existing cardiac disease or during pregnancy/lactation.
, Ferrous Sulfate (Feosol) - ANS Anti-anemic
Iron supplement
Can cause seizures and anaphylaxis. Don't take with milk or antacids. Advise that stools may
become dark green or black, but this is a harmless change. Have patients follow a diet high in
iron-rich foods.
Cyanocobalamin (Nascobal) - ANS Anti-anemic; Vitamin supplement
Vitamin B12 supplement. Required for cell production and hematopoiesis.
Encourage a well balanced diet, especially with foods rich in B12. Do not self medicate with B12
during treatment.
Procainamide (Procan) - ANS Anti-dysrhythmic (Class Ia)
Sodium channel blockers.
Sodium channel blocker, blocks sodium in myocardial cells, reducing automaticity and slowing
conduction.
Do not double dose, notify provider for chest pain, report jaundice. Limit ETOH. Causes
anticholinergic effects.
Lidocaine (Xylocaine) - ANS Anti-dysrhythmic (Class Ib); anesthetic
Not used in pediatrics, heart block, or hepatic disease. Can cause seizures, cardiac arrest, and
anaphylaxis. Monitor EKG and vitals during administration. May cause drowsiness.
Propranolol - ANS Antidysrhythmic (Class II)
Beta blockers
Blocks stimulation of beta 1 and 2 receptors, decreasing HR and BP.
Slow firing of SA nodes. Can cause dysrhythmia; heart failure; bradycardia; fatigue; weakness,
anxiety; etc. Abrupt withdrawal may lead to life-threatening dysrhythmia. Continuous ECG
monitoring for IV administration.
Amiodarone (Pacerone) - ANS Anti-dysrhythmic (Class III)
Potassium channel blockers.
Prolongs AP and refractory period. Inhibits adrenergic stimulation. Slows sinus rate. Increases
PR and QT intervals.
