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ANCC Cardiac-Vascular Exam Questions and Answers

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ANCC Cardiac-Vascular Exam Questions and Answers Accelerateds Hypertensions-s CORRECTs ANSWER precursors tos malignants HTNs ands iss characterizeds bys ans increases ins thes patient'ss baselines B P Acutes Coronarys Syndromes-s CORRECTs ANSWER pathophysiologics continuums thats beginss withs plaques ruptures ins as coronarys arterys ands ultim atelys resultss ins cells necrosiss (infarction)s ifs thes processs iss nots arrested 1.s unstables anginas 2.s NSTEMIs 3.s STEMI Brains &s Hypertensions-s CORRECTs ANSWER-Reduces diastolics pressures bys

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ANCC Cardiac-Vascular Exam Questions
and Answers

AcceleratedsHypertensions-sCORRECTsANSWER-
precursorstosmalignantsHTNsandsisscharacterizedsbysansincreasesinsthespatient'ssbaselinesB
P

AcutesCoronarysSyndromes-sCORRECTsANSWER-
pathophysiologicscontinuumsthatsbeginsswithsplaquesrupturesinsascoronarysarterysandsultim
atelysresultssinscellsnecrosiss(infarction)sifsthesprocesssissnotsarrested
1.sunstablesanginas2.sNSTEMIs3.sSTEMI

Brains&sHypertensions-sCORRECTsANSWER-Reducesdiastolicspressuresbysone-
thirds(notstosgos<95smmsHg)susingsaggressivespharmacologicsmeasures

BrugadasSyndromes-sCORRECTsANSWER-
inheritedschannelopathysinvolvingsmutationssofsthesSCN5Asgenesthatsparticipatessinsregula
tionsofscardiacssodiumschannels;sassociatedswithshighsincidencesofsVT/VFsandssuddenscar
diacsdeathsinspeopleswithsstructurallysnormalshearts;scharacterizedsbysST-
segmentselevationsandsRBBB-typesQRSspatternsinsleadsssV1-
V3,stypicallyswithoutsthesdominantsSswavessinstheslateralsleadssthatsissseenswithstruesRBBB

Cardiomyopathys-sCORRECTsANSWER-
diseasesinvolvingsdestructionsofsthescardiacsmusclesfibers,scausingsimpairmentsofsmyocard
ialsfunctionsandsdecreasedscardiacsoutput

DilatedsCardiomyopathys-sCORRECTsANSWER-
1.sInabilitystosmaintainsadequatesCOs(Fatigue,sweakness,ssinusstachycardia,spulsessaltern
ans,snarrowedspulsespressure)
2.sIncreasedsleftsventricularsfillingspressures(dyspnea,sorthopnea,scrackles,sS3/S4,sarrhyth
mias,ssystolicsmurmursassociatedswithsMVsinsufficiency)
3.sIncreasedsrightsventricularsfillingspressuress(peripheralsedema,sJVD,shepatomegaly,sele
vatedsVswave
4.sIncreasedsatrialspressures(palpitations,selevatedsAswave)

DilatedsCardiomyopathys-sCORRECTsANSWER-
thesmostscommonstypesofscardiomyopathy;scommonlyscausedsbyscoronarysarterysdiseases
andsissassociatedswithsimpairedsmyocardialscontractilitysandsincreasedsventricularsfillingspr
essures

Enalaprils-sCORRECTsANSWER-*sACEsInhibitor
*sAdministersIVsatsasratesofs5mg/min

, Esmolols-sCORRECTsANSWER-
*sBetas1sselectivesblockersandsatshighersdosessinhibitssB2sreceptorssinsthesbloodsvessels
*sUsefulsforstreatingshypertension
*sAdministers0.5smg/Kgsovers1sminsloadingsdosesfollowedsbys50mcg/Kg/minsinfusion
*sTitratestosachievesdesiredslowersBP
*sOnsetsofsactionswithinsminutes
*sPeakseffectsinslesssthans5sminutes

EtiologysofsDilatedsCardiomyopathys-sCORRECTsANSWER-
Idiopathic,stoxinss(suchsassalcoholsandscocaine),smusclesdystrophy,smyotonicsdystrophy,sh
ypophosphatemia,shypocalcemia,shypokalemia,sviral/bacterial/fungalsinfections,slupussery
thematosus,speripartumsorspostpartumsstatus,srehmatoidsdisease,sscleroderma,shyperten
sion,sthiaminesdeficiency,smicrovascularsspasm

EtiologysofsHypertrophicsCardiomyopathys-sCORRECTsANSWER-
idiopathic,sgeneticstransmission,sfriedreichsataxia,shypoparathyroidsm,samyloidosis

EtiologysofsRestrictivesCardiomyopathys-sCORRECTsANSWER-
idiopathic,smyocardialsfibrosis,sinfiltration,shypertophy,samyloidosis,shemochromatosis,sgly
cogensdeposition,sscleroderma

Eyess&sHypertensions-sCORRECTsANSWER-
ReducessystolicsandsdiastolicsBP;sobservesretinasforsevidencesofshemorrhage,sexcudate,so
rspapill-
edema;sinstructsthespatientswithsblurringsofsvisionsregardingshissorshersenvironment,sespeci
allyslocationsofsthescallsbell

Hearts&sHypertensions-sCORRECTsANSWER-
Reducesdiastolicsandssystolicspressuresbysone-
third;sadministerscombinationstherapysifspossibles(Vasodilatorsandsbeta-
blocker)sorsACEsinhibitorsforsafterloadsreduction;smonitorsforsischemicschangessonsECG

HypertensivesCrisiss-sCORRECTsANSWER-
severeselevationsinsBP,srelativestosindividual'ssbaselinesBP,swhichscausessrisksofsend-
organsdamagesandspoorslong-
termsoutcomesduestospermanentsorganssystemsdamagesifsthesimmediatesepisodesissnotsrel
atedsquicklysandsaggressively

HypertrophicsCardiomyopathys-sCORRECTsANSWER-
1.sInabilitystosmaintainsadequatesCOs(agina,ssyncope,sfatigue,sST,sVF,sCOsissinitiallysnorma
l,sthensdecreases)
2.sIncreasedsventricularsfillingspressuress(dyspnea,sorthopnea,sarrhythmias,sabnormalshe
modynamicsprofile)
3.sIncreasedsatrialspressures(S4,satrialsarrhythmias,spalpitations,selevatedsAswavesandsRAs
pressure)

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