GEO793 FINAL EXAM REVIEW
ACTUAL Exam Questions and CORRECT
Answers
What are the 3 phases of urbanism? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- 1. Pre-Modernism: before
1950s
2. Modernism: 1940s-1950s
3. Post-Modernism: 1990s-2000s
What is a slum? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- a heavily populated urban area characterized
by substandard housing and squalor, inadequate housing- often not recognized and addressed
by the public authorities as an integral part of the city
Modern Urbanism - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- -1940s-19502
-creation of "regent park" from regent street
-post war housing crisis
-de mapped streets
Post-Modern Urbanism - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- -1990s-2000s
-heritage as commodity
-new developments that replicate old city forms (redevelopment of regent park for ex.)
-Revitilization as code for gentrification
-spatial forms also returns to old style of mapped streets and small blocks
-mixed-use (residential + recreational + commercial)
-Public private partnerships (PPP)
REGENT PARK - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- -North of shuter street
-South of Gerrard
-Pre-modern urbanism: began as a slum for Iriish immigrants
,Concentric Ring Model - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- -Developed by Earnest Burgess in
1924 to explain social patterns in Chicago
-shows how a "typical" land is laid out
-said it was shaped like rings
-based on the idea that land values are the highest in the centre of a town or city
-has since been discredited as it doesn't include certain aspects such as topography and
transportation
the 5 stages of the concentric ring model - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- 1. Central business
District
2. Zone of transition
3. Zone of independent workers' homes
4.Zone of better residences
5. Commuters Zone (most expensive homes found here)
Sector Model - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- -Homer Hoyt, 1939
-expansion of concentric ring
-zones in a city extend outward by transportation (such as highways)
-brings transportation to bear on the model
-wedges instead of concentric rings (looks like a pie)
-not an orderly ring, can be made up of multiple neighbourhoods extending outwards
-Central Business District (CBD) is still at core of model
the 5 stages of the sector model - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- 1. Central Business District
(CBD)
2.Transportation and industry
3.Low-class residential
4. Middle-class residential
5.High-class residential
Multiple Nuclei Model - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- -Chauncy Harris and Edward Ullman,
1945
, -Brings in more than once centre
-incorporates more land uses (e.g. heavy industry, suburbs) to reflect changing realities of
North American cities
-Still based on Chicago model
-multiple business districts, homes and neighbourhoods spring up around each of them
-much more disorganized than other 2
Michael White's Model - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- -Most recent model, 1987
-Brings in changes of the late 20th century
-Deindustrialization and rise of service economy
-Decentralization and changes in suburbs
Michael White's Model- 7 stages - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- 1. Core grows up instead of
out, less retail, more government, financial, and business offices
2. Zone in stagnation areas of disinvestment near CBD
3. Several areas of low-quality housing, often occupied by those in poverty or minority ethnic
groups
4. Elite residential enclaves near centre of older cities, and at periphery.
5. Rest of city is middle-class residences, often divided into neighbourhoods
6. Institutional, industrial, and business centres scattered in middle class area
7. Cities grow out along major roads, and peripheral centres may develop
**BID RENT** - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- 1. CBD with commerce and offices
2. Industry
3. Residential with highest density nearest center
*Most expensive is the middle*
**BID RENT** based on assumptions and simplifications: (know these 4) - CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔- 1. City is on a featureless plain
2. Transport is a function of distance
ACTUAL Exam Questions and CORRECT
Answers
What are the 3 phases of urbanism? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- 1. Pre-Modernism: before
1950s
2. Modernism: 1940s-1950s
3. Post-Modernism: 1990s-2000s
What is a slum? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- a heavily populated urban area characterized
by substandard housing and squalor, inadequate housing- often not recognized and addressed
by the public authorities as an integral part of the city
Modern Urbanism - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- -1940s-19502
-creation of "regent park" from regent street
-post war housing crisis
-de mapped streets
Post-Modern Urbanism - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- -1990s-2000s
-heritage as commodity
-new developments that replicate old city forms (redevelopment of regent park for ex.)
-Revitilization as code for gentrification
-spatial forms also returns to old style of mapped streets and small blocks
-mixed-use (residential + recreational + commercial)
-Public private partnerships (PPP)
REGENT PARK - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- -North of shuter street
-South of Gerrard
-Pre-modern urbanism: began as a slum for Iriish immigrants
,Concentric Ring Model - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- -Developed by Earnest Burgess in
1924 to explain social patterns in Chicago
-shows how a "typical" land is laid out
-said it was shaped like rings
-based on the idea that land values are the highest in the centre of a town or city
-has since been discredited as it doesn't include certain aspects such as topography and
transportation
the 5 stages of the concentric ring model - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- 1. Central business
District
2. Zone of transition
3. Zone of independent workers' homes
4.Zone of better residences
5. Commuters Zone (most expensive homes found here)
Sector Model - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- -Homer Hoyt, 1939
-expansion of concentric ring
-zones in a city extend outward by transportation (such as highways)
-brings transportation to bear on the model
-wedges instead of concentric rings (looks like a pie)
-not an orderly ring, can be made up of multiple neighbourhoods extending outwards
-Central Business District (CBD) is still at core of model
the 5 stages of the sector model - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- 1. Central Business District
(CBD)
2.Transportation and industry
3.Low-class residential
4. Middle-class residential
5.High-class residential
Multiple Nuclei Model - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- -Chauncy Harris and Edward Ullman,
1945
, -Brings in more than once centre
-incorporates more land uses (e.g. heavy industry, suburbs) to reflect changing realities of
North American cities
-Still based on Chicago model
-multiple business districts, homes and neighbourhoods spring up around each of them
-much more disorganized than other 2
Michael White's Model - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- -Most recent model, 1987
-Brings in changes of the late 20th century
-Deindustrialization and rise of service economy
-Decentralization and changes in suburbs
Michael White's Model- 7 stages - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- 1. Core grows up instead of
out, less retail, more government, financial, and business offices
2. Zone in stagnation areas of disinvestment near CBD
3. Several areas of low-quality housing, often occupied by those in poverty or minority ethnic
groups
4. Elite residential enclaves near centre of older cities, and at periphery.
5. Rest of city is middle-class residences, often divided into neighbourhoods
6. Institutional, industrial, and business centres scattered in middle class area
7. Cities grow out along major roads, and peripheral centres may develop
**BID RENT** - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- 1. CBD with commerce and offices
2. Industry
3. Residential with highest density nearest center
*Most expensive is the middle*
**BID RENT** based on assumptions and simplifications: (know these 4) - CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔- 1. City is on a featureless plain
2. Transport is a function of distance
