WGU C172 Network and Security Foundations Exam 190
Questions with Verified Answers
Star topology - CORRECT ANSWER Most common network topology today -
connects all networking devices to a central switch or hub
Ring topology - CORRECT ANSWER Each node connects to exactly two other nodes
to deliver packets according to its designated turn or the availability of the token.
Bus topology - CORRECT ANSWER Lays out all connecting nodes in a single run
that acts as the common backbone connection for all connected devices
Mesh topology - CORRECT ANSWER Connects a group of clients or nodes directly
to each other
Hub - CORRECT ANSWER Multiport repeater used to interconnect networking
devices. Drawback: it broadcasts the data it receives to all devices connected to
its ports. (Replaced by network switch in most modern networks)
Deterministic - CORRECT ANSWER Access to the network is provided at fixed time
intervals (Token Ring topology)
OSI (Open systems interconnect) - CORRECT ANSWER A reference model
developed by the IOS to enable different types of networks to be linked together.
Contains 7 layers. Intent: to provide a framework for networking that ensures
compatibility in the network hardware and software and to accelerate the
development of new networking technologies.
Physical layer (layer 1) - CORRECT ANSWER Signals and media: Provides the
electrical and mechanical connection to the network. Examples: EIA/TIA, UTP,
fiber, and network interface cards
Data link layer (layer 2) - CORRECT ANSWER Provides for the flow of data: Handles
error recovery, flow control (synchronization), and sequencing (which terminals
,are sending and which are receiving). Considered the "media access control layer"
and is where Media Access Control (MAC) addressing is defined. Ethernet 802.3
standard is defined in this area. (MAC address sometimes called the Ethernet
address)
Network layer (layer 3) - CORRECT ANSWER Provides routing decisions: Accepts
outgoing messages and combines messages or segments into packets, adding a
heading that includes routing information. It acts as the network controller.
Examples: IP and IPX (Internetwork packet exchange)
Transport layer (layer 4) - CORRECT ANSWER Ensures error-free packets:
Concerned with message integrity between source and destination.
Segments/reassembles (the packets) and handles flow control. Examples: TCP,
User Datagram Protocol (UDP)
Session layer (layer 5) - CORRECT ANSWER Establishes, maintains, and terminates
sessions: Provides the control functions necessary to establish, manage, and
terminate the connections as required to satisfy the user request. Examples:
Network File System (NFS), SQL
Presentation layer (layer 6) - CORRECT ANSWER Protocol conversion, data
translation: Accepts and structures the messages for the application. It translates
the message from one code to another if necessary. Responsible for data
compression and encryption. Examples: ASCII, JPEG
Application layer (layer 7) - CORRECT ANSWER Support for applications: Interacts
with application programs that incorporate a communication component such as
your Internet browser and email. This layer is responsible for logging the message
in, interpreting the request, and determining what info is needed to support the
request. Examples: HTTP, FTP, SMTP
Layer 1 (issue) - CORRECT ANSWER Issue: The connection to the machine is down
- a cabling problem
Layer 3 (issue) - CORRECT ANSWER Issue: The network is down, or a router
problem
, Layer 7 (issue) - CORRECT ANSWER Issue: A service on a specific machine is down
- a network is having problems accessing an email server that uses SMTP
Layer 3 test - CORRECT ANSWER Ping the IP address to check quickly that there is
a network connection
reply from - CORRECT ANSWER response for a ping that indicates the connection
to the server is up
request timed out - CORRECT ANSWER response for a ping that indicates the
network connection is down (could be a problem with: cabling, a switch, a router,
email server down)
Layer 2 (issue) - CORRECT ANSWER Issue: problem with a switch
Physical Data Network Transport Session Presentation Application - CORRECT
ANSWER Please do not throw sausage pizza away (mnemonic device to remember
OSI from 1 to 7)
Application Presentation Session Transport Network Data Physical - CORRECT
ANSWER All people seem to need data processing (mnemonic device to
remember OSI from 7 to 1)
MAC (Media accessing control) - CORRECT ANSWER Layer 2 - ipconfig /all in
command line. 6 bytes (48 bits) displayed in 12 hex digits. Also called the
Ethernet, physical, hardware or adapter address.
IP address - CORRECT ANSWER Layer 3 - IPv4 or IPv6 - ipconfig /all - subnet mask,
default gateway, dns assignment
TCP/IP protocol suite - CORRECT ANSWER Transport layer & network layer
protocol combination - **reliable
UDP (User datagram protocol) - CORRECT ANSWER sending network data with as
little overhead as possible - **unreliable
Questions with Verified Answers
Star topology - CORRECT ANSWER Most common network topology today -
connects all networking devices to a central switch or hub
Ring topology - CORRECT ANSWER Each node connects to exactly two other nodes
to deliver packets according to its designated turn or the availability of the token.
Bus topology - CORRECT ANSWER Lays out all connecting nodes in a single run
that acts as the common backbone connection for all connected devices
Mesh topology - CORRECT ANSWER Connects a group of clients or nodes directly
to each other
Hub - CORRECT ANSWER Multiport repeater used to interconnect networking
devices. Drawback: it broadcasts the data it receives to all devices connected to
its ports. (Replaced by network switch in most modern networks)
Deterministic - CORRECT ANSWER Access to the network is provided at fixed time
intervals (Token Ring topology)
OSI (Open systems interconnect) - CORRECT ANSWER A reference model
developed by the IOS to enable different types of networks to be linked together.
Contains 7 layers. Intent: to provide a framework for networking that ensures
compatibility in the network hardware and software and to accelerate the
development of new networking technologies.
Physical layer (layer 1) - CORRECT ANSWER Signals and media: Provides the
electrical and mechanical connection to the network. Examples: EIA/TIA, UTP,
fiber, and network interface cards
Data link layer (layer 2) - CORRECT ANSWER Provides for the flow of data: Handles
error recovery, flow control (synchronization), and sequencing (which terminals
,are sending and which are receiving). Considered the "media access control layer"
and is where Media Access Control (MAC) addressing is defined. Ethernet 802.3
standard is defined in this area. (MAC address sometimes called the Ethernet
address)
Network layer (layer 3) - CORRECT ANSWER Provides routing decisions: Accepts
outgoing messages and combines messages or segments into packets, adding a
heading that includes routing information. It acts as the network controller.
Examples: IP and IPX (Internetwork packet exchange)
Transport layer (layer 4) - CORRECT ANSWER Ensures error-free packets:
Concerned with message integrity between source and destination.
Segments/reassembles (the packets) and handles flow control. Examples: TCP,
User Datagram Protocol (UDP)
Session layer (layer 5) - CORRECT ANSWER Establishes, maintains, and terminates
sessions: Provides the control functions necessary to establish, manage, and
terminate the connections as required to satisfy the user request. Examples:
Network File System (NFS), SQL
Presentation layer (layer 6) - CORRECT ANSWER Protocol conversion, data
translation: Accepts and structures the messages for the application. It translates
the message from one code to another if necessary. Responsible for data
compression and encryption. Examples: ASCII, JPEG
Application layer (layer 7) - CORRECT ANSWER Support for applications: Interacts
with application programs that incorporate a communication component such as
your Internet browser and email. This layer is responsible for logging the message
in, interpreting the request, and determining what info is needed to support the
request. Examples: HTTP, FTP, SMTP
Layer 1 (issue) - CORRECT ANSWER Issue: The connection to the machine is down
- a cabling problem
Layer 3 (issue) - CORRECT ANSWER Issue: The network is down, or a router
problem
, Layer 7 (issue) - CORRECT ANSWER Issue: A service on a specific machine is down
- a network is having problems accessing an email server that uses SMTP
Layer 3 test - CORRECT ANSWER Ping the IP address to check quickly that there is
a network connection
reply from - CORRECT ANSWER response for a ping that indicates the connection
to the server is up
request timed out - CORRECT ANSWER response for a ping that indicates the
network connection is down (could be a problem with: cabling, a switch, a router,
email server down)
Layer 2 (issue) - CORRECT ANSWER Issue: problem with a switch
Physical Data Network Transport Session Presentation Application - CORRECT
ANSWER Please do not throw sausage pizza away (mnemonic device to remember
OSI from 1 to 7)
Application Presentation Session Transport Network Data Physical - CORRECT
ANSWER All people seem to need data processing (mnemonic device to
remember OSI from 7 to 1)
MAC (Media accessing control) - CORRECT ANSWER Layer 2 - ipconfig /all in
command line. 6 bytes (48 bits) displayed in 12 hex digits. Also called the
Ethernet, physical, hardware or adapter address.
IP address - CORRECT ANSWER Layer 3 - IPv4 or IPv6 - ipconfig /all - subnet mask,
default gateway, dns assignment
TCP/IP protocol suite - CORRECT ANSWER Transport layer & network layer
protocol combination - **reliable
UDP (User datagram protocol) - CORRECT ANSWER sending network data with as
little overhead as possible - **unreliable
