TNCC study guide Exam with correct
questions and answers
. Describe the signs and symptoms of common chemical,
biologic, radioactive, and explosive agents. - CORRECT
ANSWER-pg 318
3 impacts in a MVC - CORRECT ANSWER-1. vehicle hits another
object: occupant = acceleration
2. occupant collides with interior of vehicle: internal organs
continue
3. internal structure collide with body
4 main types of traumatic injury - CORRECT ANSWER-1. blunt
trauma- falls; mvc; trauma
2. penetrating- stabing; GSW
3. Thermal
4. Blast Trauma- bomb
4. List the three components of the trauma triad of death. -
CORRECT ANSWER-Acidosis
hypothermial
coagulopathy
5 forms of energy that exist - CORRECT ANSWER-1.
Mechanical- energy transfer from one object to another in form
of motion
2. thermal-heat transfer from environment to host
,3. chemical- heat energy trnsfer from active chemical
substances such as chlorine, drain cleaner, acids
4. electrical- energy transfer from light socket
5. radiant- energy transfer from blast sound waves, nuclear,
rays from the sn
5 mechanisms of injury in a blast trauma - CORRECT ANSWER-
Primary: blast injury; air-filled organs at risk to rupture
secondary: fragment injuries; puncture wounds; lacerations
tertiary: impacts with larger objectes propelled by the blast win
causing blunt trauma
quaternary: heat/flame/gas and smoke
quinary: exposure to hazardous materials (radioactive)
7. Which lab value is unique to the administration of large
amounts of banked blood and why? - CORRECT ANSWER-
Calcium b/c blood bank adds citrate to blood and citrate binds
to calcium. Calcium is important for clotting
*significant if pt needs more than 1 unit of blood Q5 minutes
8. What criteria allow the trauma patient cervical spinal
clearance using NEXUS? - CORRECT ANSWER--no posterior
midline cervical spine tenderness
-no evidence of intoxication is present
the pt has a normal level of alertness
-no focal neurologic deficit is present
-the pt does not have a painful distracting injury
,Abrasion vs abulsion - CORRECT ANSWER-partial or full
thickness wounds that denues the skin (road rash)
avulsion: full-thickness wounds. Edges are not well
approximated
Assessment of airway - CORRECT ANSWER-Insect for tongue
obstruction; loose/missing teeth;
foreign objects;
blood, vomit, secretion;
edema
inhalation injury;
listen for gurgling/snoring/stridor;
palpate for occlusive maxillofacial bony deformity;
subcutaneous emphysema
Biomechanics - CORRECT ANSWER-general study of forces and
their effects
Characterisitcs of an effective team - CORRECT ANSWER-
dynamic
interdependent
adaptive
common goal
COMMUNICATION
COOPERATION
COORDINATION
Compensated shock - CORRECT ANSWER-1. anxiety, lethargy,
confusion, and restless
2. systolic BP = normal
3. rising diastolic BP = narrowed pulse pressure
4. bounding & tachy pulse
5. increased resp. rate
6. decreased urinary output
, deceleration vs acceleration forces - CORRECT ANSWER--
Deceleration: injury that occurs as pt slows down
acceleration injury: injury that occurs as a result of other parts
of the body stopping before the organs do (concussion;
shearing of aorta)
Decompensated shock - CORRECT ANSWER-1. LOC
deteriorates
2. systolic BP= normal or a little lower
3. narrowing pulse pressure
4. tachycardia >100bpm
5. weak and thready pulse
6. rapid and shallow resp.
7. cool, clammy, cyanotic skin
8. base excess not within nomral range of -2 to +2
9. serum lactate levels greater than 2-4
Define an unstable pelvic fracture and list the presenting
clinical findings. - CORRECT ANSWER-2+ fractures of the pelvic
ring that have outward rotaional displacement
assessment: shortening of the leg; external rotation of the leg;
blood at the urinary meatus or hematuria; pelvic
instability/pain; unexplained hypotension or evidence of
hypovolemic shock
Define and list three types of primary brain injury. - CORRECT
ANSWER-skull and craniofacial fractures
intracranial lesions
lacerations, tearing, shearing and bleeding into brain
Define and provide assessment findings for postconcussive
syndrome - CORRECT ANSWER-may develop days or months
following injury
questions and answers
. Describe the signs and symptoms of common chemical,
biologic, radioactive, and explosive agents. - CORRECT
ANSWER-pg 318
3 impacts in a MVC - CORRECT ANSWER-1. vehicle hits another
object: occupant = acceleration
2. occupant collides with interior of vehicle: internal organs
continue
3. internal structure collide with body
4 main types of traumatic injury - CORRECT ANSWER-1. blunt
trauma- falls; mvc; trauma
2. penetrating- stabing; GSW
3. Thermal
4. Blast Trauma- bomb
4. List the three components of the trauma triad of death. -
CORRECT ANSWER-Acidosis
hypothermial
coagulopathy
5 forms of energy that exist - CORRECT ANSWER-1.
Mechanical- energy transfer from one object to another in form
of motion
2. thermal-heat transfer from environment to host
,3. chemical- heat energy trnsfer from active chemical
substances such as chlorine, drain cleaner, acids
4. electrical- energy transfer from light socket
5. radiant- energy transfer from blast sound waves, nuclear,
rays from the sn
5 mechanisms of injury in a blast trauma - CORRECT ANSWER-
Primary: blast injury; air-filled organs at risk to rupture
secondary: fragment injuries; puncture wounds; lacerations
tertiary: impacts with larger objectes propelled by the blast win
causing blunt trauma
quaternary: heat/flame/gas and smoke
quinary: exposure to hazardous materials (radioactive)
7. Which lab value is unique to the administration of large
amounts of banked blood and why? - CORRECT ANSWER-
Calcium b/c blood bank adds citrate to blood and citrate binds
to calcium. Calcium is important for clotting
*significant if pt needs more than 1 unit of blood Q5 minutes
8. What criteria allow the trauma patient cervical spinal
clearance using NEXUS? - CORRECT ANSWER--no posterior
midline cervical spine tenderness
-no evidence of intoxication is present
the pt has a normal level of alertness
-no focal neurologic deficit is present
-the pt does not have a painful distracting injury
,Abrasion vs abulsion - CORRECT ANSWER-partial or full
thickness wounds that denues the skin (road rash)
avulsion: full-thickness wounds. Edges are not well
approximated
Assessment of airway - CORRECT ANSWER-Insect for tongue
obstruction; loose/missing teeth;
foreign objects;
blood, vomit, secretion;
edema
inhalation injury;
listen for gurgling/snoring/stridor;
palpate for occlusive maxillofacial bony deformity;
subcutaneous emphysema
Biomechanics - CORRECT ANSWER-general study of forces and
their effects
Characterisitcs of an effective team - CORRECT ANSWER-
dynamic
interdependent
adaptive
common goal
COMMUNICATION
COOPERATION
COORDINATION
Compensated shock - CORRECT ANSWER-1. anxiety, lethargy,
confusion, and restless
2. systolic BP = normal
3. rising diastolic BP = narrowed pulse pressure
4. bounding & tachy pulse
5. increased resp. rate
6. decreased urinary output
, deceleration vs acceleration forces - CORRECT ANSWER--
Deceleration: injury that occurs as pt slows down
acceleration injury: injury that occurs as a result of other parts
of the body stopping before the organs do (concussion;
shearing of aorta)
Decompensated shock - CORRECT ANSWER-1. LOC
deteriorates
2. systolic BP= normal or a little lower
3. narrowing pulse pressure
4. tachycardia >100bpm
5. weak and thready pulse
6. rapid and shallow resp.
7. cool, clammy, cyanotic skin
8. base excess not within nomral range of -2 to +2
9. serum lactate levels greater than 2-4
Define an unstable pelvic fracture and list the presenting
clinical findings. - CORRECT ANSWER-2+ fractures of the pelvic
ring that have outward rotaional displacement
assessment: shortening of the leg; external rotation of the leg;
blood at the urinary meatus or hematuria; pelvic
instability/pain; unexplained hypotension or evidence of
hypovolemic shock
Define and list three types of primary brain injury. - CORRECT
ANSWER-skull and craniofacial fractures
intracranial lesions
lacerations, tearing, shearing and bleeding into brain
Define and provide assessment findings for postconcussive
syndrome - CORRECT ANSWER-may develop days or months
following injury
