Applied Ethics Midterm
Character Trumps Confidence - Question and answers
Virtuoso CEOS - Question and answers
Self-focused CEOs - Question and answers
financial metrics - Question and answers
Ethics (definition) - Question and answersthe systematic study of general principles of
right or wrong behavior
Morality (definition) - Question and answersculturally transmitted standards of right or
wrong
Organization Ethics (definition) - Question and answersthe application of moral
standards and principles to the organizational context
Layers of Ethical Consideration - Question and answerswhIndividual, cultural/normative,
legal
Individual (layer of ethical consideration) - Question and answerswhen you violate this
level you can end up having difficulty living with yourself
cultural/normative (layer of ethical consideration) - Question and answerswhen you
violate this level you can end up having difficulty functioning in society or in your
organization
legal (layer of ethical consideration) - Question and answerswhen you violate this level
you can end up in trouble with the law
ethical orientation fixed? or able to be developed - Question and answersable to be
developed
ethical expertise characteristics - Question and answers- know more about the ethical
domain
- see the world differently (identify and act on relevant information)
- Have different skill sets (can better define the problem and apply insights from past
problems)
, Kohlberg's stage model levels - Question and answerspreconventional, conventional,
postconventional
moral development model - Question and answersKohlberg's Stage Model
Preconventional (Kohlberg's Stage Model level 1) - Question and answersKohlberg's
stage model: selfish, do what's in your best interest (ex: cheating to get good grade)
conventional (kohlberg's stage model level 2) - Question and answerskohlberg's stage
model: act according to society's set of ethics (Ex: Don't steal because it's illegal)
postconventional (kohlberg's stage model level 3) - Question and answerskohlberg's
stage model: do what you internally know is right
Principle 1 (decision-making) - Question and answersmost of us think of ourselves as
moral and we are very good at rationalizing our actions
the matrix experiment findings - Question and answers- cheating is not directly
correlated with the amount of financial gain
- getting caught does not have as great an influence on whether one cheats
- regardless of changes in pay and the probability of getting caught, individuals cheated
just a bit
shredder condition - Question and answersAt the end of the time individuals are given
the answers to self-check and then instructed to shred their sheets and report the
number they had correct to the experimenter who will pay them and will never see your
sheets.
the fudge factor - Question and answersunethical behavior is driven by 2 competing
motivations.
1) we want to be able to look at ourselves in the mirror and feel good
2) we also want to benefit from cheating and get as much money as possible
fudge factor findings - Question and answers- we cheat up to the level that allows us to
retain our self image as reasonable honest individuals
- our ability to rationalize makes it possible for us to justify the unethical behavior
Principle 2 (decision-making) - Question and answersboth types of decision-making
(system #1 and system #2) have an important role in making ethical decisions
system 1 (principle 2 dual process approach) - Question and answers- intuitive
approach to decision-making
- is a function of emotions & experience
system 2 (principle 2 dual process approach) - Question and answers- logical approach
to decision making
Character Trumps Confidence - Question and answers
Virtuoso CEOS - Question and answers
Self-focused CEOs - Question and answers
financial metrics - Question and answers
Ethics (definition) - Question and answersthe systematic study of general principles of
right or wrong behavior
Morality (definition) - Question and answersculturally transmitted standards of right or
wrong
Organization Ethics (definition) - Question and answersthe application of moral
standards and principles to the organizational context
Layers of Ethical Consideration - Question and answerswhIndividual, cultural/normative,
legal
Individual (layer of ethical consideration) - Question and answerswhen you violate this
level you can end up having difficulty living with yourself
cultural/normative (layer of ethical consideration) - Question and answerswhen you
violate this level you can end up having difficulty functioning in society or in your
organization
legal (layer of ethical consideration) - Question and answerswhen you violate this level
you can end up in trouble with the law
ethical orientation fixed? or able to be developed - Question and answersable to be
developed
ethical expertise characteristics - Question and answers- know more about the ethical
domain
- see the world differently (identify and act on relevant information)
- Have different skill sets (can better define the problem and apply insights from past
problems)
, Kohlberg's stage model levels - Question and answerspreconventional, conventional,
postconventional
moral development model - Question and answersKohlberg's Stage Model
Preconventional (Kohlberg's Stage Model level 1) - Question and answersKohlberg's
stage model: selfish, do what's in your best interest (ex: cheating to get good grade)
conventional (kohlberg's stage model level 2) - Question and answerskohlberg's stage
model: act according to society's set of ethics (Ex: Don't steal because it's illegal)
postconventional (kohlberg's stage model level 3) - Question and answerskohlberg's
stage model: do what you internally know is right
Principle 1 (decision-making) - Question and answersmost of us think of ourselves as
moral and we are very good at rationalizing our actions
the matrix experiment findings - Question and answers- cheating is not directly
correlated with the amount of financial gain
- getting caught does not have as great an influence on whether one cheats
- regardless of changes in pay and the probability of getting caught, individuals cheated
just a bit
shredder condition - Question and answersAt the end of the time individuals are given
the answers to self-check and then instructed to shred their sheets and report the
number they had correct to the experimenter who will pay them and will never see your
sheets.
the fudge factor - Question and answersunethical behavior is driven by 2 competing
motivations.
1) we want to be able to look at ourselves in the mirror and feel good
2) we also want to benefit from cheating and get as much money as possible
fudge factor findings - Question and answers- we cheat up to the level that allows us to
retain our self image as reasonable honest individuals
- our ability to rationalize makes it possible for us to justify the unethical behavior
Principle 2 (decision-making) - Question and answersboth types of decision-making
(system #1 and system #2) have an important role in making ethical decisions
system 1 (principle 2 dual process approach) - Question and answers- intuitive
approach to decision-making
- is a function of emotions & experience
system 2 (principle 2 dual process approach) - Question and answers- logical approach
to decision making
