BMTCN Review Chapter 4
TRANSPLANT PREP REGIMENS - Answer -Treatment leading up to transplant
Acronyms:
Ara-C
BCNU
BU
Cy
DLT
SCT
TBI - Answer -Cytarabine
Carmustine
Busulfan
Cyclophosphamide
Dose limiting toxicity
DStem cell transplant
Total body irradiation
,Induction chemotherapy - Answer -The first treatment given for a disease. It is often part of a standard
set of treatments, such as surgery followed by chemotherapy and radiation. When used by itself,
induction therapy is the one accepted as the best treatment. If it doesn't cure the disease or it causes
severe side effects, other treatment may be added or used instead. Also called first-line therapy, primary
therapy, and primary treatment.
Consolidation chemotherapy - Answer -Treatment that is given after cancer has disappeared following
the initial therapy. Consolidation therapy is used to kill any cancer cells that may be left in the body. It
may include radiation therapy, a stem cell transplant, or treatment with drugs that kill cancer cells. Also
called intensification therapy and postremission therapy.
Maintenance chemotherapy - Answer -Treatment that is given to help keep cancer from coming back
after it has disappeared following the initial therapy. It may include treatment with drugs, vaccines, or
antibodies that kill cancer cells, and it may be given for a long time.
Mobilization chemotherapy - Answer -Stem cell mobilization: A process in which certain drugs are used
to cause the movement of stem cells from the bone marrow into the blood. The stem cells can be
collected and stored. They may be used later to replace the bone marrow during a stem cell transplant.
Conditioning (preparative) chemotherapy - Answer -The treatments used to prepare a patient for stem
cell transplantation (a procedure in which a person receives blood stem cells, which make any type of
blood cell). A conditioning regimen may include chemotherapy, monoclonal antibody therapy, and
radiation to the entire body. It helps make room in the patient's bone marrow for new blood stem cells
to grow, helps prevent the patient's body from rejecting the transplanted cells, and helps kill any cancer
cells that are in the body.
History of SCT and Conditioning - Answer -Atomic bomb
TBI
1st Transplant 1956, -Dr.
Donnall Thomas
, Cyclophosphamide first chemotherapy to be used for SCT
Goal of Conditioning Regimens - Answer -Eradicate existing disease (for malignant)
Myeloablation (more for auto)
Immunosuppress recipient to prevent graft rejection
Preserve non-hematologic organs
What Class of Chemotherapy? (And MOA)
Melphalan
Carmustine
Busulfan
Cyclophosphamide
Thiotepa
Carboplatin - Answer -Alkylating agents: causes cross-linking DNA strands (non-cell cycle dependent)
What Class of Chemotherapy? (And MOA)
Cytarabine
Fludarabine - Answer -Anti-metabolites: Ara-c incorporates into the DNA, makes it non-functional (ATP)
What Class of Chemotherapy? (And MOA)
Etoposide - Answer -Topoisomerase II Inhibitors: bind complex of DNA and topoisomerase (coils and
uncoils DNA for replication)- active in G2 phase of cell cycle
Common Conditioning Regimens: Autologous SCT - Answer -Myeloma- high dose melphalan
Lymphoma- BEAM
TRANSPLANT PREP REGIMENS - Answer -Treatment leading up to transplant
Acronyms:
Ara-C
BCNU
BU
Cy
DLT
SCT
TBI - Answer -Cytarabine
Carmustine
Busulfan
Cyclophosphamide
Dose limiting toxicity
DStem cell transplant
Total body irradiation
,Induction chemotherapy - Answer -The first treatment given for a disease. It is often part of a standard
set of treatments, such as surgery followed by chemotherapy and radiation. When used by itself,
induction therapy is the one accepted as the best treatment. If it doesn't cure the disease or it causes
severe side effects, other treatment may be added or used instead. Also called first-line therapy, primary
therapy, and primary treatment.
Consolidation chemotherapy - Answer -Treatment that is given after cancer has disappeared following
the initial therapy. Consolidation therapy is used to kill any cancer cells that may be left in the body. It
may include radiation therapy, a stem cell transplant, or treatment with drugs that kill cancer cells. Also
called intensification therapy and postremission therapy.
Maintenance chemotherapy - Answer -Treatment that is given to help keep cancer from coming back
after it has disappeared following the initial therapy. It may include treatment with drugs, vaccines, or
antibodies that kill cancer cells, and it may be given for a long time.
Mobilization chemotherapy - Answer -Stem cell mobilization: A process in which certain drugs are used
to cause the movement of stem cells from the bone marrow into the blood. The stem cells can be
collected and stored. They may be used later to replace the bone marrow during a stem cell transplant.
Conditioning (preparative) chemotherapy - Answer -The treatments used to prepare a patient for stem
cell transplantation (a procedure in which a person receives blood stem cells, which make any type of
blood cell). A conditioning regimen may include chemotherapy, monoclonal antibody therapy, and
radiation to the entire body. It helps make room in the patient's bone marrow for new blood stem cells
to grow, helps prevent the patient's body from rejecting the transplanted cells, and helps kill any cancer
cells that are in the body.
History of SCT and Conditioning - Answer -Atomic bomb
TBI
1st Transplant 1956, -Dr.
Donnall Thomas
, Cyclophosphamide first chemotherapy to be used for SCT
Goal of Conditioning Regimens - Answer -Eradicate existing disease (for malignant)
Myeloablation (more for auto)
Immunosuppress recipient to prevent graft rejection
Preserve non-hematologic organs
What Class of Chemotherapy? (And MOA)
Melphalan
Carmustine
Busulfan
Cyclophosphamide
Thiotepa
Carboplatin - Answer -Alkylating agents: causes cross-linking DNA strands (non-cell cycle dependent)
What Class of Chemotherapy? (And MOA)
Cytarabine
Fludarabine - Answer -Anti-metabolites: Ara-c incorporates into the DNA, makes it non-functional (ATP)
What Class of Chemotherapy? (And MOA)
Etoposide - Answer -Topoisomerase II Inhibitors: bind complex of DNA and topoisomerase (coils and
uncoils DNA for replication)- active in G2 phase of cell cycle
Common Conditioning Regimens: Autologous SCT - Answer -Myeloma- high dose melphalan
Lymphoma- BEAM
