FNP (AANP Study) Guide questions with
complete solutions
Microcytic Anemias - correct answer -IDA, Thalassemia, Lead Toxicity
Macrocytic Anemias - correct answer -B12 Deficiency and Folate deificiency
IDA - correct answer -Microcytic, hypochromic
Patient Presentation with microcytic anemia - correct answer -Weakness, headache, irritability, fatigue,
and exercise intolerance. Worsening of angina or dementia
TIBC - correct answer -Elevated with IDA
Average lifespan of RBCs - correct answer -100-120 days
RDW <15% - correct answer -Longstanding anemia in that all cells are small
RDW > 15% - correct answer -New onset anemia; There is a mixture of normal and small RBCs
Iron Rich foods - correct answer -Organ meats, red meats, dried peas and beans, whole grains, and dark,
green, leafy vegetables
Iron Replacement - correct answer -150-200 mg/d Elemental Iron x4-6 months
Beta Thalassemia - correct answer -Avoid excessive iron consumption and will need genetic counseling
Alpha Thalassemia - correct answer -Asians, Mediterranean origin, avoid inappropriate exposure to iron,
no therapy needed in minima and minor
,Liver - correct answer -Where excess iron is stored
Thalassemia Lab Results - correct answer -Decrease hct, hgb, MCV, and MCH
Normal RDW, serum iron, serum ferritin, and TIBC
IDA Lab Results - correct answer -Decrease in hgb, hct, MCV, MCH, serum iron, and serum ferritin
Elevated RDW & TIBC
RBC lifespan in chronic disease - correct answer -60-90 days
Macrocytosis Etiologies - correct answer -ETOH abuse, substance abuse, celiac disease, IBS, pregnancy,
lactation, certain medications, and myelodysplastic syndromes
Which macrocytic anemia is characterized by neuro changes? - correct answer -Vit B12 (Folate does not
usually present with neuro changes)
Thrombocytopenia - correct answer -Platelet count less than 150,000
Thrombocytopenia Etiology - correct answer -Drug induced, SLE, recent infection, idiopathic,
antiphospholipid syndrome, or leukemia
Agranular WBCs - correct answer -Lymphocytes 20-25%
Monocytes 3-8%
Granular WBCs - correct answer -Basophils 0.5-1%
Neutrophils 60-70%
Eosinophils 2-4%
Eosinophils will increase with... - correct answer -Allergic reactions and parasitic infections
,On a CBC think a viral infection when... - correct answer -Poly's and Lumphs are numerically close
On a CBC think bacterial infection when... - correct answer -Poly's and Lymphs are numerically distant
On a CBC, what will increase first with an infection? - correct answer -Poly's and Lymphs
Mono's on a CBC react within what amount of time in an infection? - correct answer -24 hours
What are bands? - correct answer -Immature WBCs and when present represents a bad infection
Common medications that can cause anemia - correct answer -Metformin and PPIs
Hgb to Hct ratio - correct answer -1:3
Only time you will see the Hgb : Hct ratio differ? - correct answer -Severe dehydration will decrease the
Hct because it is volume dependent
As MCV decreases, the RDW _____________? - correct answer -Increases
As the MCV increases, the RDW ________________? - correct answer -Increases
Normal response to anemia is________________ - correct answer -Reticulocytosis
Most common etiology for normocytic normochromic anemia - correct answer -Acute blood loss or
anemia of chronic disease
At risk groups for alpha Thalassemia minor - correct answer -AAA
Asian, African ancestry
, At risk groups for beta Thalassemia minir - correct answer -BAMME
African, Mediterranean, Middle Eastern ancestry
Drug-Induced Macrocytosis without anemia - correct answer -MCV elevated and MCH/RDW normal. Can
be caused by Dilantin, AZT, Depakote, or Tegretol
Most common type of anemia in childhood - correct answer -IDA
Most common type of anemia during pregnancy - correct answer -IDA
Most common type of anemia in women during reproductive years - correct answer -IDA
Most common type of anemia in the elderly - correct answer -Anemia of chronic disease
Risk of pregnancy in having a child with Thalassemia when the mother and father both have beta
Thalassemia minor - correct answer -1 in 4 chance with every pregnancy
Sickle Cell Anemia risks if the mother and father both have one copy of the sickle cell gene with each
pregnancy - correct answer -1:4 does not have sickle cell
2:4 one copy of sickle cell
1:4 has sickle cell anemia
Most common enzymatic disorder of red blood cells in humans - correct answer -G6PD
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase
What do patients with G6PD need to avoid? - correct answer -Sulfa drugs, aspirin, and fava beans
because consumption will precipitate lysis of RBCs
Primary cause of blindness in adults - correct answer -Macular degeneration
complete solutions
Microcytic Anemias - correct answer -IDA, Thalassemia, Lead Toxicity
Macrocytic Anemias - correct answer -B12 Deficiency and Folate deificiency
IDA - correct answer -Microcytic, hypochromic
Patient Presentation with microcytic anemia - correct answer -Weakness, headache, irritability, fatigue,
and exercise intolerance. Worsening of angina or dementia
TIBC - correct answer -Elevated with IDA
Average lifespan of RBCs - correct answer -100-120 days
RDW <15% - correct answer -Longstanding anemia in that all cells are small
RDW > 15% - correct answer -New onset anemia; There is a mixture of normal and small RBCs
Iron Rich foods - correct answer -Organ meats, red meats, dried peas and beans, whole grains, and dark,
green, leafy vegetables
Iron Replacement - correct answer -150-200 mg/d Elemental Iron x4-6 months
Beta Thalassemia - correct answer -Avoid excessive iron consumption and will need genetic counseling
Alpha Thalassemia - correct answer -Asians, Mediterranean origin, avoid inappropriate exposure to iron,
no therapy needed in minima and minor
,Liver - correct answer -Where excess iron is stored
Thalassemia Lab Results - correct answer -Decrease hct, hgb, MCV, and MCH
Normal RDW, serum iron, serum ferritin, and TIBC
IDA Lab Results - correct answer -Decrease in hgb, hct, MCV, MCH, serum iron, and serum ferritin
Elevated RDW & TIBC
RBC lifespan in chronic disease - correct answer -60-90 days
Macrocytosis Etiologies - correct answer -ETOH abuse, substance abuse, celiac disease, IBS, pregnancy,
lactation, certain medications, and myelodysplastic syndromes
Which macrocytic anemia is characterized by neuro changes? - correct answer -Vit B12 (Folate does not
usually present with neuro changes)
Thrombocytopenia - correct answer -Platelet count less than 150,000
Thrombocytopenia Etiology - correct answer -Drug induced, SLE, recent infection, idiopathic,
antiphospholipid syndrome, or leukemia
Agranular WBCs - correct answer -Lymphocytes 20-25%
Monocytes 3-8%
Granular WBCs - correct answer -Basophils 0.5-1%
Neutrophils 60-70%
Eosinophils 2-4%
Eosinophils will increase with... - correct answer -Allergic reactions and parasitic infections
,On a CBC think a viral infection when... - correct answer -Poly's and Lumphs are numerically close
On a CBC think bacterial infection when... - correct answer -Poly's and Lymphs are numerically distant
On a CBC, what will increase first with an infection? - correct answer -Poly's and Lymphs
Mono's on a CBC react within what amount of time in an infection? - correct answer -24 hours
What are bands? - correct answer -Immature WBCs and when present represents a bad infection
Common medications that can cause anemia - correct answer -Metformin and PPIs
Hgb to Hct ratio - correct answer -1:3
Only time you will see the Hgb : Hct ratio differ? - correct answer -Severe dehydration will decrease the
Hct because it is volume dependent
As MCV decreases, the RDW _____________? - correct answer -Increases
As the MCV increases, the RDW ________________? - correct answer -Increases
Normal response to anemia is________________ - correct answer -Reticulocytosis
Most common etiology for normocytic normochromic anemia - correct answer -Acute blood loss or
anemia of chronic disease
At risk groups for alpha Thalassemia minor - correct answer -AAA
Asian, African ancestry
, At risk groups for beta Thalassemia minir - correct answer -BAMME
African, Mediterranean, Middle Eastern ancestry
Drug-Induced Macrocytosis without anemia - correct answer -MCV elevated and MCH/RDW normal. Can
be caused by Dilantin, AZT, Depakote, or Tegretol
Most common type of anemia in childhood - correct answer -IDA
Most common type of anemia during pregnancy - correct answer -IDA
Most common type of anemia in women during reproductive years - correct answer -IDA
Most common type of anemia in the elderly - correct answer -Anemia of chronic disease
Risk of pregnancy in having a child with Thalassemia when the mother and father both have beta
Thalassemia minor - correct answer -1 in 4 chance with every pregnancy
Sickle Cell Anemia risks if the mother and father both have one copy of the sickle cell gene with each
pregnancy - correct answer -1:4 does not have sickle cell
2:4 one copy of sickle cell
1:4 has sickle cell anemia
Most common enzymatic disorder of red blood cells in humans - correct answer -G6PD
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase
What do patients with G6PD need to avoid? - correct answer -Sulfa drugs, aspirin, and fava beans
because consumption will precipitate lysis of RBCs
Primary cause of blindness in adults - correct answer -Macular degeneration
