BIO 251 Exam 2 New Latest Version 2025 Best
Studying Material with All Questions, Exams of
Biology graded A
Which of the following statements about how the skin prevents disease is false?
a) salt in sweat retards microbial growth
b) the skin is the most common route for organisms to penetrate the body
c) oil glands on the skin make it waterproof
d) native microbes that live on your skin help protect you from infection - ANSWER>>b) the skin is the
most common route for organisms to penetrate the body
This antimicrobial protein is found at high levels in lacrimal secretions (tears)
a) lysozyme
b) defensins
c) sebum
d) C3b - ANSWER>>a) lysozyme
Which component of the compliment system would stimulate neutrophils to phagocytize an attached cell?
a) C5a
b) C5b
c) C3a
d) C3b - ANSWER>>d) C3b
Which of the following would prevent a microbe from activating the Alternative pathway of the compliment
system?
a) a bacteria that has an enzyme that degrades antibodies
b) a bacteria that has a thick cell wall
c) a bacteria that can prevent C3b from binding to it
d) a bacteria that contain no mannose - ANSWER>>c) a bacteria that can prevent C3b from binding to it
Which of the following is NOT a feature of the skin that allows it to serve as a barrier to infection?
a) melanin in the skin is toxic to a bacteria
b) sweat creates a sling environment that prevents non-halotolerant bacteria from growing
c) tight junctions in keratinocytes make the skin waterproof
d) resident flora produce bacteriocins - ANSWER>>a) melanin in the skin is toxic to a bacteria
The immune system cell most commonly associated with allergies is:
a) neutrophil
b) eosinophil
c) basophil
d) macrophage - ANSWER>>c) basophil
Which of the following would be an example of a PAMP?
a) GaGs on the surface of eukaryotic of a PAMP
b) C3b bound to bacteria
c) peptidoglycan
, d) tissue factor - ANSWER>>c) peptidoglycan
This cytokine is released by virally infected cells, anti-viral - ANSWER>>interferon
Suppose that someone's blood stem cells in their marrow ware dividing and developing into B cells. What
cytokine might be responsible for this?
a) chemokines
b) tumor necrosis factor
c) colony stimulating factor
d) interferon - ANSWER>>c) colony stimulating factor
Which of the following cells would likely have Toll-like receptors (TLRs)?
a) mast cells
b) dendritic cells
c) neutrophils
d) T-lymphocytes
e) hepatocytes - ANSWER>>mast cells, dendritic cells
Which of the following would be most likely to be detected by a Rig-like receptor (RLR)
a) bacterial DNA
b) helminth proteins
c) double-stranded RNA
d) LPS - ANSWER>>c) double stranded RNA
What event during inflammation is responsible for swelling?
a) diapedesis
b) increasing vascular permeability
c) vasodilation
d) increased sensitivity of nociceptors - ANSWER>>b) increasing vascular permeability
Put the steps of Phagocytosis in order.
Chemotaxis
Exocytosis
Recognition and Attachment
Engulfment (endocytosis)
Destruction and Digestion
Phagosome maturation and phagolysosome formation - ANSWER>>Chemotaxis
Recognition and Attachment
Engulfment (endocytosis)
Phagosome maturation and phagolysosome formation
Destruction and Digestion
Exocytosis
What are examples of Antigen Presenting Cells? - ANSWER>>Mast cells, Dendritic cells, Macrophages,
B-cells
Which of the following is NOT a way that antibodies assist the immune system in getting rid of
pathogens?
a) labelling pathogens for phagocytosis (opsonization)
Studying Material with All Questions, Exams of
Biology graded A
Which of the following statements about how the skin prevents disease is false?
a) salt in sweat retards microbial growth
b) the skin is the most common route for organisms to penetrate the body
c) oil glands on the skin make it waterproof
d) native microbes that live on your skin help protect you from infection - ANSWER>>b) the skin is the
most common route for organisms to penetrate the body
This antimicrobial protein is found at high levels in lacrimal secretions (tears)
a) lysozyme
b) defensins
c) sebum
d) C3b - ANSWER>>a) lysozyme
Which component of the compliment system would stimulate neutrophils to phagocytize an attached cell?
a) C5a
b) C5b
c) C3a
d) C3b - ANSWER>>d) C3b
Which of the following would prevent a microbe from activating the Alternative pathway of the compliment
system?
a) a bacteria that has an enzyme that degrades antibodies
b) a bacteria that has a thick cell wall
c) a bacteria that can prevent C3b from binding to it
d) a bacteria that contain no mannose - ANSWER>>c) a bacteria that can prevent C3b from binding to it
Which of the following is NOT a feature of the skin that allows it to serve as a barrier to infection?
a) melanin in the skin is toxic to a bacteria
b) sweat creates a sling environment that prevents non-halotolerant bacteria from growing
c) tight junctions in keratinocytes make the skin waterproof
d) resident flora produce bacteriocins - ANSWER>>a) melanin in the skin is toxic to a bacteria
The immune system cell most commonly associated with allergies is:
a) neutrophil
b) eosinophil
c) basophil
d) macrophage - ANSWER>>c) basophil
Which of the following would be an example of a PAMP?
a) GaGs on the surface of eukaryotic of a PAMP
b) C3b bound to bacteria
c) peptidoglycan
, d) tissue factor - ANSWER>>c) peptidoglycan
This cytokine is released by virally infected cells, anti-viral - ANSWER>>interferon
Suppose that someone's blood stem cells in their marrow ware dividing and developing into B cells. What
cytokine might be responsible for this?
a) chemokines
b) tumor necrosis factor
c) colony stimulating factor
d) interferon - ANSWER>>c) colony stimulating factor
Which of the following cells would likely have Toll-like receptors (TLRs)?
a) mast cells
b) dendritic cells
c) neutrophils
d) T-lymphocytes
e) hepatocytes - ANSWER>>mast cells, dendritic cells
Which of the following would be most likely to be detected by a Rig-like receptor (RLR)
a) bacterial DNA
b) helminth proteins
c) double-stranded RNA
d) LPS - ANSWER>>c) double stranded RNA
What event during inflammation is responsible for swelling?
a) diapedesis
b) increasing vascular permeability
c) vasodilation
d) increased sensitivity of nociceptors - ANSWER>>b) increasing vascular permeability
Put the steps of Phagocytosis in order.
Chemotaxis
Exocytosis
Recognition and Attachment
Engulfment (endocytosis)
Destruction and Digestion
Phagosome maturation and phagolysosome formation - ANSWER>>Chemotaxis
Recognition and Attachment
Engulfment (endocytosis)
Phagosome maturation and phagolysosome formation
Destruction and Digestion
Exocytosis
What are examples of Antigen Presenting Cells? - ANSWER>>Mast cells, Dendritic cells, Macrophages,
B-cells
Which of the following is NOT a way that antibodies assist the immune system in getting rid of
pathogens?
a) labelling pathogens for phagocytosis (opsonization)
