UCONN PNB 2264 Exam 1 Questions And Answers
Rated A+
Structure/function relationship ANS Structure is adapted to function
Hierarchy of Organization ANS structure is adapted to function
Homeostasis ANS Not an equilibrium, rather a "dynamic steady state or dynamic constancy"
within narrow limits around the set point
Body Fluid Compartments ANS Intracellular fluid (67%)
Extracellular fluid
interstitial fluid (26%)
blood plasma (7%)
Definition of Homeostasis ANS Dynamic steady state of conditions in the body (especially the
extracellular fluid)
Components of a Control System ANS Physiological variable
Set point/normal range (set by controller)
Sensor/receptor
Integrating (control) center- compares to set point, programs response
Effector (carries out response)
Closed Loop Negative Feedback ANS Change in body temperature if the room temperature
decreases
Negative because the response returns regulated variable toward set point (response removes the
stimulus)
Hormone ANS Target cells in one or more distant places in the body
, Neurotransmitter ANS Neuron or effector cell in close proximity to site of neurotransmitter
release
Paracrine substance ANS target cells in close proximity to site of release of paracrine substance
Autocrine substance ANS autocrine substance acts on same cell that secreted the substance
Closed loop, positive feddback ANS response of the effector reinforced the stimulus
ex. blood clotting
Bad positive feedback ANS cardiogenic shock
Feedback Systems ANS closed loop negative feedback control keeps conditions relatively stable
closed loop, positive feedback control may promote useful change (labor contractions, blood
clotting) or may cause disaster (end-stage circulatory shock)
Open loop/ feed forward regulation ANS response has no feedback
Hydrogen is attached to oxygen via.... ANS polar covalent bonds
"sticky" water molecules ANS hydrogen bonds are attractive force between the hydrogen
attached to an electronegative atom of one molecule and an electronegative atom of a different (eg.
oxygen)
Water's importance to life ANS most effective solvent known
many compounds ionize--> electrolytes
reactive (dehydration synthesis and hydrolysis)
Rated A+
Structure/function relationship ANS Structure is adapted to function
Hierarchy of Organization ANS structure is adapted to function
Homeostasis ANS Not an equilibrium, rather a "dynamic steady state or dynamic constancy"
within narrow limits around the set point
Body Fluid Compartments ANS Intracellular fluid (67%)
Extracellular fluid
interstitial fluid (26%)
blood plasma (7%)
Definition of Homeostasis ANS Dynamic steady state of conditions in the body (especially the
extracellular fluid)
Components of a Control System ANS Physiological variable
Set point/normal range (set by controller)
Sensor/receptor
Integrating (control) center- compares to set point, programs response
Effector (carries out response)
Closed Loop Negative Feedback ANS Change in body temperature if the room temperature
decreases
Negative because the response returns regulated variable toward set point (response removes the
stimulus)
Hormone ANS Target cells in one or more distant places in the body
, Neurotransmitter ANS Neuron or effector cell in close proximity to site of neurotransmitter
release
Paracrine substance ANS target cells in close proximity to site of release of paracrine substance
Autocrine substance ANS autocrine substance acts on same cell that secreted the substance
Closed loop, positive feddback ANS response of the effector reinforced the stimulus
ex. blood clotting
Bad positive feedback ANS cardiogenic shock
Feedback Systems ANS closed loop negative feedback control keeps conditions relatively stable
closed loop, positive feedback control may promote useful change (labor contractions, blood
clotting) or may cause disaster (end-stage circulatory shock)
Open loop/ feed forward regulation ANS response has no feedback
Hydrogen is attached to oxygen via.... ANS polar covalent bonds
"sticky" water molecules ANS hydrogen bonds are attractive force between the hydrogen
attached to an electronegative atom of one molecule and an electronegative atom of a different (eg.
oxygen)
Water's importance to life ANS most effective solvent known
many compounds ionize--> electrolytes
reactive (dehydration synthesis and hydrolysis)
