Porth's Essentials of Pathophysiology 5th Edition Test Bank by Tommie L Norris All Chapters (1-46) | A+ ULTIMATE GUIDE

Answerdone.com


TEST BANK FOR
ci ci




Porth's Essentials of Pathophysiology 5th edition
ci ci ci ci ci




by Tommie L Norris
ci ci ci

,Answerdone.com




1. Chapter 1 ci




Although the basic structure of the cell plasma membrane is formed by a lipid bilayer, most oft
ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ic



he specific membrane functions are carried out by:
ci ci ci ci ci ci ci




A) Bound and transmembrane proteins ci ci ci




B) Complex, long carbohydrate chains ci ci ci




C) Surface antigens and hormone receptors ci ci ci ci




D) A gating system of selective ion channels
ci ci ci ci ci ci




Ans: A ci




Feedback:

The functions of plasma membrane depend on the presence of proteins that are bound in the lipid
ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ic



bilayer and some that have the ability to pass freely into and out of the cell.
ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci




Carbohydrate chains form a cell coat that surrounds the membrane and that contain surface an
ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci



tigens and surface hormone receptors. Some ion channels are gated and open only when them
ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ic



embrane potential changes significantly.
ci ci ci




2. Which describes the function of the nucleus?
ci ci ci ci ci ci




A) It is basically the site of protein synthesis in the body.
ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci




B) It contains the genetic code for the individual.
ci ci ci ci ci ci ci




C) It is the transformer of cellular energy.
ci ci ci ci ci ci




D) It initiates the process of aerobic metabolism.
ci ci ci ci ci ci




Ans: B ci




Feedback:

The nucleus contains DNA, which contains the genetic code that contains the information that co
ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci



ntrols cells. Ribosomes synthesize protein. Mitochondria transform organic compounds into cell
ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci



ular energy. Mitochondria require oxygen for aerobic metabolism, using hydrogen and carbon co
ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci


mbined with oxygen molecules to form carbon dioxide and water as energy is released.
ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci




3. Which of the following aspects of the function of the nucleus is performed by ribosomal
ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ic



RNA (rRNA)? ci

,Answerdone.com


A) Copying and carrying DNA instructions for protein synthesis
ci ci ci ci ci ci ci




B) Carrying amino acids to the site of protein synthesis
ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci




C) Providing the site where protein synthesis occurs ci ci ci ci ci ci




D) Regulating and controlling protein synthesis ci ci ci ci




Ans: C ci




Feedback:

There are three types of ribonucleic acid (messenger RNA, ribosomal RNA, and transfer RNA)
ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ic



that move to the cytoplasm and carry out the actual synthesis of proteins.
ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci




Messenger RNA (mRNA) copies and carries the DNA instructions for protein synthesis to the
ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ic



cytoplasm; ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is the site of protein synthesis; and transfer RNA (tRNA)t
ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ic



ransports amino acids to the site of protein synthesis for incorporation into the protein being s
ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci


ynthesized.

4. Which accurately explains the functions of the organelles lysosomes? They:
ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci




A) Are sacs filled with enzymes that breakdown and remove foreign substances and worn-
ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci



out cell parts
ic ci ci




B) Function in association with the endoplasmic reticulum to modify protein end products
ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ic



and package them into secretory granules or vesicles
ci ci ci ci ci ci ci




C) Are small particles of nucleoproteins that are involved in the synthesis of proteins that
ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ic



remain in the cell as cytoplasmic structural or functional elements
ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci




D) Are a dynamic system of interconnected membranous tubes that functions as a tubular
ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ic



communication system for transporting various substances from one part of the cell to another
ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci




Ans: A ci




Feedback:

Lysosomes are sacs that are filled with hydrolytic enzymes that aid in the processing and remov
ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci


al of unwanted substances within the cytoplasm. The Golgi apparatus functions in association w
ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci



ith the endoplasmic reticulum to modify and package substances in preparation forsecretion, wh
ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ic ci



ereas ribosomes are small particles of nucleoproteins that are involved in the synthesis of protei
ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci



ns. The ER is a tubular communication system for transporting various substances from one part
ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci


of the cell to another.
ci ci ci ci ci

, Answerdone.com


5. Impairment in the function of peroxisomes would result in:
ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci




A) Inadequate sites for protein synthesis ci ci ci ci




B) An inability to transport cellular products across the cell membrane
ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci




C) Insufficient energy production within a cell ci ci ci ci ci




D) Accumulation of free radicals in the cytoplasm ci ci ci ci ci ci




Ans: D ci




Feedback:

Peroxisomes function in the control of free radicals; unless degraded, these highly unstable
ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ic


chemical compounds damage other cytoplasmic molecules. Peroxisomes do not directly co
ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci



ntribute to energy production, protein synthesis, or transport of cellular secretions.
ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci




6. Although energy is not made in mitochondria, they are known as the ―power plants‖ oft
ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ic



he cell because they:
ci ci ci




A) Contain RNA for protein synthesis ci ci ci ci




B) Utilize glycolysis for oxidative energy
ci ci ci ci




C) Extract energy from organic compounds
ci ci ci ci




D) Store calcium bonds for muscle contractions
ci ci ci ci ci




Ans: C ci




Feedback:

Mitochondria contain the enzymes needed for transforming organic compounds into energy that
ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ic



is easily accessible to the cell. Mitochondria contain their own DNA. Glycolysis is anaerobic m
ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci


etabolism and unrelated to oxidative energy. Mitochondria store phosphate bonds (such as in A
ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci



TP) to power cellular functions.
ci ci ci ci




7. Semen analysis indicates that the client's sperm have decreased motility. Which of the
ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ic



following cellular components may be defective within the client's sperm?
ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci ci




A) Ribosomes

B) Microtubules

C) Mitochondria

D) Microfilaments