Midterm Exam - NURS-6501N Advanced PathophysiologyQuestions and Complete Solutions Graded A+

Midterm Exam -
NURS-6501N
Advanced
Pathophysiology
David Mungai [Date] [Course title]

,Midterm Exam - NURS-6501N Advanced Pathophysiology

Question 17

1 pts

Which of the following statements best describes the Glagov phenomenon in the context of
atherosclerotic disease?

 O Vessel wall diameter increases indefinitely with plaque growth to cause stenosis of the
vessel
 Vessel wall remodeling occurs in response to early plaque accumulation without causing
significant luminal stenosis
 Plaque calcification stabilizes the vessel wall, preventing lumen obstruction despite
increasing plaque size
 Blood flow is enhanced in response to plaque deposition as a result of angiogenesis
around the obstructed vessel

Correct Answer: Vessel wall remodeling occurs in response to early plaque accumulation
without causing significant luminal stenosis.



Question 18

1 pts

Which endocrine disorder is associated with decreased bone resorption and consequent
thickening of the bone (osteosclerosis)?

 Diabetes mellitus
 Hypoparathyroidism
 Cushing Syndrome
 Hyperthyroidism

Correct Answer: Hypoparathyroidism



Question 19

1 pts

A middle-aged construction worker has spent the last 25 years using a jackhammer to cut up
sidewalks but has consistently refused to wear protective equipment. He now presents with

,worsening shortness of breath, and a chest X-ray reveals diffuse fibrosis in his lung tissue. What
type of lung disease would be anticipated by pulmonary function testing (PFT) in this case?

 Obstructive lung disease
 Restrictive lung disease
 Asthma-like lung disease
 No lung disease would be detectable by PFT.

Correct Answer: Restrictive lung disease



Question 20

1 pts

A patient is admitted to the hospital with severe sepsis secondary to bacterial pneumonia. Which
of the following types of cell death is most likely to be associated with this patient’s condition?

 Necrosis
 Apoptosis
 Pyroptosis
 Autophagy

Correct Answer: Necrosis



Question 21

1 pts

A ventricular septal defect, with blood flow from the left ventricle to the right ventricle, is an
example of which type of cardiac pathology?

 Shunted flow
 Regurgitant flow
 Flow obstruction
 Pump failure

Correct Answer: Shunted flow



Question 22

, 1 pts

A patient with diverticulosis presents with brisk, bright red bleeding per rectum. The patient
denies any abdominal pain. Which term accurately describes this presentation, and where is the
most likely source of the bleeding?

 Melena; lower gastrointestinal tract
 Melena; upper gastrointestinal tract
 Hematochezia; lower gastrointestinal tract
 Hematochezia; upper gastrointestinal tract

Correct Answer: Hematochezia; lower gastrointestinal tract



Question 23

1 pts

A patient presents with left lower quadrant abdominal pain, fever, vomiting, and leukocytosis.
These clinical features are most indicative of which condition?

 Diverticulitis
 Acute cholecystitis
 Diverticulosis
 Appendicitis

Correct Answer: Diverticulitis



Question 24

1 pts

Autophagy serves a variety of cellular functions but is NOT responsible for which of the
following?

 Normal cell turnover
 Protein synthesis
 Normal cell metabolism
 Tissue atrophy

Correct Answer: Protein synthesis