2024 BIOL 546 FINAL EXAM 2 AND
3 REVIEW WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS
The stimulus for the secretion of HCl during the cephalic phase of gastric
regulation is ________. - CORRECT-ANSWERSthe vagal stimulation of parietal
cells
Facilitated diffusion is the mechanism used to absorb which molecules from
the intestinal lumen? - CORRECT-ANSWERSFructose.
Breakdown of large particles in the stomach occurs during the __________
phase - CORRECT-ANSWERSretropulsion
Which cells need to stop working to prevent pepsin in the stomach? -
CORRECT-ANSWERSparietal
Pepsin and trypsin share features. What are these? - CORRECT-
ANSWERSThey are secreted as inactive zymogens.
Which is caused by increased levels of the hormone cholecystokinin (CCK)? -
CORRECT-ANSWERSContraction of the gallbladder
The mechanism of water reabsorption in both the proximal convoluted tubule
and the small intestine is based on: - CORRECT-ANSWERSNa+ actively
reabsorbed, water follows osmotically.
Which of these statements about renal autoregulation using
tubuloglomerular feedback is CORRECT? - CORRECT-ANSWERSIncreased
glomerular filtration rate stimulates macula densa cells to release their
chemical signals that constrict afferent arterioles.
The following explains why the kidneys do not have an active (uses ATP)
absorption mechanism for iron ions: - CORRECT-ANSWERSiron ions in the
plasma are not filtered because they are bound to proteins: hence no need
to reabsorb.
The composition of the glomerular filtrate has a special composition. What is
the correct description? - CORRECT-ANSWERSIt is similar to plasma, except it
does not contain plasma proteins.
, Which of the following statements concerning the hormone atrial natriuretic
peptide (ANP) is TRUE? - CORRECT-ANSWERSANP promotes sodium loss at
the kidneys.
Voluntary (conscious) control over micturition is mainly provided by: -
CORRECT-ANSWERSexternal urethral sphincter.
Through the tubuloglomeral feedback mechanism, an increase in blood
pressure will cause the afferent arteriole to ________ and therefore the GFR
will ________. - CORRECT-ANSWERSconstrict; not change
If a person lost the ability to synthesize vasopressin, what physiological
effect does this have for this person? - CORRECT-ANSWERSThe urine would
become hypo-osmotic compared to plasma.
A person having exercised for a long time in a hot climate shows the
following physiological features: the baroreceptors would ________ firing,
leading to ________ secretion of ________ and thus ________ renal reabsorption
of ________. - CORRECT-ANSWERSdecrease; increased; vasopressin;
increased; water
After being in the hot sun for 2 days with very little water, what response of
the body do you expect? - CORRECT-ANSWERSelevated ADH levels
You are asked to describe the renal transport of Na+. Which of the following
answers is most accurate? - CORRECT-ANSWERSSecondary active transport
of glucose H+ in the proximal tubule allows for transport of Na+
What is the physiological response of the kidneys if the sympathetic
stimulation increases? It will cause ________. - CORRECT-
ANSWERSVasoconstriction of afferent arterioles.
One day a person by accident takes two doses of the synthetic drug form of
vasopressin instead of one dose. What symptom does this person most likely
experience due to the increased dosage? - CORRECT-ANSWERSAn increase
in the osmolarity of urine.
If a substance is neither filtered, reabsorbed, nor secreted, in which fluid
compartment would you expect to find it? - CORRECT-ANSWERSblood in the
renal vein
The kidneys handle Na+ in different places of the nephron. Which statement
is correct? - CORRECT-ANSWERSNa+ is actively reabsorbed in the ascending
limb of the loop of Henle.
3 REVIEW WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS
The stimulus for the secretion of HCl during the cephalic phase of gastric
regulation is ________. - CORRECT-ANSWERSthe vagal stimulation of parietal
cells
Facilitated diffusion is the mechanism used to absorb which molecules from
the intestinal lumen? - CORRECT-ANSWERSFructose.
Breakdown of large particles in the stomach occurs during the __________
phase - CORRECT-ANSWERSretropulsion
Which cells need to stop working to prevent pepsin in the stomach? -
CORRECT-ANSWERSparietal
Pepsin and trypsin share features. What are these? - CORRECT-
ANSWERSThey are secreted as inactive zymogens.
Which is caused by increased levels of the hormone cholecystokinin (CCK)? -
CORRECT-ANSWERSContraction of the gallbladder
The mechanism of water reabsorption in both the proximal convoluted tubule
and the small intestine is based on: - CORRECT-ANSWERSNa+ actively
reabsorbed, water follows osmotically.
Which of these statements about renal autoregulation using
tubuloglomerular feedback is CORRECT? - CORRECT-ANSWERSIncreased
glomerular filtration rate stimulates macula densa cells to release their
chemical signals that constrict afferent arterioles.
The following explains why the kidneys do not have an active (uses ATP)
absorption mechanism for iron ions: - CORRECT-ANSWERSiron ions in the
plasma are not filtered because they are bound to proteins: hence no need
to reabsorb.
The composition of the glomerular filtrate has a special composition. What is
the correct description? - CORRECT-ANSWERSIt is similar to plasma, except it
does not contain plasma proteins.
, Which of the following statements concerning the hormone atrial natriuretic
peptide (ANP) is TRUE? - CORRECT-ANSWERSANP promotes sodium loss at
the kidneys.
Voluntary (conscious) control over micturition is mainly provided by: -
CORRECT-ANSWERSexternal urethral sphincter.
Through the tubuloglomeral feedback mechanism, an increase in blood
pressure will cause the afferent arteriole to ________ and therefore the GFR
will ________. - CORRECT-ANSWERSconstrict; not change
If a person lost the ability to synthesize vasopressin, what physiological
effect does this have for this person? - CORRECT-ANSWERSThe urine would
become hypo-osmotic compared to plasma.
A person having exercised for a long time in a hot climate shows the
following physiological features: the baroreceptors would ________ firing,
leading to ________ secretion of ________ and thus ________ renal reabsorption
of ________. - CORRECT-ANSWERSdecrease; increased; vasopressin;
increased; water
After being in the hot sun for 2 days with very little water, what response of
the body do you expect? - CORRECT-ANSWERSelevated ADH levels
You are asked to describe the renal transport of Na+. Which of the following
answers is most accurate? - CORRECT-ANSWERSSecondary active transport
of glucose H+ in the proximal tubule allows for transport of Na+
What is the physiological response of the kidneys if the sympathetic
stimulation increases? It will cause ________. - CORRECT-
ANSWERSVasoconstriction of afferent arterioles.
One day a person by accident takes two doses of the synthetic drug form of
vasopressin instead of one dose. What symptom does this person most likely
experience due to the increased dosage? - CORRECT-ANSWERSAn increase
in the osmolarity of urine.
If a substance is neither filtered, reabsorbed, nor secreted, in which fluid
compartment would you expect to find it? - CORRECT-ANSWERSblood in the
renal vein
The kidneys handle Na+ in different places of the nephron. Which statement
is correct? - CORRECT-ANSWERSNa+ is actively reabsorbed in the ascending
limb of the loop of Henle.
