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Samenvatting Colleges anatomie blok 2

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Alle colleges in één bestand inclusief aantekeningen. Zo hoef je zelf niet elke powerpoint van het hele blok er bij te pakken en te kopiëren, plakken inclusief plaatjes in een word bestand, dit heb ik al voor je gedaan :)

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Week 1 – inleiding vascularisatie

Vascularisatie
Tractus circulatorius = cardiovasculair systeem:
 Hart
 Arterieel systeem – slagader systeem
 Capillaire netwerken – haarvaten net
 Veneus systeem – aderlijk systeem
 Lymfestelsel

Vascularisatie
Hart

Arterieel systeem

Capillair netwerk

Veneus systeem ← Lymfestelsel

Hart

Etc.

Arteriën-venen

Arterie – voert bloed van het hart af.
Slagader
Capillairen – haarvaten
Vene – voert bloed naar het hart toe.
Ader

Slagaders zijn erg gespierd – glad
spierweefsel

,Veneus systeem
• Oppervlakkig systeem (donkerblauw)
• Diep systeem (lichtblauw)
• Verbinding opp-diep:
o vv. perforantes
• Kleppen (van opp naar diep
systeem)
• Varices – kleppen werken niet
goed en bloed gaat van diep
naar opp systeem  spataderen




De bloedsomloop
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pULytfpp5Dc

Hart
• Cor (cordis): latijnse naam voor hart
• In thorax, in mediastinum (ruimte tussen de longen),
op diafragma
• Apex cordis→links
• Palpatie hartslag: in 5de intercostale ruimte
• Pericard (hartzakje): bescherming en zorgt ervoor
dat het hard op zijn plaats blijft

Hart
Ligging en röntgenbeeld




Hart
• 2 harthelften, gescheiden door septum intercordis
• 2 atria (boezems), gescheiden door septum interatriale
• 2 ventrikels (kamers), gescheiden door septum interventriculare
• hartspierweefsel
• Hartskelet bestaande uit bindweefsel (anulus fibrosus cordis). Op de overgang van
de atria naar de ventrikels.

, Hart uitwendig




Hart inwendig
• RA en LA (septum interatriale)
• RV en LV (septum interventriculare)
• RA en RV, LA en LV-> gescheiden door kleppen:
atrioventriculaire kleppen = AV-kleppen

Hart
• Grote in- en uitstroom vaten
• Instroom: venen
• Uitstroom: arteriën→
 RA→RV→ truncus pulmonalis (richting longen) -
longslagader
 LA→LV→aorta (lichaam in)

Hart inwendig
• Wanddikte A ↔ V. Wanddikte van ventrikel is veel
dikker dan van een atria.
• Wanddikte L ↔ R. Linker ventrikel wand is dikker
dan de rechter. Rechts alleen naar longen, links naar
hele lichaam.
• Functie kleppen?
• 4 kleppen totaal
• 2 AV-kleppen:
 Valvula tricuspidalis (dexter) – rechter
 Valvula bicuspidalis/ mitralis (sinister) – linker

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