GISP Study Guide with Questions and Correct Answers

Geodatabase object oriented spatial model, native data structure for ArcGIS, and is the primary data format used for storing, editing, and managing geographic data. Types of Geodatabases Personal, File, Enterprise, workgroup Types of Geodatabase datasets Geometric network, network dataset, parcel fabric, terrain dataset, LAS dataset Distance relations specifies how far is the object away from the reference object. Examples of distance relations at, nearby, in the vicinity;far away Euclidean Distance exact distance between two coordinates sqrt((x1-x2)^2 + (y1+y2)^2)) Manhattan Distance vertical plus horizontal distance - abs(x1-x2)+abs(y1+y2) Internal Direction where an object is located inside the reference object External Direction where the object is located outside of the reference object Spatial Model basic properties and processes for a set of spatial features Vector Data composed of points, lines, polygons Raster composed of rectangular arrays of regularly spaced square grid cells and each cell has a value (attribute) Pixel smallest resolvable piece of scanned image-pixel is always a cell but a cell is not always a pixel. Temporal the world is constantly changing. A static map can only show one time period at once. Imprecision all data is taken from a 3D globe and transferred to a 2D surface through spatial transformations (projections and datum's) which causes distortions with the data. Uncertainty The GIS data was created/collected at a certain point of time, may already be out of data.