CMY3701- ASSIGNMENT
TestAssignment 12 (COMPLETE ANSWERS)
2024 - DUE 4 October 2024
According to Merton an integrated society maintains a balance between two elements -
-ANSWER--social structure; culture
What specifically refers to shorter processes that use more limited information which
relate mainly to the immediate circumstances and situations? - -ANSWER--Criminal
event decisions
Durkheim's work was influential in shifting the analysis of criminality away from sources
rooted in the individual to sources rooted in sociocultural factors. He believed that crime
is a/an... in any society and is therefore ... - -ANSWER--normal phenomenon;
functional.
Social-structure theories focus on ... - -ANSWER--social conditions.
Event decisions involve a sequence of choices made at each stage of the criminal act.
This includes "escape" and "the aftermath". What other sequences of choices are also
included in the event decision process? - -ANSWER--Preparation; target selection;
commission of the act
According to the routine activity theory a person's lifestyle influences the opportunity for
crime because it controls a person's ... - -ANSWER--ability to be protected
Mechanical solidarity refers to? - -ANSWER--Pre-industrial societies where individuals
share common experiences
Converting unacceptable impulses, by acting in a way that opposes them, is called? - -
ANSWER—Sublimation
, According to Merton an integrated society maintains a balance between two elements -
-ANSWER--social structure; culture
What specifically refers to shorter processes that use more limited information which
relate mainly to the immediate circumstances and situations? - -ANSWER--Criminal
event decisions
Durkheim's work was influential in shifting the analysis of criminality away from sources
rooted in the individual to sources rooted in sociocultural factors. He believed that crime
is a/an... in any society and is therefore ... - -ANSWER--normal phenomenon;
functional.
Social-structure theories focus on ... - -ANSWER--social conditions.
According to Kohlberg's stages of development, people make moral decisions, not just
on the basis of what the law says, but on higher principles. This statement refers to
the... - -ANSWER--post-conventional stage.
Which one of the following theories contend that certain changes in the modern world
have provided motivated offenders with a far greater number of opportunities to commit
crime? - -ANSWER--Routine activities theory
Neo-classicists (Joyce, 2006) assert that a person is still accountable for his or her
actions but with minor reservations. Which two specific factors will influence the
offender to reform? - -ANSWER--Past history and present situation
The Classical school believes that behaviour is guided by hedonism. The concept
hedonism can be described as ... whereby offenders calculate the risks and rewards of
crime. - -ANSWER--a pleasure-and-pain principle
Process theories attempt to explain how individuals become offenders. The focus is
on... as experienced by the offender rather than the ... - -ANSWER--social interactions;
social structure.
What is also referred to as "direct conditioning"? - -ANSWER--Differential reinforcement
Discussing the existence of threatening impulses is called ... - -ANSWER--denial.
In terms of the theory of differential association, learning the techniques for committing
crime is less important than acquiring the disposition needed to commit crime. This
includes: - -ANSWER--Motives, attitude and drives
Akers (Williams, 2004) proposes that behaviour will be repeated when... - -ANSWER--
positive reinforcers outweigh negative reinforcers.
TestAssignment 12 (COMPLETE ANSWERS)
2024 - DUE 4 October 2024
According to Merton an integrated society maintains a balance between two elements -
-ANSWER--social structure; culture
What specifically refers to shorter processes that use more limited information which
relate mainly to the immediate circumstances and situations? - -ANSWER--Criminal
event decisions
Durkheim's work was influential in shifting the analysis of criminality away from sources
rooted in the individual to sources rooted in sociocultural factors. He believed that crime
is a/an... in any society and is therefore ... - -ANSWER--normal phenomenon;
functional.
Social-structure theories focus on ... - -ANSWER--social conditions.
Event decisions involve a sequence of choices made at each stage of the criminal act.
This includes "escape" and "the aftermath". What other sequences of choices are also
included in the event decision process? - -ANSWER--Preparation; target selection;
commission of the act
According to the routine activity theory a person's lifestyle influences the opportunity for
crime because it controls a person's ... - -ANSWER--ability to be protected
Mechanical solidarity refers to? - -ANSWER--Pre-industrial societies where individuals
share common experiences
Converting unacceptable impulses, by acting in a way that opposes them, is called? - -
ANSWER—Sublimation
, According to Merton an integrated society maintains a balance between two elements -
-ANSWER--social structure; culture
What specifically refers to shorter processes that use more limited information which
relate mainly to the immediate circumstances and situations? - -ANSWER--Criminal
event decisions
Durkheim's work was influential in shifting the analysis of criminality away from sources
rooted in the individual to sources rooted in sociocultural factors. He believed that crime
is a/an... in any society and is therefore ... - -ANSWER--normal phenomenon;
functional.
Social-structure theories focus on ... - -ANSWER--social conditions.
According to Kohlberg's stages of development, people make moral decisions, not just
on the basis of what the law says, but on higher principles. This statement refers to
the... - -ANSWER--post-conventional stage.
Which one of the following theories contend that certain changes in the modern world
have provided motivated offenders with a far greater number of opportunities to commit
crime? - -ANSWER--Routine activities theory
Neo-classicists (Joyce, 2006) assert that a person is still accountable for his or her
actions but with minor reservations. Which two specific factors will influence the
offender to reform? - -ANSWER--Past history and present situation
The Classical school believes that behaviour is guided by hedonism. The concept
hedonism can be described as ... whereby offenders calculate the risks and rewards of
crime. - -ANSWER--a pleasure-and-pain principle
Process theories attempt to explain how individuals become offenders. The focus is
on... as experienced by the offender rather than the ... - -ANSWER--social interactions;
social structure.
What is also referred to as "direct conditioning"? - -ANSWER--Differential reinforcement
Discussing the existence of threatening impulses is called ... - -ANSWER--denial.
In terms of the theory of differential association, learning the techniques for committing
crime is less important than acquiring the disposition needed to commit crime. This
includes: - -ANSWER--Motives, attitude and drives
Akers (Williams, 2004) proposes that behaviour will be repeated when... - -ANSWER--
positive reinforcers outweigh negative reinforcers.
