CHAPTER ECPI: ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY Verified With Collect Actual Answers

2 MAJOR TYPES OF GENE CAUSE CANCER: - correct answers 1. Oncogenes 2. Tumor suppressor genes 3 MAJOR PARTS OF A CELL: - correct answers 1. Nucleus 2. Cytoplasm 3. Cell membrane - outer bound area ACTIVE TRANSPORT: - correct answers Movement of substances across a membrane from region of lower concentration to region of higher concentration - Uses carrier molecules in membrane - Active process; Requires ATP - Examples: sugars, amino acids ANAPHASE: - correct answers AWAY! - Chromosomes separate and move in opposite direction toward centrioles as the spindle fibers shorten. APOPTOSIS: - correct answers Normal - Programmed cell death - Removes webbing between fetal fingers and toes - Protective, peels away damaged skin cells after sunburn BENIGN: - correct answers Remains in local area BILAYER: - correct answers is permeable to lipid-soluble substances, but impermeable to water-soluble substances. CARBOHYDRATES IN CELL MEMBRANE: - correct answers Cell recognition/interaction. Self markers !!! CELL (PLASMA) MEMBRANE: - correct answers - Outer boundary of cell - Regulates entry and exit of substances meaning it's selectively permeable and makes decisions on what goes in the cell. - Consist mainly of lipids. - Bilayer of phospholipids, cholesterol, and proteins with some carbohydrates. CELL CYCLE: - correct answers Series of changes a cell undergoes from the time it forms until the time it divides CELL DEATH: - correct answers APOPTOSIS NECROSIS CELL MEMBRANE STRUCTURE: - correct answers The framework is phospholipid bilayer - water-soluble (hydrophilic) heads from surfaces - water-insoluble (hydrophobic) tails form interior. CENTROSOME: - correct answers "Central body" - consists of 2 centrioles - In cytoplasm, near nucleus - Centrioles are cylindrical composed of microtubules. - Produce SPINDLE FIBERS DURING CELL DIVISION, which distribute chromosomes to form daughter cell. CHOLESTEROL IN CELL MEMBRANE: - correct answers Stabilizes membrane, helps keep it impermeable to water-soluble substances. Some lipids and proteins can move; "fluid mosaic" properties. CHROMATID: - correct answers Every chromosome formed from 2 chromatids CHROMATIN VS. CHROMATID: - correct answers Chromatin: the network contains genetic material Chromatid: every chromosome formed from 2 chromatids CHROMATIN: - correct answers - Consists of cell's chromosomes, EACH CONTAINING DNA WOUND AROUND PROTEINS - Histone proteins - where DNA is wrapped - Stores information for protein synthesis - Genetic material stored here - Before cell division, this will form a structure and condense to form chromosomes CHROMOSOME: - correct answers a threadlike structure of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus of most living cells, carrying genetic information in the form of genes.