CRIMINOLOGY UNIT 4 REVISION KIT WITH MULTIPLE, WELL ILLUSTRATED QUESTIONS

CRIMINOLOGY UNIT 4 REVISION KIT e e e e




e WITH MULTIPLE, WELL ILLUSTRATED
e e e




e QUESTIONS WHICH ARE CORRECTLY e e e




e ANSWERED AND ALREADY GRADED A+
e e e e




Unit e1.1

Where edoes ea eBill etypically estart? e e e e e e e e e e e e✔✔- eThe eHouse eof eCommons



Unit e1.1

What eis ea eGreen epaper? e e e e e e e e e e e e✔✔- eWhen ea enew elaw eis econsidered, ea eGreen epaper eis
ereleased efor epublic econsultation




Unit e1.1

What eis ea ewhite epaper? e e e e e e e e e e e e✔✔- eA eformal eproposal ewith eamendments ebased eon
epublic eresponse/consultation.




Unit e1.1

,What ehappens eat ethe eFirst ereading? e e e e e e e e e e e e✔✔- eThe ename eof ethe eBill eand eit's emain
eaims eare eread eout eand ea eformal evote eit etaken




Unit e1.1

What ehappens eat ethe eSecond ereading? e e e e e e e e e e e e✔✔- eThe emain edebate etakes eplace
efollowed eby ea esecond evote




Unit e1.1

What ehappens eat ethe eCommittee estage? e e e e e e e e e e e e✔✔- eA eclosed egroup epeople elook eclosely
eat ethe eBill eto eaddress eany eissues eand esuggest eamendments




Unit e1.1

What ehappens eat ethe eReport estage? e e e e e e e e e e e e✔✔- eThe eCommittee ereports eback eto ethe efull
ehouse e




who ethen evote eon ethe eproposed eamendments



Unit e1.1

What ehappens eat ethe eThird ereading e e e e e e e e e e e e✔✔- eThe efinal evote eon ethe eBillIf ethe eBill
eproceeds, e




this eprocess eis erepeated ein ethe eHouse eof eLords, ewho ecan esend ethe eBill eback eto ethe eHouse eof
eCommons eif ethey eare eunhappy ewith eit. e




The eHouses ecan esend ethe eBill eback eand eforth euntil eboth eparties eare ehappy ewith eit



Unit e1.1

,What ehappens eat ethe eRoyal eassent? e e e e e e e e e e e e✔✔- eThe emonarch esigns ethe eBill. ethey ecannot
erefuse eas eit.




Unit e1.1

What eis ejudicial eprecedent? e e e e e e e e e e e e✔✔- eLaw emade eby ejudges ein ecourts. e



When ea ecase eappears ebefore ethem ethey emust emake ea ejudgement eand ethis eforms ethe elaw. e



has ea ehierarchy eof ecourts eDecisions emade ein ea ehigher ecourt ecreates ean eoriginal eprecedent efor
eall elower ecourts




Unit e1.1

What eare ethe eexceptions eof ejudicial eprecedent? eDistinguishing edefinition e e e e e e e e e e e e✔✔- ethe
ejudge efinds ethe efacts ein ethe epresent ecase eare edifferent efrom ethe eprevious eone e




and ewill eallow ethem eto ereach ea edifferent edecision eand enot efollow eprecedent.



Unit e1.1

What eare ethe eexceptions eof ejudicial eprecedent? eoverruling edefinition e e e e e e e e e e e e✔✔- ewhere ea
ecourt ehigher eup ethe ehierarchy estates ethat ea elegal edecision ein ean eearlier ecase eis ewrong eand
eoverturns eit.




UNIT e1.1

The edefinition eof ejudicial eprocesses eof elaw emaking: eStatutory einterpretation e e e e e e e e e e e e✔✔-
eJudges ecan emake elaws eby ethe eway ethey einterpret ethe estatutes eor eActs eof eParliament.




UNIT e1.1

, The e3 erules eof ejudicial eprocesses eof elaw emaking: eStatutory einterpretation e e e e e e e e e e e e✔✔- eThe
eliteral erule


The egolden erule

The emischief erule



UNIT e1.1

The eLiteral erule edefinition e e e e e e e e e e e e✔✔- eJudges eshould euse ethe eeveryday emeaning eof ethe
ewords ein ea estatute eBUT-words ecan ehave eseveral emeanings. e




Eg. eR ev eMaginnis e(1987)-case einvolving eillegal edrugs-different emeanings ewere efound efor ethe eword
esupply.




UNIT e1.1

The egolden erule edefinition e e e e e e e e e e e e✔✔- eThe eliteral erule ecan esometimes elead eto ean eabsurd
eresult.




The egolden erule ecan ebe eapplied eto eavoid ethis ehappening.



In ethe ecase eAdler ev eGeorge e(1964) eAdler estated ehe ehad enot ebroken ethe elaw ebecause ehe ewas
enot eliterally ein ethe evicinity eof ea eprohibited eplace ebut ewas eactually ein eit. e




The ecourt echose eto eapply ethe egolden erule eto eavoid ean eabsurd eresult eand eAdler ewas econvicted.



UNIT e1.1

The emischief erule edefinition e e e e e e e e e e e e✔✔- eThe emischief erule eallows ethe ecourt eto eenforce
ewhat ethe estatute ewas eintended eto eachieve, erather ethan ewhat ethe ewords eactually esay.