2024 HESI Med Surg Exam Version 1 (V1) BRAND NEW Q&As Guaranteed Pass w/A

A nurse is caring for a client with diabetes insipidus (DI). Which data warrants the most immediate intervention by the nurse? A. Serum sodium of 185 mEq/L B. Dry skin with inelastic turgor C. Apical rate of 110 beats per minute D. Polyuria and excessive thirst - A. The nurse is obtaining the admission history for a client with suspected peptic ulcer disease. Which subjective data reported by the client supports the medical diagnosis? A. Frequent use of chewable and liquid antacids for indigestion. B. Severe abdominal cramps and diarrhea after eating spicy foods. C. Upper mid-abdominal pain described as gnawing and burning. D. Marked loss of weight and appetite over the last 3-4 months - C. The nurse assesses a client who is newly diagnosed with hyperthyroidism and observes that the client's eyeballs are protuberant, causing a wide-eyed appearance and eye discomfort. Based on this finding, which action should the nurse include in this client's plan of care? A. Assess for signs of increased intracranial pressure. B. Prepare to administer intravenous levothyroxine C. Review the client's serum electrolyte values D. Obtain a prescription for artificial tear drops. - D. To reduce the risk for pulmonary complication for a client with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), which interventions should the nurse implement? SATA A. Perform chest physiotherapy B. Teach the client breathing exercises C. Initiate passive range of motion exercises D. Establish a regular bladder routine E. Encourage use of incentive spirometer. - A., B., E. A client is hospitalized with heart failure. Which intervention should the nurse implement to improve ventilation and reduce venous return? A. Perform Passive range of motion exercises B. Place the client in High Fowler Position C. Administer oxygen per nasal cannula D. Increase the client's activity level. - B 2024 HESI Med Surg Exam Version 1 (V1) BRAND NEW Q&As Guaranteed Pass w/A A client who was involved in a motor vehicle collision is admitted with a fractured left femur which is immobilized using a fracture traction splint in preparation for an open reduction internal fixation (ORIF). The nurse determines that the client's distal pulses are diminished in the left foot. Which interventions should the nurse implement? SATA A. Verify pedal pulses using a doppler pulse device. B. Evaluate the application of the splint to the left leg. C. Offer ice chips and oral clear liquids D. Monitor left leg for pain, pallor, paranesthesia, paralysis, pressure. E. Administer oral antispasmodics and narcotic analgesics - A., B., D. The healthcare provider prescribes diagnostic tests for a client whose chest x-ray indicates pneumonia. Which diagnostic test should the nurse review for implementation in the most therapeutic treatment of the pneumonia? A. Sputum culture and sensitivity B. Blood cultures C. Arterial blood gases D. Computerized Tomography (CT) of the chest - A. A client with a history of asthma and bronchitis arrives at the clinic with SOB, productive cough, with thickened, tenacious mucous, and the inability to walk up a flight of stairs without experiencing breathlessness. Which action is most important for the nurse to instruct the client about self-care? A. Call the clinic if undesirable side effects of medications occur. B. Avoid crowded enclosed areas to reduce pathogen exposure. C. Increase the daily intake or oral fluids to liquefy secretions. D. Teach anxiety reduction methods for feelings of suffocation - C. The nurse observes a increased number of blood clots in the drainage tubing of a client with continuous bladder irrigation following a trans-urethral resection of the prostate (TURP). What is the best initial nursing action? A. Provide additional oral fluid intake. B. Measure the client's intake and output. C. Increase the flow of the bladder irrigation. D. Administer a PRN dose of an antispasmodic agent. - C. Four days following an abdominal aortic aneurysm repair, the client is exhibiting edema of both lower extremities, and pedal pulses are not palpable. Which action should the nurse implement first? A. Elevate extremities on pillows. B. Evaluate edema for pitting. C. Assess pulses with a vascular doppler. D. Wrap the feet with warmed blankets. - C. A client arrives to the medical unit 4 hours after a transurethral resection of the prostate. A triple-lumen catheter for continuous bladder irrigation with normal saline is infusing and the nurse observes dark, tingled outflow with blood clots in the tubing and collection bag. Which action should the nurse take? A. Monitoring catheter drainage. B. Decreasing the flow rate. C. Irrigating the catheter manually. D. Discontinuing infusing solution. - A. The nurse is planning care for an older adult client who experienced a cerebrovascular accident several weeks ago. The client has expressive aphasia and often becomes frustrated with the nursing staff. Which intervention should the nurse implement? A. Teach the client use of basic sign language. B. Speak slowly to the client. C. Encourage client's use of picture charts. D. Ask the client simple questions. - C. After three days of persistent epigastric pain, a female client presents to the clinic. She has been taking oral antacids without relief. Her vital signs are heart rate 122 beats/ minute, respirations 16 breaths/ minute, oxygen saturation 96%, and blood pressure 116/70 mmHg. The nurse obtains a 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG). Which assessment finding is most critical? A. Irregular pulse rate. B. Bile colored emesis. C. ST elevation in three leads. D. Compliant of radiating jaw pain. - C. A client with AKI weighs 50 kg and has potassium level of 6.7 mEq/L is admitted to the hospital. Which prescribed medication should the nurse administer first? A. Calcium acetate one tablet by mouth. B. Sodium polystyrene sulfonate 15 grams by mouth. C. Epoetin alfa, recombinant 2,500 units subcutaneously. D. Sevelamer one tablet by mouth. - B. A client with gouty arthritis reports tenderness and swelling of the right ankle and great toe. The nurse observes the area of inflammation extends above the ankle area. The client receives prescriptions for colchicine and indomethacin. Which instruction should the nurse include in the discharge teaching? A. Eat high protein foods to achieve ideal body weight. B. Drink at least 8 cups (1920 mL) of water per day. C. Use electric heating pad when pain is at its worse. D. Encourage active range of motion to limit stiffness. - B. A client receives a prescription for 1 liter of lactated Ringer's intravenously to be infused over 6 hours. How many mL/hr should the nurse program the infusion pump to deliver? - 166.6 = 167 A client with a history of peptic ulcer disease is admitted after vomiting bright red blood several times over the course of 2 hours. In reviewing the laboratory results, the nurse finds client's hemoglobin is 12 g/dL and the hematocrit is 35%. Which action should the nurse prepare to take? A. Continue to monitor for blood loss. B. Administer 1,000 mL normal saline. C. Transfuse 2 units of platelets. D. Prepare the client for emergency surgery. - B. An obese client with emphysema who smokes at least a pack of cigarettes daily is admitted after experiencing a sudden increase in dyspnea and activity intolerance. Oxygen therapy is initiated and it is determined that the client will be discharged with oxygen. Which information is most important in the discharge plan? A. Methods for weight loss. B. Guidelines for oxygen use. C. Approaches to conserve energy. D. Strategies for smoking cessation. - B. Which food is most important for the nurse to encourage a male client with osteomalacia to include in his daily diet? A. Fortified milk and cereals. B. Citrus fruits and juices. C. Green leafy vegetables. D. Red meats and eggs. - A. A client with Herpes Zoster (shingles) on the thorax tells the nurse of having difficulty sleeping. Which is the probable etiology of this problem? A. Frequent Cough. B. Pain. C. Nocturia. D. Dyspnea. - B. The nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative for a femoral head fracture repair. Which interventions should the nurse plan to administer for deep vein thrombosis prophylaxis? SATA A. Pnematic compression devices B. Incentive spirometry C. Assisted Ambulation D. Patient controlled analgesia E. Calf-pump exercises F. Prescribed anticoagulant therapy - A, E, F The nurse is obtaining a health history from a new client who has a history of kidney stones. Which statement by the client indicates an increased risk for renal calculi? A. Eats a vegetarian diet with cheese 2 to 3 times a day. B. Experiences additional stress since adopting a child. C. Jogs more frequently than usual daily routine. D. Drinks several bottles of carbonated water daily. - A. A client tells the clinic nurse about experiencing burning on urination, and assessment reveals that the client had sexual intercourse four days ago with a person who was casually met. Which action should the nurse implement? A. Observe the perineal area for a chancroid-like lesion. B. Obtain a specimen of urethral drainage for culture. C. Assess for perineal itching, erythema, and excoriation. D. Identify all sexual partners in the last four days. - B. An adult client is admitted with flank pain and is diagnosed with acute pyelonephritis. What is the priority nursing action? A. Monitor hemoglobin and hematocrit. B. Encourage turning and deep breathing. C. Administer IV antibiotics as prescribed. D. Auscultate for presence of bowel sounds. - C. A client with cholelithiasis is admitted with jaundice due to obstruction of the common bile duct. Which finding is most important for the nurse to report to healthcare provider? A. Distended, hard, and rigid abdomen. B. Clay-colored stool. C. Radiating, sharp pain in right shoulder. D. Bile-stained emesis. - A A client with chronic kidney disease is started on hemodialysis. During the first dialysis treatment, the client's blood pressure drops from 150/90 mmHg to 80/30 mmHg. Which action should the nurse take first? A. Stop the dialysis treatment. B. Administer 5% albumin IV. C. Monitor blood pressure q45 minutes. D. Lower the head of the chair and elevate feet. - A. The nurse is collecting information from a client with chronic pancreatitis who reports persistent gnawing abdominal pain. To help the client manage the pain, which assessment data is most important for the nurse to obtain? A. Presence and activity of bowel sounds. B. Color and consistency of feces. C. Eating patterns and dietary intake. D. Level and amount of physical activity. - C. A client who had a C5 spinal cord injury 2 years ago is admitted to the emergency department with the diagnosis of autonomic dysreflexia secondary to a full bladder. Which assessment finding should the nurse expect this client to exhibit? A. Complaints of the chest pain and shortness of breath. B. Hypotension and venous pooling in the extremities. C. Profuse diaphoresis and severe, pounding headache. D. Pain and a burning sensation upon urination and hematuria. - D. During spring break, a young adult presents at the urgent care clinic and reports a stiff neck, fever for the past 6 hours, and a headache. Which intervention is most important for the nurse to implement? a. initiate isolation precuations b. prepare for a lumbar puncture c. admin an antipyretic d. draw blood cultures - A. The nurse assesses a client with petechiae and ecchymosis scattered across the arms and legs. Which laboratory result should the nurse review? A. Red Blood cell count. B. Platelet count. C. Hemoglobin levels. D. White blood cell count. - B.