NUR 410 Exam One Questions And Correct Answers
What senses diminish with age?
ALL senses diminish
*hearing, vision, touch/tactile, taste, smell
Changes in Vision with Age
-cornea thickens and flattens distorts vision
-arcus senillis
-increase in opacity of the lens overall blur
-thickening and yellowing of the lens color discrimination
-reduction in pupil diameter amount of light entering eye
-loss of rods
*make adapting to light and dark difficult
Presbyopia
farsightedness due to loss of elasticity of the lens of the eye
Difficulty viewing near objects
*/rx/: eyeglasses
Arcus Senilis
Grey-White arc or ring around limbus of iris common with age
Priority for the older adult w/vision changes
Safety!
Increased risk for falls
Changes in vision that impact function
Decreased visual acuity (test with snellen chart, newsprint)
Decreased ability to tolerate glare (night driving, shiny)
,Decreased ability to adapt to light and dark
Decreased peripheral vision (test with cardinal fields)
*/impact ON: driving, reading, eating
Cataracts
Clouding of the lens which results in blurry vision
-maybe see "halos"
-avoid glare
*Surgery necessary when vision no longer correctable with eyeglass prescription
-local anesthesia, outpatient
-mydriatic (dilates eye) used = anticholinergic effects (dries up!, falls, dizziness,
constipation)
-ABX eyedrops often prescribed (Risk for Infection)
Teaching:
-avoid heavy lifting, straining, and bending at the waist
-avoid constipation
-notify MD if coughing or vomiting occurs
Glaucoma
Rise in intraocular pressure that causes damage to the optic nerve
Results in loss of peripheral vision
Assess: cardinal fields
Teaching related to Risk Factors:
-increased age
-heredity
-failure to have routine eye exams
Medication Management:
, -Timolol beta blocker
-Pilocarpine
*Systemic effects
*must be taken on a schedule, should be given 5 mins apart, administer in the
conjunctival sac
Glaucoma is the leading cause of
blindness
Macular Degeneration
Loss of vision that occurs when the macula in the eye begins to deteriorate, results in a
loss of central vision
-straight lines appear wavy (later sign)
Early signs: dimming of vision, need for more light when reading
Screening tool: Amsler grid
Diabetic Retinopathy
Damage to the retinal blood vessels that can lead to blindness
caused by fluctuations in blood glucose
-few symptoms until the disease has progressed
Eye-drop Administration
Preparation = materials, hand a tissue
Positioning = Head back
PPE = gloves
Place the drops = conjunctival sac
Post-Admin Care = blink, don't rub eyes
Patience =wait 5 mins if giving more than 1 time
Conductive Hearing Loss
The conduction of sound is hindered
What senses diminish with age?
ALL senses diminish
*hearing, vision, touch/tactile, taste, smell
Changes in Vision with Age
-cornea thickens and flattens distorts vision
-arcus senillis
-increase in opacity of the lens overall blur
-thickening and yellowing of the lens color discrimination
-reduction in pupil diameter amount of light entering eye
-loss of rods
*make adapting to light and dark difficult
Presbyopia
farsightedness due to loss of elasticity of the lens of the eye
Difficulty viewing near objects
*/rx/: eyeglasses
Arcus Senilis
Grey-White arc or ring around limbus of iris common with age
Priority for the older adult w/vision changes
Safety!
Increased risk for falls
Changes in vision that impact function
Decreased visual acuity (test with snellen chart, newsprint)
Decreased ability to tolerate glare (night driving, shiny)
,Decreased ability to adapt to light and dark
Decreased peripheral vision (test with cardinal fields)
*/impact ON: driving, reading, eating
Cataracts
Clouding of the lens which results in blurry vision
-maybe see "halos"
-avoid glare
*Surgery necessary when vision no longer correctable with eyeglass prescription
-local anesthesia, outpatient
-mydriatic (dilates eye) used = anticholinergic effects (dries up!, falls, dizziness,
constipation)
-ABX eyedrops often prescribed (Risk for Infection)
Teaching:
-avoid heavy lifting, straining, and bending at the waist
-avoid constipation
-notify MD if coughing or vomiting occurs
Glaucoma
Rise in intraocular pressure that causes damage to the optic nerve
Results in loss of peripheral vision
Assess: cardinal fields
Teaching related to Risk Factors:
-increased age
-heredity
-failure to have routine eye exams
Medication Management:
, -Timolol beta blocker
-Pilocarpine
*Systemic effects
*must be taken on a schedule, should be given 5 mins apart, administer in the
conjunctival sac
Glaucoma is the leading cause of
blindness
Macular Degeneration
Loss of vision that occurs when the macula in the eye begins to deteriorate, results in a
loss of central vision
-straight lines appear wavy (later sign)
Early signs: dimming of vision, need for more light when reading
Screening tool: Amsler grid
Diabetic Retinopathy
Damage to the retinal blood vessels that can lead to blindness
caused by fluctuations in blood glucose
-few symptoms until the disease has progressed
Eye-drop Administration
Preparation = materials, hand a tissue
Positioning = Head back
PPE = gloves
Place the drops = conjunctival sac
Post-Admin Care = blink, don't rub eyes
Patience =wait 5 mins if giving more than 1 time
Conductive Hearing Loss
The conduction of sound is hindered
